Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Semester 2
Sample Examinations
SOLUTIONS
2011
Copyright 2011
SAMPLE A
(SOLUTIONS)
Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes
Copyright 2011
(i)
Let
log 8 32 = x
x
then
32 = 8
32 = 2
3x
2 =2
3x
i.e.
(ii)
5 = 3x (Equating indices.)
5
=x
3
5
log 8 32 = .
3
3x 1 < 5
5 < 3 x 1 < 5
4 < 3 x < 6
4
< x < 2.
3
(iii)
dt = 2
t dt
t
4
1
t 2
=
1
2 1
[ ]
= 2[ 4 1]
=2 t
= 2.
(iv)
60 7
9 8
= 15 6 [3 significant figures.]
T = 2
(v)
x2
1
=
8
2 2 x = 2 3 x
2
2 x 2 = 3 x
[Equating Indices]
2 x 2 + 3x = 0
x (2 x + 3) = 0
x = 0,
( vi)
3
2
2x2 x
2x 2 x 0
x (2 x 1) 0
x0 x
(vii)
1
2
= 5x 2 32 x + 48
= 4 x 2 32 x + 48
= x 2 8 x + 12
0
( x 6)( x 2) = 0
x = 6, 2.
If x = 6 the terms are 2, 6, 18.
If x = 2, the terms are 2, 2, 2, but all three terms are positive.
So x = 6 is the only solution.
x 3 = 50
(viii)
Let
then
f ( x ) = x 3 50
f ' ( x ) = 3x 2
f (3 5) = ( 3 5) 3 50
= 7 125
and
f '(3 5) = 3(3 5) 2
= 36 75
By Newton's Method a second approximation will be
f ( x1 )
f '( x1 )
7 125
x2 = 3 5
36 75
= 3 69 (2D).
x 2 = x1
(ix)
x4 x
If
1
4
=2
then
1
41
x x 4 = 4
1
2
x 2+x
1
2
x +x
1
2
=4
=6
1
21
2
x + x = 36
x + 2 + x 1 = 36
x + x 1 = 34.
2.
(i)
(a )
Let
then
(b)
Let
then
(c)
Let
then
(d)
Let
then
y = (7 x ) 8
dy
= 8(7 x ) 7 ( 1)
dx
= 8(7 x ) 7 .
x
2
dy
x
5
= 6 cos 2 x + sin .
dx
2
2
y = 3 sin 2 x 5 cos
2 x + 1
y = ln
x 7
= ln[2 x + 1] ln[ x 7]
dy
2
1
=
dx 2 x + 1 x 7
2( x 7) 1(2 x + 1)
=
(2 x + 1)( x 7)
2 x 14 2 x 1
=
(2 x + 1)( x 7)
15
=
.
(2 x + 1)( x 7)
y = 2 xe
u = 2 x
u = 2
x 2 1
dy
= uv + vu
dx
= 2 x[2 xe x
= 2e x
] + ex
[2 x 2 + 1].
[ 2]
2
v = 2 xe x 1
v = ex
5
x 1
= 5( x 1) 1
(ii)
y=
dy
= 5( x 1) 2
dx
5
=
( x 1) 2
dy
5
At x = 2,
=
dx (2 1) 2
= 5 The slope of the tangent.
1
the slope of the normal = .
5
5
Also at x = 2, y =
= 5.
2 1
The equation of the normal at (2,5) will be:1
y 5 = ( x 2)
5
5 y 25 = x 2
0 = x 5 y + 23
x 5 y + 23 = 0.
(iii)
BBB
B
B
B
BBW
W
B
W
B
W
BWB
W
B
W
B
W
(a)
BWW
WBB
WBW
WWB
WWW
See next page.
(b)
(iv)
2 x 5y 9 = 0
6 x 8 y + 8 = 0................(1)
6 x 15 y 27 = 0............(2)
(1) (2)
7 y + 35 = 0
7 y = 35
y = 5
3x 4( 5) + 4 = 0
3x + 24 = 0
3x = 24
x = 8
Point of intersection is ( 8,5).
Now the equation of any line 4 x 7 y + 13 = 0 is
7 x + 4 y + k = 0.
If ( 8,5) lies on this line then 7( 8) + 4( 5) + k = 0
k = 76.
So the equation of the required line is 7 x + 4 y + 76 = 0.
3.
(i)
(a)
(b)
x
5
3
x
2
5
x
= sin 2 x + 6 cos + c.
2
2
(5x 7)
+c
54
(5x 7)4
+ c.
=
20
3
(5x 7) dx =
(c)
(d)
(ii)
2 dx = 2 dx
3 2x
3 2x
= ln[3 2 x ] + c.
7
x2
2
xe
dx
2
7 2
= e x + c.
2
x
7 xe dx =
2
8e x e x = 2
8
ex = 2
ex
Let m = e x
8
Then
m= 2
m
8 m 2 = 2m
m 2 + 2m 8 = 0
(m + 4)(m 2) = 0
m = 4 , m = 2
then e x = 4 or e x = 2
no solutions, x = ln 2.
(iii)
(a)
(b)
x dx = 2 (2)(2) + 2 (8)(8)
= 2 + 32
= 34.
(iv)
8
4
So, BOC = 1 1071[radians]
Then, AOB = 2 1 1071
= 0 927.
By Pythagoras' Theorem,
tan BOC =
OB = 4 2 + 8 2
= 80
1
Shaded Area = r 2 [ sin ]
2
1
= ( 80 ) 2 [0 927 sin 0 927]
2
= 5 09 cm 2 .
4. (i) The point (h, k ) lies on the line y = x + 1, so we can substitute x = h, & y = k
k = h + 1.
Also we know that (h, k ) is 5 units from (0,2), so
(h 0) 2 + ( k 2) 2 = 5
h 2 + ( k 2) 2
But, k = h + 1
= 25
h 2 + ( h + 1 2) 2
= 25
h 2 + (h 1) 2 = 25
h 2 + h 2 2h + 1 = 25
2h 2 2h 24 = 0
h 2 h 12 = 0
(h 4)(h + 3) = 0
h = 4 k = 4 +1= 5
h = 3 k = 3 + 1 = 2.
(ii)
(a)
From (2)
x 2 = 8 y .........(1)
3x 2 y 8 = 0 .......(2)
3x 8 = 2 y
12 x 32 = 8 y .......(3)
x 2 = 12 x 32
x 2 12 x + 32 = 0
( x 4)( x 8) = 0
x = 4, y = 2
x = 8, y = 8
So the points of intersection are (4,2) and (8,8).
(b)
3x 8 x 2
dx
Shaded area =
8
2
4
8
1
12 x 32 x 2 dx
8 4
8
x3
1
= 6 x 2 32 x
8
3 4
=
1 2
83 2
4 3
6
8
32
8
6
4
32
4
()
( )
8
3
3
4
square units.
3
( )
(c)
( )
x2
3x 8
V =
dx 8 dx
2
4
[3x 8] dx
2
(3x 8)
(iii)
x
64
dx
[(3 8 8)
36
x5
4 3 3
4
4
3
64 5 4
( 3 4 8)
]_
64
cubic units.
5
320
4
4
2
2
tan
x
dx
=
sec x 1 dx
0
0
4
= tan x x
0
= [tan
= 1
] [tan 0 0]
[8
45
(iv)
and
T11 = 5 T6
T8 + T9 = 40
a + 10d = 5[a + 5d ]
a + 7d + a + 8d = 40
2a + 15d = 40 ......(2)
a + 10d = 5a + 25d
4a = 15d .................(1)
Substitute (1) into (2) gives:
2a + (-4a ) = 40
2a = 40
16
d = .
a = 20 4( 20) = 15d
3
6
16
So, S 6 = 2 20 + 5
2
3
= 40.
5.
(i)
e 2dx = 1
0
x2
2e = 1
0
k
2e 2 2e0 = 1
k
2e 2 2 = 1
k
2e 2 = 3
k
e2 =
3
2
k
3
= log e
2
2
3
k = 2ln
2
9
k = ln .
4
(ii)
x<2
+
x=2
0
x>2
+
(ii)
(b)
dM
= kM
dt
When t = 0,
(iii)
M = 10e
When t = 5,
M = M o e kt .
M = 10
M o = 10
kt
M =8
8 = 10e 5k
8
= e 5k
10
ln(0 8) = 5k
ln(0 8)
=k
5
Now we have to find t when M = 75% of 10 = 7 5.
7 5 = 10e kt
0 75 = e kt
ln(0 75) = kt
ln(0 75)
=t
k
ln(0 75)
=t
ln(0 8)
5
6 4 = t.
6(i)
(a) LHS = 2[cos( ) cos x sin( ) sin x][cos( ) cos x + sin( ) sin x]
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
= 2(
sin x)
cos x
sin x)(
cos x
2
2
2
2
1
1
= 2( cos 2 x sin 2 x)
2
2
2
2
= cos x sin x
= cos 2 x
(b) cos 2 x = 1
2 x = 0, 2 , 4
x = 0, , 2
(ii)
V = 2000 + 6t t
0 t 6.
dV
2
= 12t 3t
dt
2
d V
= 12 6t
dt 2
dV
(a)
Put
=0
12t 3t 2 = 0
dt
3t (4 t ) = 0
2
t = 0, t = 4.
2
When t = 4,
d V
= 12 ( < 0)
dt 2
(b)
Vmax = 2000 + 6 4 2 4 3
= 2032 kl.
V is maximum here.
(c)
(d)
(iii)
When t = 2
f (x) = x 3
f ( x) = ( x)3
= x 3
= f (x).
f (x) is odd.
(b)
f ( x)dx = 0
(c)
f ( x ) = x 3 cos 2 x
f ( x ) = ( x ) 3 cos( 2 x )
[cos( ) = cos ]
= x 3 cos 2 x
= f ( x ).
f ( x ) is odd.
(d)
[e
2 x
+ x cos 2 x dx = e
3
2 x
dx + x 3 cos 2 x dx
1
e 2 x
=
+0
2 1
1 2
=
e e2
2
e 2 e 2
.
=
2
f ( x ) = 0, if f ( x ) is odd.
1
7.
(i)
1
6
16
3dx
=
1 9 x 2 3 1 1 (3x ) 2
dx
1
6
= sin 1 ( 3x )
3
1
6
1 1 1
1
sin sin 1
2
2
3
1
3 6 6
2
18
(ii)
3x + 1
<2
3x + 5
3x + 1
2<0
3x + 5
3x + 1 2(3x + 5)
<0
3x + 5
3x + 1 6 x 10
<0
3x + 5
3 x 9
<0
3x + 5
Critical values:3 x 9 = 0
x = 3;
and 3x + 5 = 0
5
3
x=0
negative
x=
Test Points
(3x9)/(3x+5)
x=4
negative
Solution
See over page for alternative method
x = 2
positive
2
x < 3 x > 1 .
3
x < 3 or x > 5 / 3
-3
-5/3
9
9 2 9 2
(2 x + 3x ) 1 = (2 x + 3x 2 ) 1 ( ) + ( ) 2 ......................
x
1 x 2 x
(iii)
18 144
= (2 x + 3x 2 ) 1
+ 2 ...................................
x
x
For the term independent of x: (2) (1) + ( 1) ( 18) + (3) (144) = 452
] [ ]
d 2
1
x log e x = x 2 + [log e x ][2 x ]
d
x
d 2
x log e x = x + 2 x log e x
dx
(iv)
d 2
x log e x x = 2 x log e x
dx
e2
e2
d x 2 log x dx x dx
x
x
dx
2
log
=
e
e
1 dx
1
1
e2
e2
e
1
x2
2 1
e
e 4 1
1 4
2
xlog e xdx = 2 e ln e (1 ln 1) 2 2
e4 1
1
= 2e 4
+
2
2 2
3e 4 + 1
.
4
(v)
dM
=
dt
t
t 2
11
M =
6
Now: when t = 6
t
dt
t 2
let
u = 62 = 2
: when t = 11
u = 11 2 = 3.
1
dt
2 t 2
t = u2 + 2
du =
Also:
and:
11
dt = u 2 + 2 2 du
t 2
2
u3
= 2 + 2u
3
2
= 2 ( 9 + 6) + 4
3
2
= 16 kg.
3
8.
(i)
u= t 2
(ii)
x
x + 2 x + 0x + 0x + 0
2
x3
+ 2x
x3
2x
= x 2
2
x +2
x +2
2x
3
x dx
2
x +2
2x
] dx
=
[x 2
x +2
x2
=
ln[ x 2 + 2] + c
2
(iii)
6
= tan( + )
x
6
tan 1 = +
x
3
= tan
x
3
tan 1 =
x
and
6
x
3
x
= tan 1 tan 1
Now differentiating implicitly with respect to t:
6
3
2
2
d
dx
dx
= x
36 dt
9
dt
dt
1+ 2
1+ 2
x
x
dx
When x = 10,
= 1
dt
3
6
d
= 100 ( 1) + 100 ( 1)
36
9
dt
1+
1+
100
100
d
123
radians / second
=
dt 7412
= 0 0166 radians / second.
(iv)
In doing this question we must use the fact that the degree of the remainder
is always less than the degree of the divisor. So when we divide a polynomial
by a quadratic, then the remainder could be linear (i.e. ax + b).
Let the polynomial be P ( x ).
Then
P( 1) = 6
and
P(3) = 2,
P( x ) = ( x 2 x 3)Q( x ) + ax + b
2
Also
3a + b = 2
4 a
=8
a = 2
b = 4.
The remainder is 2 x + 4.
(v)
AB = 10 r
r
sin =
10 r
5
5
1
=
=
sin =
125 5 5
5
r
1
=
10 r
5
r 5 = 10 r
r + r 5 = 10
r (1 + 5 ) = 10
r=
10
10(1 5 ) 5
=
=
4
2
1+ 5
5 1 .
a + b = 6
3a + b = 2
....(1)
.....(2)
9.
(i)
(a)
f ( x ) = 3 sin 1 (1 2 x )
(b)
Domain:
1 1 2 x 1
2 2 x 0
1 x 0
0 x 1
Range:
3 y 3
2
2
3
3
2
2
(c)
f :
y = 3 sin 1 (1 2 x )
x = 3 sin 1 (1 2 y)
f 1 :
x
= sin 1 (1 2 y )
3
x
sin = 1 2 y
3
x
2 y = 1 sin
3
y=
1
x
1 sin .
3
2
(ii)
y = 3x + 1
2 x + 3 = 3x + 1
2 = 5x
2
1
=x y=2
5
5
y = (3x + 1)
2 x + 3 = 3x 1
x = 4 y = 11.
Now read off the points along the x axis where y = 2 x 3 < y = 3x + 1
i.e. where the first graph is below the second graph.
x < 4
x>
2
.
5
(iii)
= n
and
also
+ + = m
2 = k
k
2
2n
k
= n =
2
k
2n
( + ) + = 2 +
=m
k
k 2 2n
+
=m
4
k
k 3 + 8n = 4 km
k 3 4 km + 8n = 0
(iv)
(1 + x ) n = c0 + c1 x + c2 x 2 + c3 x 3 +................+ cn 1 x n 1 + cn x n
(a)
( 1 x ) n = c0 c1 x + c2 x 2 c3 x 3 +.................. cn 1 x n 1 + cn x n [n is even]
(1 + x ) n + (1 x ) n = 2[c0 + c2 x 2 + c4 x 4 +.....................+ cn x n ]
..........(1)
(b)
12
12
12
12
12
12 12 12
+ +
10 12
2r = 0 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8
r =0
(c)
12
2r 5
2r
r =0
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
= 50 + 52 + 54 + 56 + 58 + 510 + 512
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
The above expansion is the sum of the even co - efficients in the expansion
(1 + x ) 12 where x = 5.
The sum of the even co - efficients is found by using (1 + x ) 12 + (1 x ) 12 .
Now if x = 5, then:
6
12
2r 5
2r
= [(1 + 5) 12 + (1 5) 12 ] 2
r =0
= [612 + ( 4) 12 ] 2
= [612 + 4 12 ] 2
= [312 2 12 + 2 12 2 12 ] 2
2 12 [312 + 2 12 ]
2
11 12
= 2 [3 + 2 12 ].
a = 11 and b = 12.
=
10.
(i)
f ( x ) = sin 1 ( x ) + sin 1
( 1 x )
2
2 x
f '( x ) =
1
1 x
2 1 x2
1 (1 x 2 )
Since
d
dx
[ 1 x ] = 2 12xx
2
x
=
=
=
1
1 x2
1
1 x2
1
1 x2
= 0.
(i)
(b)
1 x2
x2
x
1 x2
x
Since x = x , if 0 x 1
1 x2
.
2
The graph of this function is shown below.
So
f ( x)dx = 1 2
0
y = ln(xy 2 )
(ii)
= ln x + ln( y 2 )
= ln x + 2 ln y
1 dy
dy 1
= + 2
dx x
y dx
dy 2 dy 1
=
dx y dx x
2 1
dy
1 =
dx
y x
dy
=
dx
1
x
2
y
dy
y
.
=
dx xy 2 x
1
Now when y = 3
3 = ln( x 32 )
3 = ln(9 x )
e3 = 9x
So
e3
=x
9
dy
3
= 3
dx e
e3
(3) 2
9
9
27
3e 2e 3
27
= 3.
e
=
(iii)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
4 1
=
36 9
9
1
3
(b) P (5 or 8) =
=
P(second throw) =
36 4
4
(c) To win on second throw he must first not get a result on first throw and to win on third
throw he must not get a result on first two throws.
1 3 1 3 3 1
P(win on 1st , 2nd, or 3rd throw) = + +
9 4 9 4 4 9
1
1
a
4
(d) S =
= 9 = 9 =
3
1
1 r 1
9
4 4
(a) P(5) =
(iv)
To answer this question we try to sketch the graph of y = P(x) and see if the
graph cuts the x axis at 3 different points.
P(x)
3
2
= 2x 9x + 12x k
6x 2 18x + 12 = 0
x 2 3x + 2 = 0
(x 2)(x 1) = 0
x = 1, 2.
P(1) = 2 9 + 12 k
= 5k
P(2) = 16 36 + 24 k
= 4k
We can see that when the maximum point and the minimum point are on opposite
sides of the x - axis, then our function will have 3 distinct roots.
So
(5 k)(4 k) < 0
4 < k < 5.
SAMPLE B
(SOLUTIONS)
Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes
Copyright 2011
1.
(i)
4 x 6 < 3(2 x)
(ii)
6 20 3 45 = a 5
4 x 6 < 6 3x
7 x < 12
12
x<
7
(iii)
12 5 9 5 = a 5
2
t 3 dt =
3 5= a 5
a = 3
(iv)
y = x 2 + kx 4
5
3t 3
Substitute (1,5)
5= 1 k 4
k=2
5
5
3 3
= 8 13
3
= (32 1)
5
3
= 31
5
3
= 18
5
(vi)
(v)
log 2 (3 x 2 x + 1)
3 x = 81x +3
= log 2 (81 18 + 1)
3 x = 3 4 x +12
= log 2 64
= log 2 2
x 2 = 4 x + 12
x 2 4 x 12 = 0
( x 6)( x + 2) = 0
x = 6, x = 2
=6
(vii)
y = ln(5 x 1)
(viii)
3x + 1 = 8
0 = ln(5 x 1)
3x + 1 = 8
5x 1 = e
5x 1 = 1
5x = 2
2
x=
5
2
( ,0)
5
3x = 7
7
x=
3
or
3x + 1 = 8
3x = 9
x = 3
2.
(i)
(a)
(b)
d
(3x 2 5) 4
dx
= 4(3x 2 5) 3 .6 x
d
=
e
dx
= 24 x(3 x 2 5) 3
(c )
d
e5x
dx
5
= e
2
5x
2
5x
2
d 2
x ln( x + 1)
dx
= 2 x. ln( x + 1) + x 2 .
1
x +1
x2
= 2 x ln( x + 1) +
x +1
(ii)
(a) y = 9 x 2
y
3
-3
(b)
y = 1 + ln x
domain x > 0
vertical asymptote x = 0
x intercept 1 + ln x = 0
ln x = 1
1
x=e
1
x=
e
1/e
(iii)
(iv)
3
x 1
y = 3( x 1) 2
y=
20
(4r + 1) = 5 + 9 + 13 + + 81
r =1
n
(a + l )
2
20
=
(5 + 81)
2
= 10 86
= 860
=
3
( x 1) 2
3
y (4) = 2
3
1
=
3
=
(v)
If < PQR = then tan = 3
Now < PRQ =< PQR =
gradient of PR is tan(180 0 )
tan(180 0 )= tan = 3
gradient of PR is 3
1
3
3.
(i)
3x 2 + 4 x 3 = 0
4
b
=
3
a
c 3
(b) = =
= 1
a 3
(c) 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2 2
4
= ( ) 2 2 1
3
19
= +2
9
7
=3
9
3
3
(d ) + = ( + )( 2 + 2 )
(a) + =
4 7
= ( ) 3 + 1
3 9
4 43
=
3 9
172
=
27
10
= 6
27
(ii)
A = t 3 6t 2 + 4
dA
= 3t 2 12t
dt
3t 2 12t > 0
3t (t 4) > 0
consider graph of y = 3t (t 4)
solution t < 0 or t > 4
(iii)
d
1
(a)
( x ln x x) =1. ln x + x. 1
dx
x
= ln x + 1 1
= ln x
(iv)
(a ) P0 = 20000
when t = 10, P = 16380
16380 = 20000e 10 k
0.819 = e 10 k
ln 0.819 = 10k
ln 0.819
k=
10
k = 0.020 (3 decimal places)
(b) In year 2000 t = 20
P = 20000e 0.02020
= 13400 (nearest hundred)
4.
(i)
d
tan(6 x)
dx
= sec 2 (6 x)
(ii)
(a)
sec
5 x dx =
1
tan 5 x + c
5
(b)
sin xe
cos x
ln x dx = x ln x x
= e ln e e 0 + 1
= e 1 e + 1
=1
(iii)
CD 2 = 25 2 + 40 2 2 25 40 cos 20
= 625 + 1600 2000 cos 20
= 345.61
CD = 18.6 km
(a)
D
C
25
40
20
1
25 40 sin 20
2
= 171 km 2
(b) Area =
(iv)
(a ) Area = x 2 (3 x) dx
0
3
= 3x 2 x 3 dx
0
3
x4
= x3
4 0
81
= 27 0
4
3
= 6 square units
4
(b) Volume = x 4 (3 x) 2 dx
0
3
= x 4 (9 6 x 2 + x 2 ) dx
0
3
= 9 x 4 6 x 5 + x 6 dx
0
3
9x5 6x 6 x 7
=
+
6
7 0
5
2187
2187
=
729 +
7
5
729
=
35
5.
(a)
(x + 3)2 = x 2 + 6 x + 9
x 2 2x + 1
x 2 + 6 x + 9 x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
x 4 + 6x 3 + 9x 2
2 x 3 11x 2 12 x
2 x 3 12 x 2 18 x
x 2 + 6x + 9
x 2 + 6x + 9
0
y=0
(1,0)
y = 16
y=0
(1,16)
(3,0)
(d)
P ( x) = 12 x 2 + 24 x 4
P (1) = 32 (1,0) is a minimum point
P (1) = 16 (1,16) is a maximum point
P (3) = 32 (3,0) is a minimum point
(e)
y
(-1,16)
-3
(f)
y = 9 12 x
y = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
9 12 x = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9
x 4 + 4x3 2x 2 = 0
x 2 ( x 2 + 4 x 2) = 0
x = 0,
x 2 + 4x 2 = 0
4 16 + 8
2
4 24
=
2
42 6
=
2
= 2 6
x=
(g)
We can use the previous parts of the question
x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 > 0 is equivalent to x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9 > 12 x + 9
Therefore we draw on the same diagram the graphs of
y = x 4 + 4 x 3 2 x 2 12 x + 9 (see part v) and y = 12 x + 9 (straight line)
Note that from part vi we know that the line cuts the curve at x = 2 + 6 and x = 2 6
and touches the curve at x = 0 (double root)
f(x)
-2-6
-2+6
6.
(i)
(a)
d sin 1 x
1
e
sin 1 x
=
2
dx
1 x
(b)
d
ex
sin 1 (e x ) =
dx
1 e2x
(c )
(ii)
(a)
d
d
ln(cos 2 3 x) =
2 ln(cos 3x)
dx
dx
3 sin 3x
=2
cos 3 x
= 6 tan 3x
a + d , a + 3d , a + 4d form a GP
a + 3d a + 4d
=
a+d
a + 3d
a 2 + 6ad + 9d 2 = a 2 + 5ad + 4d 2
ad + 5d 2 = 0
d (a + 5d ) = 0
d = 0 (reject) or a = 5d
11
(2a + 10d )
2
11
= (10d + 10d )
2
=0
S11 =
(b)
22
(2a + 21d )
2
= 11(10d + 21d )
= 11 11d
= 121d
S 22 =
(iii)
(a) RHS = x 2 ( x 2 n y 2 n ) + y 2 n ( x 2 y 2 )
= x 2n+2 x 2 y 2n + y 2n x 2 y 2n+2
= x 2n+2 y 2n+2
(b)
Put n = 1
2n
2n
=x y
= ( x y )( x + y )
= P( x, y )( x + y )
2k
2k
2 ( k +1)
2 ( k +1)
Proof
LHS = x
2k +2
2
= x (x
2k
2k +2
2k
2k
2k
2k
7.
(i)
3
1
3 x 2 e x dx
3
1 2
= ex + c
3
(a) x 2 e x dx =
3
(b)
(c )
1
dx = sin 1 2 x + c
2
1 4x
2
x
1 4x 2
dx = x(1 4 x 2 )
1
2
dx
1
1
= 8 x(1 4 x 2 ) 2 dx
8
1
2 2
4x )
1 (1
=
1
8
2
+c
1
1 2
= (1 4 x 2 ) 2 + c
8 1
=
1 4x 2
+c
4
(ii)
R
5-y
B
5
y
P
6-x
(a)
) SA 2 = 25 + (6 x) 2
) SB 2 = 36 + (5 y ) 2
) AB 2 = x 2 + y 2
(b)
SB 2 = SA 2 + AB 2
36 + (5 y ) 2 = 25 + (6 x) 2 + x 2 + y 2
36 + 25 10 y + y 2 = 25 + 36 12 x + x 2 + x 2 + y 2
10 y
= 12 x + 2 x 2
10 y
=12 x 2 x 2
12
2
x x2
10
10
6
1
y = x x2
5
5
y=
(c)
dy 6 2
= x
dx 5 5
2
d2y
=
2
5
dx
maximum y when
6 2
x=0
5 5
6 2x = 0
2x = 6
x=3
6
1
3 32
5
5
18 9 9
y= =
5 5 5
y=
4
metres
5
(d)
1
xy
2
1 6x 1
= x( x 2 )
2 5 5
3x 2 x 3
=
5
10
2
6 x 3x
A =
5
10
6 6x
A =
5 10
6 x 3x 2
put A = 0
=0
5
10
12 x 3x 2 = 0
3 x(4 x) = 0
Area =
x = 0 (reject) x = 4
6 24
6
= <0
5 10
5
A is maximum when x = 4
A(4) =
3 16 64
5
10
32
=
10
= 3.2 m 2
Amax =
8.
(i)
By t method
8 cos x sin x = 4
1 t2
2t
8(
)
=4
2
1+ t
1+ t2
8 8t 2 2t = 4 + 4t 2
12t 2 + 2t 4 = 0
6t 2 + t 2 = 0
(3t + 2)(2t 1) = 0
2
1
t= , t=
3
2
2
x
x 1
tan = , tan =
2
3
2 2
x
x
= 146.30 0
= 26.57 0
2
2
0
x = 292.62
x = 53.130
x = 292 0 37
x = 530 7
tan =
65 cos( x + 7 08) = 4
cos( x + 7 0 8) =
65
= 0.4961
or 292 0 37
(ii)
(a)
put tan 1 a = then tan = a
since a > 0 we know that is an acute angle and we put it in a right angled triangle
/2-
1
a
2
1
i.e. = tan 1 ( )
a
2
1
= + tan 1 ( )
2
a
clearly tan(
) =
1
= tan 1 a + tan 1 ( )
a
2
(b)
1
dx
1 1 + 9 x 2 dx
1
1
tan 1 3 x 1
1 1
1
tan 3 tan 1 ( )
3
3
1 1
1
tan 3 + tan 1 ( )
3
3
1
=
3 2
=
(iii)
(a)
We solve simultaneously
y = 2mx m 2
y = x2
2mx m 2 = x 2
x 2 2mx + m 2 = 0
= 4m 2 4m 2 = 0
one solution when we solve simultaneously
line and parabola only intersect once
line is tangent to parabola
(b)
y = 2mx m 2
sub (2,0)
0 = 4m m 2
m( 4 m) = 0
m = 0, m = 4
(c)
(iv)
(a)
2 x + 7 = a ( x + 2) + b ( x 1)
Put x = 1 : 9 = 3a
a = 3
Put x = 2 : 3 = 3b
b = 1
2 x + 7 = 3 ( x + 2) ( x 1)
(b)
2x + 7
3( x + 2) ( x 1)
dx =
dx
( x + 2)( x 1)
( x + 2) ( x 1)
3
1
=
dx
dx
x 1
x+2
= 3 ln x 1 ln x + 2 + c
9.
(i)
(a) 3k 2 + 6k 1 = 0
6 36 + 12
6
6 48
k=
6
k = 0.15 or 2.15
k=
(b)
kx 2 + (k + 1) x + (k + 2) = 0
quadratic with real roots if
k 0 and = (k + 1) 4k (k + 2) 0
( k + 1) 2 4k ( k + 2) 0
k 2 + 2 k + 1 4 k 2 8k 0
3k 2 6k + 1 0
-215
015
3k 2 + 6k 1 0
from (a) roots are - 2.15 and 0.15
from sketch of y = 3k 2 + 6k 1 solution is
2.15 k 0.15 (k 0)
(c)
a<b<c
OR
(a )
= cos( )
r
4
OR = r cos( )
4
2
Area = OR
= r 2 cos 2 (
1
(b) Area of sector = r 2
2
1
= r 2 [ 2( )]
2
2
4
1
= r 2 (2 )
2
= r 2
1
Area of square
2
1
r 2 = r 2 cos 2 ( )
2
4
Area of sector =
2 = cos 2 (
1
(1 + cos 2 x)
2
1
2 = [1 + cos( 2 )]
2
2
using cos 2 x =
4 = 1 + cos(
4 = 1 + sin 2
sin 2 = 4 1
2 )
10.
(i)
P
2t
45
R
x
= cos 45 0
2t
x = 2t cos 45 0
1
x = 2t
2
= 2t
(b) ( ) length of diagonal = k 2 + k 2
= 2k 2
= 2k
1
2k
length =
4
4
distance
2k
2k
=
2 =
time =
sec onds
speed
4
8
(ii)(b) ( )
21
PB = 2t
BR = 2t
PR 2 = PB 2 BR 2
= 4t 2 2t 2
= 2t 2
PR = 2t
from similar triangles
QB AB
=
PR AR
PR AB
QB =
AR
2t k
=
k 2t
d
k 2 (k 2t ) 2 k 2t
QB =
dt
(k 2t ) 2
k 2 2 2kt + 2kt
(k 2t ) 2
k2 2
(k 2t ) 2
2k
8
put t =
d
QB =
dt
=
k2 2
(k
k2
2 2k 2
)
8
2
k
4
k2 2
3k
( )2
4
2
k 2 16
=
2
1
9k
=
16 2
9
SAMPLE C
(SOLUTIONS)
Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes
Copyright 2011
a 2 = 7 2 + 17 2 2 7 17 cos 46
a 131
. (3 significant figures) since a > 0
ii)
5 ( 3k ) + 4 ( 2) = 7
15k = 15
k =1
1.
d
x 1 2 x
tan = sec
dx
2 2
2
iii)
iv)
lim
x 0
x2 + 4x
x ( x + 4)
= lim
x 0
3x
3x
x+4
= lim
x 0
3
4
=
3
v)
9 x 3 72 y 3
= 9( x 3 8 y 3 )
= 9( x 2 y )( x 2 + 2 xy + 4 y 2 )
vi)
1
= ( x + 1) dx
x x +
x2
=
+x+k
2
vii)
1
area = r 2
2
1
5
= 4
2
6
=
5
3
4 x = 8x
2
viii)
( 22 ) x
= ( 23 )
22 x = 23x
2
2 x 2 = 3x
2 x 2 3x = 0
x ( 2 x 3) = 0
x = 0,
3
2
ix)
cos =
2
3
tan =
2.
i)
5
2
x 1 = 2 x 5 or
x=4
x 1 = 2 x + 5
3x = 6
x=2
Checking shows only x = 4 satisfies
ii) a)
3 (1)
1 5
2
=
3
For 4 x + 6 y = 5
4
2
m= =
6
3
mAB =
b)
1 + 5 3 + ( 1)
M
,
M ( 2,1)
2
2
line AB
line 4 x + 6 y = 5
c)
3
2
3
y 1 = (x 2)
2
2 y 2 = 3x 6
3 x 2 y 4 = 0 is the equation of the
perpendicular bisector
d)
2
2
d AM = ( 1 2) + ( 3 1)
= 9+4
= 13
r = 13
y = x ln x
iii)
and when x = e 2
1
y = ln x + x
x
= ln x + 1
y = ln e 2 + 1
=3
Gradient of tangent is 3.
log 2 x + log 2 ( x + 6) = 4
iv)
log 2 ( x 2 + 6 x ) = 4
x 2 + 6x = 24
x 2 + 6 x 16 = 0
( x + 8) ( x 2) = 0
x = 8, 2
but x > 0 x = 2 only.
3.
i) a)
b)
original is y = x + 2
inverse is x =
y+2
x2 = y + 2
y = x2 2
f 1 ( x) = x 2 2
f 1 (3) = 9 2 = 7
ii)
a) P( F ) =
16
27
(b) P ( FF ) =
16 15 40
=
27 26 117
c) n( FUJ ) = n( F ) + n( J ) n( F J )
27 = 16 + 22 n( F J )
n( F J ) = 38 27 = 11
P( F J ) =
11
27
iii)
2
1
V =
dx
1 3x + 2
=
=
=
[ ln( 3x + 2) ] 12
[ ln 8 ln 5]
ln
8
5
= 0.492
Volume is 0.492 cubic units (to 3 decimal places)
iv)
cosecx + cot x
1
1
=
+
sin x tan x
1+ t2 1 t2
=
+
2t
2t
1+ t2 +1 t2
=
2t
2
=
2t
1
=
t
4.
i) a)
3
2
b)
1
area = e x + 2 dx
1
= [ e x + 2 x]11
= (e 1 + 2) (e1 2)
1
= + e + 4
e
ii)
y
y = 3 cos 1 ( x 2)
Domain : X = {x : 1 x 3}
Range : Y = {y : 0 y 3 }
iii)
f ( x) = x 3 6 x 2 + 11x 6
f ( x) = 3 x 2 12 x + 11
f ( x0 )
x1 = x0
f ( x 0 )
f (2)
f (2)
8 24 + 22 6
= 2
12 24 + 11
= 2
1
= 2
= 2
iv)
Let the roots be
a
, a, ar
r
Product of roots a 3 =
a=
2
1
=
16
8
1
2
1 1 r
, ,
2r 2 2
1 1 r 26
Sum of roots = =
2r 2 2 16
26 2r
1+ r + r2 =
16
13r
1+ r + r2 =
4
2
4 + 4r + 4r = 13r
4r 2 + 17 r + 4 = 0
(4r + 1)(r + 4) = 0
r=
1 1
Roots are 2, ,
2 8
1
r = 4
4
(both values of r give same roots)
5.
i)
a)
b)
c)
d 1 x
1
sin
=
dx
3
9 x2
d x+2 d
ln(
) =
ln( x + 2) ln( x 2)
dx x 2 dx
1
1
=
x+2 x2
( )
d
e
dx
1
= x 2e
2
1
2 x
y = 3x 2 + 1
ii) a)
At A, x = 1
y = 3(1) 2 + 1
Gradient is 4
3x 2 + 1 = 4
b)
3x 2 = 3
x2 = 1
x = 1
A is the point where x = 1
When x = 1, y = 4 B(1, 4)
Equation :
y 4 = 4( x 1)
y 4 = 4x 4
y = 4x
c)
y = 4x
(1)
y = x + x+2
( 2)
4x = x + x + 2
3
x 3 3x + 2 = 0
Test x = 2
(2) 3 3 (2) + 2 = 8 + 6 + 2 = 0
C is (2,8)
Alternative solution :
x 3 3x + 2 = 0 has roots , ,
2 + = 0
(1)
+ 2 = 3
( 2)
= 2
(1) = 2 and substituting into (3)
(3)
2 (2 ) = 2
2 3 = 2
3=1
=1
= 2
C is (2, 8) and B is (1, 4)
Area =
d)
(x
1
3x + 2) dx
x 4 3x 2
=
+ 2x
2
4
2
1
1 3
16 12
= + 2
+ ( 4)
4 2
4
2
3
= 6 square units.
4
6.
(i)
(a)
When t = 0 , N = 1 2 10 6
A = 1 2 10 6
so N = 1 2 10 6 e k t
When t = 5 , N = 1 8 10 6
1 8 10 6 = 1 2 10 6 e 5k
divide both sides by 1 2 10 6
1 5 = e 5k
5k = ln 1 5
1
k = ln 1 5
5
k = 0 081 (3 d.p.)
(b)
when t = 14
N = 1 2 10 6 e 0081 14
= 3 7 10 6
(c)
When N = 3 5 10 6
3 5 10 6 = 1 2 10 6 e 0081 t
divide both sides by 1 2 10 6
2 92 = e 0081 t
0 081t = ln 2 92
t 13 23
After 13 days there were 3 5 10 6 insects in the colony.
(d)
dN
= 0 081 1 2 10 6 e 0081 t
dt
dN
= 97200 e 0081 t
dt
When t = 8
dN
= 97200 e 0081 8
dt
= 185818 5596
= 190000 (2sig.fig)
The rate at which the colony of insects was increasing after
8 days is 190000 insects per day.
ii) a)
b)
y=
2
x +1
( )
2
> 0 when above x axis. Domain is x > 1
x +1
iii)
1 k
)
2x3
1
20
C k x 20 4 k (1) k ( ) k
2
put 20 4k = 0
k =5
1
1
term is 20 C 5 x 0 (1) 5 ( ) 5 = 484
2
2
General term is
20
C k x 20 k (
7.
i)
a) x > 0
1 1
x x2
1 1
=0
x x2
x 1
=0
x2
x =1
y =1
1
2
y = 2 + 3
x
x
y (1) = 1
therefore (1,1) is a minimum turning point
therefore minimum value is y = 1
b) y =
c) y = 0
1
2
2 + 3 =0
x
x
x+2
=0
x3
x = 2 is a possible point of inflection
x
y
1
1
2
0
3
-1/27
(1,1)
2
ii)
a) Stationary points when f ( x ) = 0 , i.e. at x = 0, 4
Test x = 0
x
f
0
+
0
0
0+
+
Test x = 4
x
f
4
+
4
0
4+
8.
a)
i)
sin 2 x dx =
1 cos 2 x
1
1
1
dx = 1 cos 2 x dx = ( x sin 2 x) + c
2
2
2
2
b)
2
x dx = 1 9 dx
9 + x2 9 + x2
x
= x 3 tan 1 + C
3
ii)
a)
9
1 ( )3
10
9 n
) > 0.99
10
0.01 > (0.9) n
nlog(0.9)<log(0.01)
log 0.01
n>
NB reversal of inequality as dividing by a negative
log 0.9
n > 43.7
Ans n = 44
b) 1 (
iii)
P
6 cm
6 cm
Area of PQR = A
1
A = 6 6 sin
2
A = 18sin
dA
d
= 18 cos
dt
dt
=
Also
dA
= 3 cm 2 / s
dt
3 = 18 cos
6 dt
18 3 d
3=
dt
2
d
3= 9 3
dt
d
1
=
dt
3 3
d
3
radians / second
=
dt
9
9.
(i)
R = 32 + 32 = 18 = 3 2
3
tan = = 1 =
3
4
(a)
period = 2
Amplitude = 3 2
(b)
(c)
y
6
(/4,32)
4
2
-/4
-2
7/4
3/4
-4
(5/4,-32)
-6
ii)
(a)
x 2 + ( y r)2 = r 2
x 2 + y 2 2 yr + r 2 = r 2
x 2 = 2 yr y 2
(b)
Volume = 2 yr y 2 dy
0
y3 h
]0
3
h3
= [h 2 r ]
3
= [ y 2r
4
I 1 = tan d
0
iii) a)
4 sin
=
d
0 cos
4
= ln cos
0
1
= ln
+ ln 1
2
= ln 2
b)
1
2
1
ln 2
2
I n + I n2
4
= tan n + tan n 2 d
0
= tan n 2 tan 2 + 1 d
0
4
= tan n 2 sec 2 d
0
tan n1 4
1
=
=
n 1 0 n 1
c)
When n = 3 , I 3 + I 1 =
so I 3 =
1
1
=
3 1 2
1 1
ln 2
2 2
1
1
=
5 1 4
1 1 1
1 1
So I 5 = + ln 2 = + ln 2
4 2 2
4 2
When n = 5 , I 5 + I 3 =
10.
3
5
3
cos x =
5
Let x = cos 1
i)
1
2
1
tan y =
2
y = tan 1
and
So
sin x =
4
,
5
1
5
2
cos y =
5
sin y =
3
1
5
2
= sin x cos y + cos x sin y
4
2
3 1
+
5
5
5
5
8
3
=
+
5 5
5 5
=
11 5
25
ii) a)
b)
C1 x nC1 x
=
1+ 2
3
n
2
n
C2 x
C2 x 2
=
T3 =
2+2
4
n
3
n
Cx
C x3
T4 = 3 = 3
3+ 2
5
T2 =
n
n
n C0 n C1
C2 2
Cn n
+
x2 y = x2
x+
x +"+
x
3
4
n+2
2
( n )
( n1 ) 3 ( 2n ) 4
( nn ) n+2
0
2
=
x +
x +
x +"+
x
3
4
n+2
19
c)
()
()
( )
= x
[( ) + ( ) x + ( ) x
n
0
n
1
= x(1 + x )
d)
()
()
(n + 2) nn x n +1
2 n0
3 1n 2
4 2n 3
d 2
x y =
x +
x +
x + " +
( n + 2)
2
3
4
dx
n
2
+ " +
( )x ]
n
n
( u n+1 u n ) du
u n+2
u n +1
+ K
n+2
n +1
(1 + x ) n+2
( 1 + x ) n+1
2
+ K
So x y =
n+2
n +1
=
Let x = 0
1
1
n +1
n+2
n+ 2
(1 + x)
( 1 + x ) n+1
1
1
2
x y =
+
n+2
n+2
n +1
n +1
n+ 2
n +1
(1 + x) 1 (1 + x) 1
=
( n + 2)
(n + 1)
K =
r+2 .
Cr
r =0
n+2
n +1
n+2
+ 2 n + 2 n 1 n.2 n +1 2.2 n +1 + n + 2
n.2
=
(n + 1) (n + 2)
=
n.2 n +1 + 1
(n + 1) (n + 2)
r =0
Cr
n.2 n +1 + 1
=
n+2
(n + 1) (n + 2)
n
SAMPLE D
(SOLUTIONS)
Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes
Copyright 2011
(vii)
Question 1
(i)
d=
x 2 +2 x 2 =8
let m = x 2
( 5 1)2 + (6 + 2)2
m 2 + 2m 8 = 0
(m + 4)(m 2) = 0
= 36 + 64
= 10
(ii)
m = 4
or
x 2 = 4
x 2=2
x = 2
x =4
no real solution
2
8
(
(
)
)
(iii )
sin 180 D +
sin
=
D
cos
cos 180
= tan
(iv )
y = ln 4 x 2
dy
= 2 + 6x 2
dx
y = 2x + 2x3 + c
Substitute (1, 3)
3= 2+2+c
c = 1
y = 2x + 2x3 1
4 x2 > 0
Domain = {x : 2 < x < 2}
(v )
1
1
sin 1 + cos 1 =
4 2
4
(vi)
5 2x3
divide top & bottom by x 3
x x 3 + 4 x
5
2
3
x
= lim
x
4
1+ 2
x
= 2
lim
(viii )
(property)
m=2
x = 16
Question 2
(i )
(b )
(a )
f ( x) = e x . 2 x + x 2 . e x
(a )
( )
= e x 2x + x2
2
d 5 x 2
e
= 2 xe 5 x
dx
f ( x) = 0 at stationary points
ex = 0
or
no solution
=
dx cos x
cos 2 x
cos x + x sin x
cos 2 x
x=0
2x + x2 = 0
x(2 + x ) = 0
x = 2
or
y=0
y=
4
e2
f ( x) = 2 x + x 2 e x + e x (2 + 2 x )
(i )
(a )
(k + 2)x 2 + (k + 2)x + k = 0
For no real roots, < 0
= ex
(k + 2)2 4k (k + 2) < 0
(k + 2)(2 3k ) < 0
2
3
k < 2 k >
+ 4x + 2
2
3
(c )
(2 sig figs)
2)
3
(-2, 42 )
k > 2 :
2
(k < 2 k > 23 ) :
k>
(iii )
f ( x) = x 2e x
2
3
At x = 2, f ( x) = e 2 (2) < 0.
If f ( x) = (k + 2 )x 2 + (k + 2 )x + k
is positive for all x then
At x = 0, f ( x) > 0.
(0, 0) is a minimum turning point.
(b )
(b )
(
(x
= e x 2x + x 2 + 2 + 2x
2
3
Question 3
(i)
(a)
5
6
(2 x 3) dx = 12 (2 x 3) + c
(b)
2 x + 1 dx
2
x +x+4
= ln ( x 2 + x + 4) + c
(c)
dx
2
x + 6 x + 10
1
=
dx
2
( x + 3) + 1
(b)
= tan 1 ( x + 3) + c
(ii)
(a)
x
y = cos 1
2
x
1 1
2
D: 2 x 2
R : 0 y
k
2
2
19
1 19
k = 2 =
27
3 6
3
or k = 2 (2) 2 = 12
2
2
2
2 =
k = 2 2
(b)
(iii)
3 2 5 2 = 0
(3 + 1) ( 2) = 0
1
= , 2
3
19
3
= ,
6
2
1 19
1
Roots are , ,
3
3 6
3
or 2, 2,
2
2 x 3 5x 2 4 x + k = 0
5
(a)
+ + =
2
5
= 2
2
2
+ + = 2
2 + 2 = 2
Substitute (*) into (**).
5
2 + 2 2 = 2
2
2
2
+ 5 4 = 2
(*)
(**)
Question 4
(i)
sin 2 2
lim
2
0
sin 2 sin 2
= lim
4
2 0
2
2
= 1 1 4 = 4
Alternative solution
(2 sin cos ) 2
lim
2
sin 2
= lim 4
cos 2
2
0
= 4 1 1 = 4
(ii)
(a)
I = I 0 e k t
dI
= kI 0 e k t = kI
dt
(b)
Substitute I =
1
I0 , t = 2
2
into I = I 0 e k t
0 5 = e 2 k
ln 0 5
=k
2
k = 0 347
(c)
(iii)
1
= e 0347 t
1000
1
ln
1000 = t
0 347
t = 19 907...
19 9 seconds
C k m 5 k n k
(a)
(b)
Coefficient of x 2 is
1 5C 2 m 3 n 2 + 1 5C1 m 4 n1
= 10m 3 n 2 + 5m 4 n
Coefficient of x 3 is
1 5C 3 m 2 n 3 + 1 5C 2 m 3 n 2
= 10m 2 n 3 + 10m 3 n 2
Question 5
(i)
1
3
(a)
1
3
1
3
1
3
2
3
C
I
2
3
2
3
5 5
= cos
cos
6 12
6 12
2
3
= 3
(a)
1
1
=
81
3
4
1
x
f (0 8) = 0 22 < 0
f (0 9) = 0 15 > 0
root between 0 8 and 0 9
1
1
= =
27
3
(b)
1
1
=
9
3
(d)
(ii)
x2 = 0 9
base angle =
2x =
= 0 86
(0 2 x 2 )
i.e. 2 x =
5
6
6
5
(0 x )
x= ,
12 12
Points of intersection are
5
,1 and ,1
12
12
(b)
f ( x) = tan x
1
x
f ( x) = sec 2 x +
2 sin 2 x = 1
1
sin 2 x =
2
(a)
1
x
1
tan x = 0
x
tan x =
Let f ( x) = tan x
1 1 2
+
3 3 3
(c)
3
= 0 68485...
(iii)
(b)
3 5
3
+
+
2 12
2 12
5
12
Area = (2 sin 2 x 1) dx
12
12
= cos 2 x x
12
1
x2
0 15
sec 2 0 9 +
1
(0 9) 2
Question 6
tan 45 =
(i)
m2
1 + 2m
(iii)
m2
1 + 2m
m2
or
=1
1 + 2m
m 2 = 2m + 1
m = 3
(a)
1=
(ii)
(a)
m2
= 1
1 + 2m
m 2 = 1 2 m
3m = 1
1
m=
3
d
( x sin 1 2 x)
dx
(b)
= 1 sin 1 2 x + x
2
1 4x 2
2x
= sin 1 2 x +
1 4x 2
d
2x
( x sin 1 2 x) = sin 1 2 x +
dx
1 4x 2
d
2x
sin 1 2 x =
( x sin 1 2 x)
dx
1 4x 2
1
4
So sin 1 2 x
0
dx
1
4
1
4
2x
= x sin 1 2 x
2
0
0 1 4 x
dx
1
4
1
1
1
= sin 1 8 x(1 4 x 2 ) 2 dx
2 4
4
1 4
1
1 (1 4 x 2 ) 2
=
+
1
4 6
4
1 3
+
1
24 2 4
24
y = x
1
y= 2
x
1
x= 2
x
1
x= 4
x
5
x =1
x =1
(1,1)
3 1
4 2
3
2
2
x dx + x dx = 2
1
0
1
k
2 32
3
1
x + =
3 0 x 1 2
2 1 3
+ +1 =
3 k 2
3
1 2
= +1
k 3
2
1 1
=
k 6
k =6
Question 7
(i)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(ii)
a(1 r n )
1 r
1 n
200 1
3
=
2
3
1
= 300 1 n
3
Sn =
S =
(c)
(a)
(b)
y = ln x
x=e
y = ln e = 1
(e, 1)
e
x
a
200
=
= 300
1
1 r
1
3
y = ln x
y = ln x
ey = x
x 2 = e 2 y
0
V = (e 2 e 2 y ) dy
1
0
= e 2 y + e 2 y
2
1
1
1
= 0 + e 2 + e 2
2
2
1
1
= + e2 e2
2
2
1 1
= + e2
2 2
=
(1 + e 2 )
1
= ln1 +
Question 8
(i ) (a ) ( )
t = tan
t
2
dt 1
x
= sec 2
dx 2
2
x
1
= tan 2 + 1
2
2
1
= t 2 +1
2
dx
2
=
dt 1 + t 2
( )
1 + sin x + cos x
1 t2
2t
= 1+
+
1+ t2 1+ t2
1 + t 2 + 2t + 1 t 2
=
1+ t2
2 + 2t
=
1+ t2
(ii )(a )
(b )
3 2dt
1+ t2
Integral =
2 + 2t
0 1 + t 2
x = 0 , t = 0
x = 3 , t = tan 6 = 3
2
3
=
dt
0 2 + 2t
1
3
= ln (1 + t )
1
= ln1 +
ln 1
3
3
y
1
Total Capacity = 4 3 = 4
3
4 3 1
y = 4
27
2
27
y3 =
2
27
y=3
2
2 38
(c )
dV 12 2 dy
y
=
dt
27
dt
4
dy
1 = 4
9
dt
dy 9
=
dt 16
3 1
=
dt
0 1 + t
x
2
(b )
dx
3
0 1 + sin x + cos x
9
m./min.
16
Question 9
(i ) (a )
(b )
(ii ) (a )
( )
13 12 11 429
=
14 14 14 686
1
A = 2 xy sin
2
= xy sin
= y 2 cos sin
13 12 11
429
1 = 1
14 14 14
686
257
=
686
30 2
900
2 cos 2 1 + cos = 0
(2 cos 1)(cos + 1) = 0
1
cos =
or cos = 1
2
5
= ,
or =
3 3
1
. sin 2
2
(1 + cos )
450 sin 2
cos 2 + cos = 0
. cos sin
(1 + cos )2
(1 + cos )2
( )
dA
d
(ii ) (b ) ( )
y
x
y
x = y cos
cos =
P = 2x + 2 y
= 2 y cos + 2 y
( )
dA
d
From (a), =
But <
5
3
. =
dA
d
MAX
- 10 -
(iii ) (a )
Question 10
(i ) (a )
R = 3+9
3 sin x + 3 cos x
=2 3
= 2 3 sin x +
3
3
tan
=
= 3
=
3
(b )
(ii ) (a )
2 +
3
3
3 9
,
x+ =
3
4 4
5 23
x= ,
12 12
ax
+ bx + c
x 1 ax + (b a) x + (c b) x c
3
ax 3
12
12 12
412 + 212
+ 32 + "" + 312 =
2
12
0 2
212 212 + 1
2
11 12
= 2 2 +1
=
ax 2
bx 2 + (c b) x
bx 2
12 12 12 2
12
3 + 3 "" + 312 2
12
0 1 2
(1 3)12 =
Let P( x) = ax 3 + (b a) x 2 + (c b) x c
Then, P(1) = a + b a + c b c
=0
( x 1) is a factor of P( x)
(b)
If x = 3 and n = 6,
If x = 3 and n = 6,
sin x + =
3 2
x+
(b )
12 12 12 2
12
+ 3 + 3 + "" + 312
0 1 2
12
2 3 sin x + = 6
3
2n
2n 2n 2n
= + x + x 2 + "" + x 2 n
2n
0 1 2
(1 + 3)12 =
3 sin x + 3 cos x = 6
For
(1 + 2 x )2n
bx
cx c
cx c
0
P( x) = ( x 1)(ax 2 + bx + c)
If P( x) = 0 then x = 1 or ax 2 + bx + c = 0 .
For 3 distinct real roots, ax + bx + c = 0
must have 2 distinct roots where x 1 .
2
So conditions are
b 2 4ac > 0 and a + b + c 0 and a 0 .
12
12
12
412 212 = 2 3 + 33 + "" + 311
11
3
1
12 12
12
412 212
3 + 33 + "" + 311 =
2
1 3
11
= 211 212 1
12 12
12
211 212 1
+ 3 2 + "" + 310 =
3
1 3
11
SAMPLE E
(SOLUTIONS)
Mathematics S
Final
Examination Paper
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Reading Time: 5 minutes
Copyright 2011
Question 1
(vii)
(i)
= r
a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A
a = 4 + 9 2 2 3 cos 37
= 1 84834355
= 1 85
(3 sig. figs)
(ii)
2
3
(viii)
=0
m 2 4m = 0
m=0 m=4
a = 3 d = 2
T20 = a + 19d
d
(sin 2 x ) = 2 cos 2 x
dx
e x x 2 + 1 + 2 xe x
= e x x + 1 + 2x
2
= e x ( x + 1)
5
13
12
cos =
13
sin =
(iv)
(vi)
r=4
(ix)
= 3 + 19( 2 )
= 35
(v)
f ( x ) = 2 cos 3 x
p=
(iii)
l = r
P( x ) = x 3 + 2 x 2 + kx 6
P( 3) = 0
( 3)3 + 2( 3)2 + k ( 3) 6 = 0
27 + 18 3k 6 = 0
3k = 15
k = 5
13
5
12
Question 2
(iv)
(i)
(a)
y = x +1
Inverse:
x = y3 +1
3
1 t2
1 cos A
1+ t2
=
1 + cos A
1 t 2
1+
1+ t2
1+ t 2 1+ t 2
=
1+ t2 +1 t2
2t 2
=
2
2
=t
A
= tan 2
2
1
y = 3 x 1
i.e. f
(ii)
(x ) = 3
x 1
x 3 + 2 x 2 3x + 1 = 0
1 1 1 + +
+ + =
+ + = 3
= 1
=3
(b)
(iii)
(a)
3x
2
3
x 3 3x x + 1
3x 3 9 x
8x + 1
3x 3 x + 1
8x + 1
= 3x + 2
2
x 3
x 3
(b)
A
2
Let t = tan
()
VA:
x= 3
()
OA:
y = 3x
Let A = 30
1 cos 30
1 + cos 30
3
1
2
=
3
1+
2
2 3 2 3
=
2+ 3 2+ 3
tan 2 15 =
= 2 3
tan 15 = 2 3
(tan 15 is positive )
Question 3
(i)
(iii)
(a)
6
V = sec 2 2 x dx
= tan 2 x
2
(b)
(c)
y = sin 1 x
1
x=
y=
4
2
1
y = cos x
1
x=
y=
4
2
1
, lies on both curves
2 4
1
2
( )
1 + ( 2 )( 2 )
2 2
=2 2
{ 3 1}
{ 3 + 1} cubic units
Q
S
1 5
x
=
6
x+6
1
=
4
4x = x + 6
x=2
tip of shadow is 8m from pole
Q
S
x
y
1
1
= 7032
= 2
tan =
1.5
m2 =
y = cos 1 x
1
dy
=
dx
1 x2
x=
tan tan
2
3
4
1.5
(b)
= 2
1
1
(iii)(a)
y = sin 1 x
1
dy
=
dx
1 x2
1
x=
m1 =
2
1
2
yx 1
=
4
y
4 y 4x = y
4
y= x
3
dy 4 dx 4
=
= 05
dt 3 dt 3
2
= m/s
3
yx
Question 4
3
1
(i)
x 2
d
log e
1
dx
x
+
let = cos 1
d
log e x 2 log e ( x + 1)
dx
2
1
=
x x +1
2( x + 1) x
=
x( x + 1)
x+2
= 2
x +x
cos =
3
5
tan =
u = 3 x
du = dx
dx = du
2u 3
du
u2
2 3
=
du
4 u u2
3 4
= 2 ln u +
u 2
3
3
= 2 ln 4 + 2 ln 2 +
4
2
3
= 2 ln 2
4
2u 3 = 3 2 x
2
1
2
1
2
3 2x
dx
2
1 (3 x )
x = 1, u = 4
= tan 1
(ii)
limits :
x = 1, u = 2
3
5
11 5
25
(iv)
RS
2
RS = 2 sin
(a)
sin =
(b)
OS = 2 cos
Area A = 4 cos .2 sin
= 8 sin cos
A = 4 sin 2
(c)
max A is 4 when
sin 2 = 1
2 =
Question 5
(i)
(ii)
lim
h 0
sin h
2h
3 = lim
sin h
3 1 = 1 .
h
6 6
3
h 0
1
1
1 x
4 + x 2 dx = 2 tan 2 + c .
(b)
9+ x
(c)
x(e
x2
dx =
1
ln (9 + x 2 ) + c .
2
y=g(x)
+ 1 dx = xe x + x dx
1 x2 x 2
e +
+c
2
2
y=h(x)
(a)
(iii)
(b)
2 log 2 y = 4 + log 2 ( y + 5) )
log 2 y 2 log 2 ( y + 5) = 4
y2
= 4
log 2
y + 5
y2
= 16
y+5
(c)
2 solutions.
f ( x ) = x 2 + e 2 x 1
(d)
f ( x ) = 2 x 2e 2 x .
If
x1 = 0 9
then x 2 = 0 9
f (0 9)
f (0.9)
y 2 16 y 80 = 0
( y 20)( y + 4) = 0 .
y = 20 or y = 4 .
But log 2 y requires y > 0 ,
y = 20 is the only solution.
(iv)
(a)
g (0 5) = 1 e 1 0 632 (calc.).
h(0 5) = (0 5) = 0 25 .
2
g (0 5) > h(0 5) .
= 09
(0 9)2 + e 2(09 ) 1
2(0.9) 2e 2(09 )
= 0 917 to 3 sig.figs.
Question 6
(i)
(n 1)! + n ! = 14 (n > 1)
(n 2)!1! (n 2)!2!
(iii)
(a)
t = 0, N = 40 A = 40
t = 10, N = 110 110 = 40e10 k
110
40
1 11
k = ln = 0 101 (3d.p.)
10 4
10k = ln
(b)
2n 2 + n 2 n = 28
(c)
n 2 + n 30 = 0
300
0 101t = ln
40
(n 5)(n + 6) = 0
Solution n = 5
(ii)
(n > 1)
( )
R = 42 + 4 3
(a)
t=
1
30
ln
0 101 4
= 19 949...
= 64 = 8
4 3
= 3 =
4
3
(c)
(b)
from part (a), 8 cos x = 7
3
i.e.
cos x =
3 8
for
x 2
3
3
3
x
x=
dN
= kN = 0 101 110 = 11.11
dt
Virus spreading at a rate of 11
people per day after 10 days.
OR,
dN
= 0 101 40e 0101t .
dt
when t = 10 ,
= 0 50536.. (calc.)
0 50536..
3
= 0 542 or 1 55
dN
= 0 101 40e 010110
dt
= 11 0922..
(3s.f.)
Say 11 people/day
Question 7
(ii)
(i)
1
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
1,6
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
2,1
2,2
2,3
2,4
2,5
2,6
B
3
3,1
3,2
3,3
3,4
3,5
3,6
4
4,1
4,2
4,3
4,4
4,5
4,6
5
5,1
5,2
5,3
5,4
5,5
5,6
6
6,1
6,2
6,3
6,4
6,5
6,6
(b)
(continued)
3
sin
3
3 sin 0 sin 0
= sin
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(ii)
(a)
15 5
.
=
36 12
18 18 9 3
+
= .
36 36 36 4
(a)
(b)
9 9 9 8 1 9 7 2
2 2 x + 2 x
0
1
2
Expansion =
9 9 9 8 1 9 7 2
2 2 x + 2 x +
1
2
0
(x + 2)
9
9
Coeff. of x = 2 9 2 2 8
0
1
= 4096 .
= cos x cos 2 x
= cos 3 x
(c)
3
3
cos x dx
0
sin 3 x 3
= sin x
3 0
(continued)
9 4
9
2 ( x )5 + 2 3 ( x )6
5
6
(x + a )
= R.H.S.
(b)
3 3
.
8
6 1
= .
36 6
(iii)
9
9
= 2 4 + a 2 3 .
5
6
9
9
Hence 2 4 + a 2 3 = 0
5
6
when 126 16 + a 84 8 = 0
i.e. when a = 3 .
(e)
Question 8
(a)
log e x
x
x>0
(b)
x =1
Given y =
(c)
1
x log e x
x
y = 2
x
1 log e x
=
x2
stationary points put y = 0
1 log e x = 0
<e
__
3
2
log e x
dx = 2
x
1
k
(f)
(log e x) 2
=2
2
1
2
2
(log e k ) (log e 1) = 4
(log e k ) 2 = 4
log e k = 2
k = e 2 7 39, 0 135
(g)
log e ( x)
x
log e ( x)
=
x
= f ( x)
y=
1
(e, )
e
3
2
3
2
( e , e )
3
2
-1
3
log e x =
2
x=e
y = 0 when
2 log e x = 3
(e 2 , 32 e 2 )
x=e
1
y=
e
1
x 2 (1 log e x) 2 x
x
y =
x4
x 2 x + 2 x log e x
=
x4
3 + 2 log e x
=
x3
at x = e
3+ 2
y =
<0
e3
1
e, is a maximum turning point
e
(2 718, 0 368)
(d)
1
( e, )
e
3
2
3
2
e
0
>e
+
3
2
concavity changes
3
2 3
e , 3 is a point of inflection
2e 2
( 4 48, 0 335)
Question 9
(i)
(ii)
cos 2 x = 1 sin x
(a)
(a)
()
1 2 sin 2 x = 1 sin x
2 sin 2 x sin x = 0
sin x (2 sin x 1) = 0
1
sin x = 0 or sin x =
2
5
x = 0, , 2 , ,
6 6
(b)
5
10
1
10
Even (lose)
15
4
9
5
9
Prime (win)
Even (lose)
()
4 1 4
+
10 10 9
4
=
9
P ( wins) =
5
6
Prime (win)
4
10
(b)
cos 2 x + sin x 1
(c)
cos 2 x 1 sin x
5
6
or x = 0
or x 2
(c)
4
41 41
=
+ + + ...........
10 10 10 10 10
(i.e. an infinite geometric series)
4
= 10
1
1
10
4
=
9
Question 10
(ii)
2 x 2 + 5 xy + 50 y 2 = 80 000
dy
dy
4 x + 5 y + x + 100 y
=0
dx
dx
(i)
=
0
( I)
= 2
=
=
=
=
d
1
1 1
x x 4 x2
2 sin
dx
2
2
1
2
2
4 x + x 4 x 2 ( 2 x )
2
4 x2 2
2
4 x
4 x2
x2
+
2
2 4 x2
4 4 x2 + x2
2 4 x2
1
2
dx
1 1
2
1
3
= 2 sin 1
+ 2 3 2 sin 1 0 0 + 2 4
2 2
y 2 + 15 y 700 = 0
( y + 35)( y 20) = 0
y = 35 (reject) or y = 20
(a)
dx + ( 2 x ) 4 x 2
0
4 x2
50 y 2 + 750 y 35 000 = 0
dy
700 + 2 750
=0
dx
dy 700 14
=
=
55
dx 2750
x2
1
1
= 2 sin 1 x x 4 x 2 + 2 4 x 2
2
2
When x = 150 ,
45 000 + 750 y + 50 y 2 = 80 000
(ii)
x 2 2x
dx
(b)
0 4 x2
3
+2 34
2
6
3 3
= +
4
3
2
(iii)
(a) (1 + x )
n n
n
= + x + x 2 +
0 1
2
n
n
+ x n
n
1
n +1
(1 + x )n+1 1
n +1
n
1 n
1 n
= x + x 2 + x 3 +
2 1
3 2
0
1 n n +1
x
n + 1 n
( 1)n+1 n
2x 2
2 4 x2
x2
4 x2
(c) Substitute x = 1 :
n 1 n 1 n
1
= + +
n +1
0 2 1 3 2
Divide by 1 :
n 1 n 1 n
+ +
0 2 1 3 2
n + 1 n
( 1)n n =
n + 1 n
1
n +1