TEST 46

I. LISTENING (20 points)

Part 1. Listen to a writer talking about the history of Bali and complete the notes with NO MORE
THAN THREE WORDS. (10 points)
Date Event Importance for art
3000 BC farmers from China built temples ornamented with wood and stone (1)
___carvings and statues_________ in Bali
14th century introduction of (2) artists employed by the ruling families and
___Hinduism_________ focused on epic narratives
1906 establishment of Dutch East Indies art became expression of opposition to (3)
Company _____colonization_______
1920s beginning of (4) encouraged use of new materials, techniques, and
____tourism________ subjects
1945 beginning of independence started to describe the (5) ____myths and
legends________ of Balinese history as well as
the everyday life of their people

Part 2. You will hear a radio program about the arts. For questions 1-5, choose the letter A, B, C or D
to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions. (10 points)
1. Tonight’s program will focus on ____________.
A. training priorities in broadcasting companies
B. courses for those hoping to work in the media
C. career prospects for existing media employees
D. employment opportunities in London colleges
2. What is the main aim of the organization called Cinemax?
A. Recruiting scriptwriters for the film industry.
B. Providing courses in media studies.
C. Organizing a local film festival.
D. Getting young people interested in cinema.
3. How does Nigel feel about the input from the consultant?
A. He is pleased that he ignored her advice.
B. He is keen to acknowledge her contribution.
C. He feels that she was over-critical.

1
 D. He is glad she rewrote some sections.
4. Nigel explains that consultants were brought in because ____________.
A. they may provide funds for future projects
B. they provided some expensive equipment
C. the team members were lacking in confidence
D. the organizers had invested heavily in the project
5. Looking to the future, Nigel says he is ____________.
A. aware of the need to remain flexible
B. less enthusiastic about working in film making
C. hoping to do some further work on his first script
D. keen to become a full-time scriptwriter

II. PHONETICS (5 points)

Part 1. Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose stress pattern is different from the
other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. index B. commit C. preview D. abbess
2. A. therapeutic B. conscientious C. fanaticism D. orthographic

Part 2. Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced
differently from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
3. A. allegedly B. confusedly C. supposedly D. wickedly
4. A. archaic B. chaperon s C. choreograph D. chasm
5. A. unique B. umpire C. ulcer D. umber

III. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 points)

Part 1. Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best completes each
of the following sentences. (30 points)
1. The leaves of the wild mulberry provide food for silkworms, ____________ silk fabrics are woven.
A. which cocoons B. from cocoons
C. whose cocoons D. from whose cocoons
2. This project is ____________ for an introductory-level class.
A. really much too hard B. much too really hard
C. too much really hard D. really hard too much
3. Her punky hairstyle showed she was not one for following the ____________. Chạy theo đám đông
2
 A. flock B. swarm C. group D. herd
4. When Eric’s mother could no longer stand his ____________, she bought him the toy car.
A. badgering mè nheo B. crowing C. squirreling D. wolfing
5. Seeing something piled ____________ on the shelves, Bennett moved closer and found hundreds of
wooden pallets stacked in complete disarray.
A. punctiliously B. spottily C. fortuitously D. haphazardly bừa bãi
6. The college basketball team always seem to cream ____________ the best athletes and other sports suffer
as a result.
A. up B. over C. off D. on
7. I found the training exhausting as the coach always pushed us to the ____________.
A. restriction B. border C. frontier D. limit
8. He ____________ and can usually let us know what the boss’s mood is.
A. turns a blind eye B. plays it by ear
C. is all ears D. keeps his ear to the ground
9. The thief put on the expensive boots and, with a ____________ air, walked calmly out of the shop!
A. steadfast B. nonchalant thản nhiên C. churlish D. malicious
10. Unions accept free accommodation and travel, yet they would scream ____________ murder if the same
was received by politicians.
A. red B. blue la hét phản đối dữ dội C. yellow D. black
11. ____________, we couldn’t make out the gist of the passage.
A. Careful as Jack explained B. As Jack carefully explained
C. Due to Jack’s careful explanations D. Though carefully explained by Jack
12. I will listen ____________ for your car and come down to the street so you don’t have to park.
A. to B. with C. out D. up
13. When I arrived, I found out that I ____________ the heavy gas bottle on my back because the campsite
now had electric cookers.
A. needn’t have carried B. didn’t need to carry
C. can’t have carried D. might not have carried
14. It’s urgent ____________ of the problem immediately.
A. the personnel manager be informed B. to be informed the personnel manager
C. informing the personnel manager D. the personnel manager is being informed
15. ____________, the meeting stops here.
A. If no question being asked B. There being no question
C. No questions asked D. Without any question, however
3
16. I don’t think that this fashion will ____________.
A. catch up B. catch out C. catch on D. catch over
17. A(n) ____________ decision has been made and there is nothing we can do about it now.
A. lock and key B. on and off C. high and mighty D. cut and dried
18. To get his proposal accepted, the Finance Manager had to ____________ heavy pressure from
colleagues.
A. fend off B. laugh off C. send off D. push off
19. Despite the huge marketing push, the new smartphone has taken second ____________ in the eyes of
consumers.
A. part B. seat C. spot D. place ít quan
trọng
20. The Minister was trying to avoid publicity, so he kept ____________.
A. near the ground B. a low profile C. a cool ahead D. under cover
21. I asked him, in vain, if we could rest for an hour but he had set his _ ___________ on reaching Danby by
nightfall.
A. eye B. heart C. head D. hand
22. If there happened to be both rich and poor people, as there happen to be both black and white ones, then
the advantages of the ____________ might well spread in time to the hard-up.
A. well-heeled B. big-hearted C. open-handed D. tight-fisted
23. Bobby’s new girlfriend must have gotten her ____________ into him.
A. paws B. claws kiểm soát C. crooks D. hooks
24. Christmas is often a ____________ for domestic violence due to increased drinking, tension over money
and contact with family members.
A. hellhole B. flashpoint điểm bùng phát C. watershed D.
meltdown
25. The tape recordings provided prosecutors with the ____________ they needed to prove he had been
involved in the conspiracy.
A. pester power B. safe bet C. smoking gun bằng chứng rõ ràng D.
brass ring
26. Upon finding out that he had been rejected, he cut up ____________.
A. rough B. raw C. loose D. harsh
27. No artist works ____________ - we are all influenced by others.
A. on a whim B. like a dog C. in a vacuum tách biệt D. at full
stretch
4
28. Everyone will tell you that becoming a parent is challenging, but you never really know what that means
until you learn about it the ____________ way.
A. long B. direct C. full D. hard trải
nghiệm thực tế
29. I rarely take my kids to the library because he can be a bit of ____________, running around and making
a mess.
A. a bull in the China shop B. a pig in mud
C. a duck in Arizona D. a bird in the hand
30. The amount of each ingredient put in your cake might differ a bit from the recipe, so it usually requires
experience to have your cake done ____________.
A. there and then B. just the way C. for good D. to a turn
đúng mức/hoàn hảo/chín tới

Part 2. Choose letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions. (5 points)
1. In 1921, accompanied by her two daughters, Marie Curie made a triumphant journey to the United States
to raise funds for research on radium.
A. sorrowful B. difficult C. adventurous D. victorious
2. Australia’s cities complicate this classical view of the heat island model to the extent that city centres are
close to the coast and heat is ameliorated by the immense heat-absorbing capacities of the ocean and
associated breezes.
A. improved B. altered C. absorbed D. deteriorated
3. The wedding handkerchief is passed from generation to generation, and is considered an important family
heirloom.
A. dowry B. inheritance C. representation D. pride
4. On the last day that parliament sat this year, the government let slip that public health budgets for local
authorities will be slashed by £85m next year.
A. increased sharply B. invested C. disbursed D. reduced greatly
5. Now imagine being turned down or paying exorbitant sums for life insurance and health coverage by
companies that deem you too high a risk even though you feel fit as a fiddle.
A. in very bad health B. suitable enough for the job
C. in very good health D. qualified for the position

Part 3. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
5
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. (5 points)
1. Since it is to be a surprise, don’t let the cat out of the bag.
A. let the bag away from the cat B. reveal the true story
C. keep the cat inside the bag D. hide the secret
2. Some successful scientists make their careers by hammering away at one experimental technique that they
are good at, and by gathering a gang of co-workers to do the donkey work. ( công việc nhàm chán và nặng
nhọc)
A. hard and boring work B. exhausting and difficult work
C. interesting and simple work D. exciting and challenging work
3. The company has been cooking up cunning plans to revitalize the business for the past 10 years; yet all it
has delivered is relentless decline.
A. concocting sly plans (bày mưa kế xảo quyệt) B. creating guileless plans (kế hoạch chân thật)
C. contriving crafty plans D. preparing careful plans
4. Always willing to talk to the media, and skilled in putting his view across, he reserved most of his
energies for negotiations at the highest political levels.
A. communicating his view effectively B. disapproving his opinion
C. explaining his ideas clearly D. conveying his view unclearly
5. Modern ecologists throw up their hands in horror at what they see as Hookers environmental anarchy.
A. are shocked B. are staggered C. are disappointed D. are unperturbed
ko lo lắng

Part 4. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions. (10 points)
1. The media have produced live covering of Michael Jackson’s fans around the world mourning for him.
A. have B. covering of coverage of C. fans around the world D. mourning for
2. A lot of ancient paintings and sculptures can be found in this museum but there are a few works of Hugo
because he is relatively unknown in this country.
A. ancient B. sculptures C. a few few D. he is
3. Just when the city had finished rebuilding from a devastating hurricane of three years earlier, came along
another hurricane that created further damage.
A. had finished B. rebuilding C. devastating D. came along
along came
4. Custom officers at the ports are looking out for a gang who are smuggling great quantities of alcohol into
the country.
6
 A. Custom officers nhân viên hải quan B. who are C. quantities D. into
5. The organizers of the charity were more than surprised at how many people lined up to receive the clothes
donating by the outgoing mayor.
A. more than surprised B. how many
C. donating donated D. outgoing
6. Mike persisted doing everything himself, even though it was quite clear that he wasn’t capable of doing
anything proper.
A. doing in doing B. himself C. quite D.
anything proper
7. Public opinion polling aims to obtain a close-to-exact analyzing of the distribution of opinions on any
issue within a specific population.
A. aims to B. analyzing analysis C. any D. within
8. Luxembourg owes its high standard of living, in part, by the fact that the labor force makes up almost half
of its population.
A. in B. by to C. makes D. almost half
9. Green coffee keeps for a long time, while roasted and ground coffee quickly loses its flavor and aroma if
exposing to air.
A. keeps B. while C. its D. exposing exposed
10. The major economical activities of Cheyenne, Wyoming, include transportation, chemicals, tourism, and
governmental activities.
A. economical economic B. include C. chemicals D. and

IV. LANGUAGE FUNCTION (5 points)

Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
1. Jack is having trouble getting some change for the automatic vending machine, so he asks a passerby.
- Jack: “Excuse me, could I trouble you for some change?”
- The passerby: “____________. Will pennies do?”
A. I know B. Never mind C. I am sure D. Let me see
2. - Son: “Why don’t we buy a new car, Dad? This one is too old to go out with my friends.”
- Dad: “____________. We don’t have much money.”
A. You’re right B. I have to think it up
C. It’s out of the question now D. That’s a great idea
3. Two students Peter and Anny are talking about women’s role.
7
- Peter: “In my opinion, women would not go to work.”
- Anny: “____________”
A. Yes, I don’t agree. B. What nonsense! C. Yes, I do. D. Yes, it was ever.
4. - John: “Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?”
- Laura: “____________.”
A. Yes, it’s an absurd idea B. There is no doubt about it
C. Of course not. You bet D. Well, that’s very surprising
5. Two friends Tom and Laura are talking about Laura’s competition.
- Tom: “I thought your performance last Sunday was wonderful.”
- Laura: “____________”
A. I completely agree with you. It was terrific.
B. No doubt!
C. Don’t tell a lie. I thought it was terrible.
D. You must be kidding. It was not as good as I had expected.

V. READING COMPREHENSION (60 points)

Part 1. Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that
best fits each of the numbered blanks. (20 points)
The issues for (1) ____________ economies are a little straight forward. The desire to build on
undeveloped land is not (2) ____________ out of desperation or necessity, but is a result of the relentless
march of progress. Cheap labour and a relatively high-skilled workforce make these countries highly
competitive and there is a flood of inward investment, particular from (3) ____________ looking to take
advantage of the low wages before the cost and standard of living begin to rise. It is factors such as these that
are making many Asian economies extremely attractive when viewed as investment opportunity at the
moment. Similarly, in Africa, the relative (4) ____________ of precious metals and natural resources tends
to attract a lot of (5) ____________ companies and a whole sub-industry develops around and is completely
dependent on this foreign-direct investment. It is understandable that countries that are the focus of this sort
of attention can lose sight of the environmental implications of large-scale industrial development, and this
can have devastating consequences for the natural world. And it is a (6) ____________ circle because the
more industrially active a nation becomes, the greater the demand for and harvesting of natural resources.
For some, the environmental issues, though they can hardly be ignored, are viewed as a (7) ____________
concern. Indeed, having an environmental conscience or taking environmental matters into consideration
when it comes to decisions on whether or not to build rubber-tree (8) ____________ or grow biofuel crops
would be quite (9) ____________ indeed. For those involved in such schemes it is a pretty black-and-white
8
issue. And, for vast (10) ____________ of land in Latin America, for example, it is clear that the welfare of
the rainforests matters little to the local government when vast sums of money can be made from cultivating
the land.
1. A. emerging B. emergent C. convergent D. resurgent
2. A. grown B. born là do C. bred D. arisen
3. A. multinationals B. migrants C. continentals D.
intercontinents
4. A. premonition B. abundance C. amplitude D. accumulation
5. A. exploitation B. exploration (công ty thăm dò) C. surveyance D.
research
6. A. vacuous B. viscous C. vexatious D. vicious (vòng luẩn
quẩn)
7. A. parallel B. extrinsic C. peripheral ko quan trọng D.
exponential
8. A. plantations B. homesteads C. ranches D. holdings
9. A. proscriptive B. prohibitive C. prospective D. imperative
10. A. regions B. plots C. tracts khu đất lớn D. sectors

Part 2. Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions. (20 points)
There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites have had important effects on Earth,
particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on
Earth. Twice in the twentieth century, large meteorite objects are known to have collided with Earth.
If an impact is large enough, it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an
ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the
Cretaceous period of geological history. This break in Earth’s history is marked by a mass extinction, when
as many as half the species on the planet became extinct. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions
in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists because it
marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of years, those great creatures had flourished.
Then, suddenly, they disappeared.
The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite with a mass of
more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers. Scientists first identified this impact in
1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the
impact. This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium and other elements that are relatively
9
abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust of Earth. Even diluted by the terrestrial material excavated
from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified. By 1990 geologists had located the impact
site itself in the Yucatán region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about
200 kilometers in diameter.
This impact released an enormous amount of energy, excavating a crater about twice as large as the
lunar crater Tycho. The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere, as can be
determined by measuring the thickness of the sediment layer formed when this dust settled to the surface.
Such a quantity of material would have blocked the sunlight completely from reaching the surface, plunging
Earth into a period of cold and darkness that lasted at least several months. The explosion is also calculated
to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid and melted rock that sprayed out overmuch of Earth, starting
widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forest sand grassland. Presumably, those
environmental disasters could have been responsible for the mass extinction, including the death of the
dinosaurs.
Several other mass extinctions in the geological record have been tentatively identified with large
impacts, but none is so dramatic as the Cretaceous event. But even without such specific documentation, it is
clear that impacts of this size do occur and that their results can be catastrophic. What is a catastrophe for
one group of living things, however, may create opportunities for another group. Following each mass
extinction, there is a sudden evolutionary burst as new species develop to fill the ecological niches opened
by the event.
Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause global catastrophes and seriously
influence the evolution of life all over the planet. According to some estimates, the majority of all extinctions
of species may be due to such impacts. Such a perspective fundamentally changes our view of biological
evolution. The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species
and adapting to slowly changing environments. Yet an equally important criterion is the ability of a species
to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts.
Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were
unsuspected a few decades ago. In 1991 the United States Congress asked NASA to investigate the hazard
posed today by large impacts on Earth. The group conducting the study concluded from a detailed analysis
that impacts from meteorites can indeed be hazardous. Although there is always some risk that a large impact
could occur, careful study shows that this risk is quite small.
1. The word “pose” in the passage is closest in meaning to ____________.
A. claim B. model C. assume D. present
2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of
millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
10
 A. To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented
of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record.
B. To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become
extinct at the end of the Cretaceous.
C. To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the
Cretaceous.
D. To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire
planet and cause an ecological disaster.
3. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the location of the meteorite impact in
Mexico?
A. The location of the impact site in Mexico was kept secret by geologists from 1980 to 1990.
B. It was a well-known fact that the impact had occurred in the Yucatán region.
C. Geologists knew that there had been an impact before they knew where it had occurred.
D. The Yucatán region was chosen by geologists as the most probable impact site because of its
climate.
4. According to paragraph 3, how did scientists determine that a large meteorite had impacted Earth?
A. They discovered a large crater in the Yucatán region of Mexico.
B. They found a unique layer of sediment worldwide.
C. They were alerted by archaeologists who had been excavating in the Yucatán region.
D. They located a meteorite with a mass of over a trillion tons.
5. The word “excavating” in the passage is closest in meaning to ____________.
A. digging out B. extending C. destroying D. covering up
6. According to paragraph 4, all of the following statements are true of the impact at the end of the
Cretaceous period EXCEPT ____________.
A. A large amount of dust blocked sunlight from Earth
B. Earth became cold and dark for several months
C. New elements were formed in Earth’s crust
D. Large quantities of nitric acid were produced
7. The phrase “tentatively identified” in the passage is closest in meaning to ____________.
A. identified after careful study B. identified without certainty
C. occasionally identified D. easily identified
8. Paragraph 6 supports which of the following statements about the factors that are essential for the survival
of a species?

11
 A. The most important factor for the survival of a species is its ability to compete and adapt to
gradual changes in its environment.
B. The ability of a species to compete and adapt to a gradually changing environment is not the only
ability that is essential for survival.
C. Since most extinctions of species are due to major meteorite impacts, the ability to survive such
impacts is the most important factor for the survival of a species.
D. The factors that are most important for the survival of a species vary significantly from one
species to another.
9. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the following sentence?
“Earth is a target in a cosmic shooting gallery, subject to random violent events that were unsuspected
a few decades ago.”
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Until recently, nobody realized that Earth is exposed to violent impacts from space.
B. In the last few decades, the risk of a random violent impact from space has increased.
C. Since most violent events on Earth occur randomly, nobody can predict when or where they will
happen.
D. A few decades ago, Earth became the target of random violent events originating in outer space.
10. According to the passage, who conducted investigations about the current dangers posed by large
meteorite impacts on Earth?
A. Paleontologists B. Geologists
C. The United States Congress D. NASA

Part 3. Read the text and do the tasks that follow. (20 points)
The Reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-G.
For questions 1-7, choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph.
List of headings
i. Key people that made a difference
ii. An alternative to fingerprinting
iii. The significance of prints
iv. How to identify a criminal
v. Patterns in the making
vi. Family connections
vii. Exciting new developments
viii. A strange coincidence
12
 ix. Punishing a criminal
x. A uncertain past
1. Paragraph A _____iii_______.
2. Paragraph B _____v______.
3. Paragraph C _____x_______.
4. Paragraph D _____i_______.
5. Paragraph E _____iv_______.
6. Paragraph F _____viii_______.
7. Paragraph G ____vii________.

A. To detectives, the answers lie at the end of our figures. Fingerprinting offers an accurate and infallible
means of personal identification. The ability to identify a person from a mere fingerprint is a powerful tool in
the fight against crime. It is the most commonly used forensic evidence, often outperforming other methods
of identification. These day, older methods of ink fingerprinting, which could take weeks, have given way to
newer, faster techniques like fingerprint evidence, every single person’s print is unique. So, what makes our
fingerprints different for our neighbor’s?
B. A good place to start is to understand what fingerprints are and how they are created. A fingerprint is the
arrangement of skin ridges and furrows on the tips of the fingers. This ridged skin develops fully during fetal
development, as the skin cells grow in the mother’s womb. These ridges are arranged into patterns and
remain the same through tout the course of a person’s life. Other visible human characteristics, like weight
and height, change over time whereases fingerprints do not. The reason why every fingerprint is unique is
that when a baby’s genes combine with environmental influences, such as temperature, it affects the way the
ridges on the skin grow. It makes thi ridges develop at different rates, buckling and bending into patterns. As
a result, no two people end up having the same fingerprints. Even identical twins possess dissimilar
fingerprints.
C. It is not easy to map the journey of how the unique quality of the fingerprint came to be discovered. The
moment in history it happened is not entirely clear. However, the use fingerprinting can be traced back to
some ancient civilizations, such as Babylon and China, where thumbprints were pressed onto clay tablets to
confirm business transactions. Whether people at this time actually realized the full extent of how
fingerprints were important for identification purposes is another matter altogether. One cannot be sure if the
act was seen as a means to confirm identity or a symbolic gesture to blind a contract, where giving your
fingerprint was like giving your word.
D. Despite this uncertainty, there are those who made a significant contribution towards the analysis of
fingerprinting. History tells us that at 14th century Persian doctor made an early statement that no two
13
fingerprints are alike. Later, in the 17th, Italian physician Marcello Malpighi studied the distinguishing
shapes of loops and spirals in fingerprints. In this honor, the medical world later named a layer of skin after
him. It was, however, an employee for the East India Company, William Herschel, who came to see the true
potential of fingerprinting. He took fingerprints from the local people as a form of signature for the
contracts, in order to avoid fraud. His fascination with fingerprints propelled him to study them for the next
twenty years. He developed the theory that fingerprints were unique to an individual and did not change at
all over a lifetime. In 1880 Henry Faulds suggested that fingerprints could be used to identify convicted
criminals. He wrote to Charles Darwin for advice and the idea was referred on to Darwin’s cousin, Sir
Francis Galton, Galton eventually published an in-depth study of fingerprint science in 1892.
E. Although the fact that each person has a totally unique fingerprint pattern had been well documented and
accepted for a long time, this knowledge was not exploited for criminal identification until the early 20th
century. In the past branding, tattooing, and maiming had been used to mark the criminal for what he was. In
some countries, thieves would have their hands cut off. France branded criminals with the fleur-de-lis
symbol. The Roman tattooed mercenary soldiers to stop them from becoming deserters.
F. For many years police agencies in the Western world were reluctant to use fingerprinting, much preferring
the popular method of the time, the Bertillon System, where dimensions of certain body parts were recorded
to identify a criminal. The turning point was in 1903 when a prisoner by the name Will West was admitted
into Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. Amazingly, Will had almost the same Bertillon measurements as
another prisoner residing at the very same prison, whose name happened to be William West. It was only
their fingerprints that could tell them apart. From that point on, fingerprinting became the standards for
criminals’ identification.
G. Fingerprinting was useful in identifying people with a history of crime and who were listed on a database.
However, in situations where the perpetrator was not on the database and a crime had no witnesses, the
system fell short. Fingerprint chemistry is a new technology that can work alongside traditional
fingerprinting to find more clues than ever before. From organic compounds left behind on a print, a scientist
can tell if the person is a child, an adult, a mature person, or a smoker, and much more. It seems, after all
these years, fingers continue to point the way.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences below using NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A
NUMBER from the passage.
8. Unlike other ____characteristics________ that you can see, fingerprints never change.
9. Although genetically the same, _______identical twins_____ do not share the same fingerprints.
10. A fingerprint was a substitute for a ____signature________ in Indian contracts.

VI. WRITING (60 points)

14
Part 1. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions. (5 points)
1. Visitors to Thailand ought not to show the soles of their feet to anyone, as it is very rude to do so there.
A. Since it is impolite to do so there, travelers in Thailand would rather not show the soles of their feet to
others.
B. It is better that people travelling in Thailand do not expose the soles of their feet to others, as there, it is
impolite to do so.
C. People visiting Thailand never uncover the soles of their feet, as it can be extremely rude to do so
there.
D. Fearing that they might offend people, visitors to Thailand do not let other people see the soles of their
feet.
2. The deciding match of the series will take place tomorrow afternoon, weather permitting.
A. The match that will determine the series’ winner will be played tomorrow afternoon if the weather is
fine.
B. Even if the weather is bad, tomorrow’s match, which will decide the winner of the series, will be
played.
C. The weather will probably not permit the match to be played tomorrow afternoon.
D. It would be unfortunate if the weather did not permit tomorrow’s match to be played, as it will
determine the winner.
3. Almost everybody in the hotel took advantage of its free bus to the beach.
A. Hardly anybody who was staying in the hotel travelled to the beach on its free bus.
B. Nearly everyone who was on the beach had taken the free bus from the hotel.
C. Everyone in the hotel saw its free bus to the beach as the best way to get there.
D. Only a few of the guests did not use the hotel’s bus, which was free, to get to the beach.
4. You can cancel your ticket with a full refund only if you do so one week before your scheduled departure.
A. You can apply for a full refund for your ticket within a week if you have had a change of plans and
cannot make the flight.
B. When you purchase a ticket for a flight, it is impossible to get a refund on it in advance of the date that
your flight will be leaving.
C. In order to get all the money you’ve paid for the ticket back, the cancellation has to be done seven days
prior to your plane’s scheduled take-off.
D. When a flight has been cancelled by the airlines, you must ask for a full refund within one week of the
date of departure.

15
5. The writer was not in the habit of backing up her files, so when her computer went down, she lost all her
work.
A. Unfortunately, the writer forgot to save her work before shutting down the computer, because she was
not in the habit of doing it.
B. When the writer’s computer stopped functioning, all of her work disappeared because she didn’t
regularly make copies of her files.
C. The writer wished that she had backed up her files, because she lost all of her work when her computer
stopped working.
D. After completing her work, the writer was unable to make back-up files of it due to a functioning
problem with her computer.

Part 2. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions. (5 points)
1. We chose to find a place for the night. We found the bad weather very inconvenient.
A. Bad weather was approaching though we started to look for a place to stay.
B. The bad weather prevented us from driving any further.
C. Seeing that the bad weather had set in, we decided to find somewhere to spend the night.
D. Because the climate was so severe, we were worried about what we’d do at night.
2. I ate the soup. After that I remembered that I had forgotten to give my little sister some of it.
A. It was not until I ate the soup did I remember that I had forgotten to give my little sister some of it.
B. As soon as I remembered that I had forgotten to give my little sister some of soup I ate it.
C. Only after eating the soup did I remember that I had forgotten to give my little sister some of it.
D. Hardly had I forgotten to give my little sister some of it when I ate the soup.
3. He felt very tired. However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
A. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
B. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
C. As the result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
D. Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
4. The purpose of any invention is to make our lives better. So good or bad, it depends on the way by which
we use these inventions.
A. Whether an invention is good or bad depends on the way by which we use it because the purpose of
any invention is to make our lives better.
B. We can use either good or bad inventions to make our lives better.

16
 C. The purpose of any invention, whether good or bad, is to make our lives better. This depends on the
way by which we use these inventions.
D. Good or bad as they are, all inventions have the same purpose to make our lives better.
5. There were over two hundred people at Carl’s trial, most of whom believed that he was not guilty of the
crime.
A. When it was announced that Carl had been found not guilty of the crime, there were over 200 people in
the audience at his trial.
B. Carl had not committed the crime, and so more than 200 people came to his trial to show their support.
C. Over 200 people coming to Carl’s trial must have influenced the fact that he was not found guilty of
the crime.
D. The majority of the more than 200 people at Carl’s trial didn’t think that he had committed the crime.

Part 3. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
original one. (10 points)
1. Apart from Linda, everyone else at the meeting was a party member.
→ With the exception of Linda, everyone else at the meeting was a party member
2. Whatever the methods used to obtain the result, drugs were definitely not involved.
→ There was no question of drugs being involved, whatever the methods used to obtain the result
3. Those terrapins which survive their first year may live to be twenty.
→ Should those terrapins survive their first year, they may live to be twenty
4. The last time there was such an environmental catastrophe was a thousand years ago.
→ Not since a thousand years ago has there been such an -----------
5. He’s so competitive that he never gives up.
→ He’s too much of a competitor to ever give up

Part 4. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second sentence
has the same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the word in brackets. (10 points)
1. The two brothers have been quarrelling about the property for years. (LOGGERHEADS)
→ The two brothers have been at loggerheads over the property for years.
2. Advances in science should soon yield a cure for cancer. (BRINK)
→ Scientists are thought to be on the brink of finding a cure for cancer.
3. With the qualifications you certainly do not have to be forced into a decision, Sandy. (OPTIONS)
→ With the qualifications you can certainly keep your options open, Sandy.
4. He never helps me because he is too lazy. (BONE)
17
→ He is too bone idle to help me.
5. Even now I get scared when I think about it. (GOOSE)
→ I still get goose pimples when I think about it.

Part 5. Essay writing (30 points)

Some people think that the installation of camera surveillance in the classroom will make students focus
more on the lessons and keep good discipline in class. Others believe it may inhibit their freedom and
creativity. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
18
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
THE END

19