Anatomy and Physiology Reviewer (ii) Autonomic NS = Involuntary
(Smooth Muscles)
Function of the Nervous System (Input
Sympathetic – “Fight
(external),
or Flight” prepares
1. Sensory Input – Gathering Information. the body for action
Input (stimuli = changes) - such as pain, (Norepinephrine)
taste, external temperature, something soft Parasympathetic –
etc. “Rest and Digest”,
2. Integration – process and interpretation of conserves energy and
the sensory input. To decide if action is maintain normal body
needed (Sensory input are integrated in function
interneurons (Mainly the function of spinal (Acetylcholine)
cord and brain)). Then transfer another
stimuli/ process another out way for;
3. Motor output – Responsible for activating a Nervous Tissue can be classified into 2:
muscle or a gland for a specific response
1. Main Type (Neuron)
For example, Constriction of Pupils when 2. Support Cells (Neuroglia)
exposed to light
Sensory Input – Opening of light Support Cells
Integration – Eye receives the shine of the light 1. Astrocytes
Motor output – Constriction of pupil in response Abundant, astro = star-shaped
to light (Pupillary reflex) Brace Neuron
From barrier between capillaries and
neurons
Structural Classification of the Nervous System Controls the chemical environment of
1. Central Nervous System (CNS) – for the brain
Integration 2. Microglia (CNS)
Brain Spider-like phagocytes, involves in
Spinal Cord phagocytosis
2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) – for Cleaning up of debris, contains
Sensory input, linked to a sensory organ hydrolytic enzymes
Nerves or neuron outside the brain 3. Ependymal Cells
and spinal cord Line cavities of the Brain and Spinal
Can be also classified into 2 division: cord
a before e (alphabetically arrange)
a) Sensory (afferent) division –
Nerves fiber that carry
information to the CNS
b) Motor (efferent) division –
Nerves fibers that carry impulses
away from the CNS. It is divided
into two subdivisions:
(i) Somatic NS = Voluntary
(Skeletal Muscles)
