Experiment 6: Oxidizing & Reducing Agents Now you will carry on a series of reactions and identify the oxidizing

and reducing agents on the basis of your observations. To help you identify products you will first note the characteristic colors of solutions and perform a series of identifications tests. Procedure 1. Observe the colors of the following solutions. Use these and previous observations to deduce the colors of each of the ions. K2CrO4, K2Cr2O7, CrCl3, MnCl2, KMnO4, FeCl3, FeSO4, H2SO4, NaOH, AgNO3. 2. The following reactions are intended to help you identify, or confirm, some of the previous ions which may appear as products of redox reactions in subsequent procedures. In a small test tube, mix each of the following combinations thoroughly. a. Add a drop of potassium thiocyanate, KSCN, to several drops of FeCl3. b. Add a drop of potassium ferricyanide [potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), K3Fe(CN)6] to several drops of FeSO4. c. Add a couple of drops of BaCl2 to ~ 1 mL of AgNO3. d. Add a couple of drops of BaCl2 to a couple of drops of Na2SO3. Observe. Then add several drops of 6 M HCl. [is the ppt soluble in HCl?] e. Add a couple of drops of BaCl2 to a couple of drops of H2SO4. Observe. Then add several drops of 6 M HCL. [is the ppt soluble in HCl?] f. To ~ 1 mL of K2CrO4 add drops of HCl until a change occurs. To this, add NaOH until a change again occurs.

Write a balanced net ionic equation for each reaction that occurred in step 2. Justify each reaction written by relating to the observations. 3. a. b. c. d. Place ~ 2 mL 0.1 M Na2SO3 in a small test tube. Add ~ 0.5 mL of 6M HCl to make the solution acidic. Add several drops 0.1% KMnO4. Observe. Add a few drops of BaCl2 . Repeat procedure 3a using a few drops of 0.1 M K2Cr2O7 instead of KMnO4. Repeat procedure 3a using a few drops of chlorine water, Cl2(aq), instead of KMnO4. Before adding the BaCl2, transfer half of the solution to another test tube and add a few drops of AgNO3. Repeat procedure 3a using a few drops of concentrated HNO3 instead of KMnO4.

Write a balanced net ionic equation for each reaction that occurred in step 3. Justify each reaction written by relating to the observations. For each reaction, identify the element oxidized, the element reduced, the oxidizing agent, and the reducing agent.

4.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g.

To ~1 mL of 0.1 M CrCl3, add ~ 3 mL of 6 M NaOH drop wise. Stir the solution while adding 6% H2O2 drop wise until a change occurs. If no color change is noted, gently warm the solution. It may be necessary to add a little more H2O2 . To ~ 1 mL of 0.1 M K2CrO4 add 6 M HCl until the solution is orange. Then add a mL of HCl in excess. Add 6% H2O2 drop wise with stirring and record any changes. Add 2 drops of 3 M H2SO4 and 4 drops of 0.4% KMnO4 to 2 mL of freshly prepared 0.1 M FeSO4. Test for the presence of Fe(III) ions by adding one drop of KSCN. Add 6 drops of concentrated HNO3 to 1 mL of freshly prepared 0.1 M FeSO4. Test for the presence of Fe(III) ions by adding one drop of KSCN. Add 1 mL of 0.1 M KI to 2 mL of 0.1 M FeCl3. Test for the presence of Fe(II) by adding a drop of potassium ferricyanide solution. Note any evidence of I2. [What can you do to facilitate this?] To ~ 1 mL chlorine water, add several drops 6 M NaOH. To this, add a few drops AgNO3(aq). To ~ 1 mL KI, add ~ 0.5 mL 6 M HCl to make the solution acidic. Then add several drops 0.1% KMnO4. Observe. Evidence of I2?

Write a balanced net ionic equation for each reaction that occurred in step 4. Justify each reaction written by relating to the observations. For each reaction, identify the element oxidized, the element reduced, the oxidizing agent, and the reducing agent. Discuss common oxidizing agents and reducing agents used in this experiment and their products. Make sure you include the effect of the acidity of the solution.

Experiment 6: Oxidizing & Reducing Agents Grading Protocol Item Name & Partner Date Experiment Started Title of Experiment Appropriate Purpose Clear & Complete Procedure Procedure Initialed Clear & Complete Data and/or Observations Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Data/Observations Initialed Balanced NIE for Each Reaction, Justify, & ID Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Summary: Appropriate English Used Discussion of Results Signature Date Experiment Handed In Late (-5 until noon next day: no credit for later labs) TOTAL /50 Name: ________________________ Points/Out of /1 /1 /1 /2 /3 /1

/1 /3 /2 /4 /1

/6 /4 /8

/4 /6 /1 /1

IF POSSIBLE 4 TO 6 SETS OF DROPPER BOTTLES 25 to 50 mL size Ability to refill?

List of chemicals for Exp 6: Oxidizing & Reducing Agents spot plates 13 x 100 test tubes dropper bottles with 0.1 M solutions of: BaCl2 CrCl3 FeCl3 FeSO4 - fresh for lab MnCl2 K2CrO4 K2Cr2O7 K3[Fe(CN)6] KI KSCN AgNO3 Na2SO3 - fresh for lab Conc HNO3 6 M HCl 3 M H2SO4 6 M NaOH 0.1% KMnO4 6% H2O2 Cl2(aq) CH2Cl2