TAI LESS

TEEL
LABOR TORY
CORRO I0
RESISTANCE OF
STAINLESS STEELS TO
CHEMICAL I/IEDIA

JUST |\/|ANUFACTUHlNG COMPANY

9233 King Street

Franklin Park, IL 60131

Phone: (847) 678 51 50 Fax: (847) 678 681 7

wvwv.justmfg.com e mail:custsen/@justmfg.com

1. Fully resistant

0.002 inch

2. Satisfactorily resistant
3. Fairly resistant
4. Slightly resistant

0.010 inch
0.020 inch
0.040 inch/.050 inch

5. Not resistant

O O50 inch and over

industrial environment increases, such

as near chemical plants producing
chlorine or hydrochloric acid, corrosive
attack can be accelerated. Three
stainless steels exposed in New York
City for periods of up to 26 years were
essentially unaffected. The same
materials exposed to a chemical
environment near Niagara Falls were
attacked to varying degrees in much
shorter periods. in such areas, the

Substance

Condition

Tamp. F.

Phosphoric Anhydride
Dry.....
..
. . . . . . . .. Cold A Hot

Type Tyne
315 so 1
1

70

D3tl1S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 70

11

1'1

Hy oo (Acid tixing
Qtner Solutions
Details on
(Toners, Fieducers
Tray Cleaners. etc.) .... .. request
Picric Acid. . .. .. ...
.. 70
Pine Tar 0i|.. . .

.. ..

Cold Bi Hot

Potassium Aluminum
. ..

60

70
Boiling

1
1

1
1

25%

.. .

'1

'2

70

Boiling

Potassium Bromide........... 70

1% Agitated

Saturated at 212

Boiling

45% + 5% lree acid ....122

Potassium Dichromate

(Neutral) . . . . . . . . . .. .....COid A Hut

Potassium Ferricyanide
5% .................... .. ...,.7o
.7D
25%
.. .
25% .....
.... .. .....Boiling

Potassium Ferrocyanide
70
5%. ..
.. ..
Potassium Hydroxide
5% Quiescent ..,..70

1
1
1

1
1
1

. .....7Q
.70
5% Aerated .........
27%
.. .. .
. .Boiling
50/n............ ....... .....B0iling
5% Agitated

Potassium Hypocnlonte
Conc .. ..
. .70
Potassium Iodide
All concentrations . . .....COId & Hot

1
1

1
1

1
1

1
1

95
. .. .90

Molten .
Sauerkraut
70
Brine
.
SeaWatei.......
.. 70
Sewage ...................... ..
Silver Bromide ............. ..
Silver Chloride .......... ..

1
2

1
1
+1
'1

5
'1
*1
'2

1
1
1

Sodium Acetate
Moist...
.
Sodium Aluminate

10% . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 60

Sodium Carbonate
5/.,..............
5%......
5%......

Molten
Sodium Bicarbonate

70
150
Boiling

All C0l1CEI1lf31l0l'lS . . . . . . . ..

_ ._ t_.

77

Cold S Hot

Cold & Hot

'1

70"
70
140

1
3
2

2
5
4

Cold & Hot

Cold 8| Hot

Sodium Fluoride
5% ...........

Cold 8. Hot

..

Sodium Hydroxide ..
20/.,........,..
30%.. ..
Molten..........

'1

'2

..
..
..

~_.i\;_._.

|u|\:ru

70
Boiling

1
1

1
1

70
200

1
1

1
1

250

70
70
Boiling
Boiling

600
Fused

Sodium Nitrate .......... ..

Sodium Perchlorate
10%..

Sodium Peroxide
10%................ ..
10/n...
.. ..
Sodium Phenolate
20% ................. ..
Sodium Phosphate

Cold Bi Hot

Sodium Salicylate
70
All concentrations . . . ..
Sodium Silicate ......... .. .... ..CoId & Hot

Cold & Hot

70
Boiling

1
1

1
1

5% ..................... ..

Sodium Silicate ......... ..

Sodium Sulphate
5% .....
..
<_,_. _.

q,_. ._x_.

1
1

1
1

Saturated..........

Sodium Sulphite

7o=

150
5% Quiescent ........ ..
Sodium Bichromate
All concentrations
(neutral) ................. ..Cold & Hot
Sodium Bitluoride ............ ..

Subject to pining at air line or when allowed to dry.

tMay attack when sulturic acid is present.

1650"

.1

Boiling

All cont:entrations.......

Soaps ........................ .. 70

.70"
Boiling

70
70

Sodium Nitrite

1
1

10/o.....
10/ea...

150

5% (neutral) ........ ..
Sodium Hypochlorite
5%.........
..
3%..........
..
1%
..
Sodium Lactate
10% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Sodium Nitrate
All concentrations.. ..

70
70
70
70
70
70
H01

1% Aerated......
5% Quiescent......

70

Sodium Ferricyariide

Boiling
~_._._._.

5% Quiescent
5% Quiescent .. ..
20% Aerated....... .
Saturated . ..
Saturated
Sodium Chlorite pH5
5%....
Sodium Citrate
All concentrations

Silver Nitrate

All concentrations

Cold & Hot

1
1

Rosin

Sulphate

1
1

Dry ......................... ..

Potassium Chromium

Potassium Nitrate
Boiling
50/t>..............
..
1022
Molten....
Potassium Oxalate .......... .. 70

Progallic Acid
Quinine Sulphate

~_. x_. ._ t

Cold 8. Hot

Sodium Chloride

Quinine Bisulphate

,_. _. _. _.

All concentrations.

1% Quiescent

70
1% Agitated .. .. .
70
1% Aerated... .. .. .. .....70
70
5% Quiescent . .. ..
70
5% Agitated
70"
5% Aerated........
Boiling
5% .
.
....180

'1

5% Aerated......

50% . . . . . . . . . . . , . , , . , . . . . . , ..70

5/eAgttated........

Potassium Chloride

Cold 81 Hot

Sodium Chlorate
25%. ..
..

1% Aerated........
50%.

Type Type
ate 304

All concentrations . .
Sodium Bcirate

1%Agitated........

Potassium Chlorate

Temp. F.

Condition

Potassium Sulphate
1% Quiescent

Potassium Carbonate
1% Quiescent

Substance

4,8%1H3.... ..

Potassium Bichromale

choice which has greater resistance to

staining.

Potassium Persullate

Sulfate
. .

Type Type
316 s04

instances this is more a visual

impairment than a functional failure from
corrosion. Type 304 is used for coastal
atmospheres and does very nicely
especially where the metal is exposed to
regular rainfall or is washed
occasionally. Where staining is
objectionable as with architectural
applications, Type 316 is the preferred

Sodium Bisulphate

Potassium Permanganate
70
5%. .. .. ... .. ..
.
.. ... Boiling

Potash (See Potassium

Hydroxide)

10%

Temp. F.

Substance Condition

Aerated

steels are preferred for construction in

many coastal applications. A thin rust

film may develop on the surface of those
stainless steel types, but in most

1% Agitated ............. .. 70
Aerated
Quiescent
5% Agitated . . . . . . , , . . . . . . .. 70

Film and paper

... .. ..

Marine environments are also high

in chlorides and are notoriously

aggressive to metals, but stainless

Potassium Nitrate
Quiescent

Photographic Solutions
QV8IOD8lS....

selection of materials is more critical, but

the choice can still be made from
among the range of stainless steel
alloys.

Subject to pining at air line or when allowed to dry.

tMay attack when sulturic acid is present.

10/.............

70
..
..
150
..
Boiling
Boiling

.t_. _.

70
Boiling

1
1

Sodium Hyposulphite

'Subiect to pining at air line or when allowed to dry.

"'Not recommended tor standing baths.
1'May attack when sulfuric acid is present.

1'1
1

chromium as Type 304, more nickel, and

2 to 3% molybdenum. Type 316 is more

resistant to corrosion than Type 304,
especially chlorides pitting attack, and it
is widely used in chemical processing
because of its increased resistance to
aggressive agents.
In rural atmospheres, virtually all

stainless steels will give completely

satisfactory service in terms of
atmospheric corrosion resistance. in

Substance

Condition

Formic Acid
5% .... ..
5%

Temp. F.

Tyne Type
316 so 1

..70
.........150
........70
.. Boiling
.........70"
. .. Boiling
........... ..Boiling
. .70

10%.....
10%..
50%..
50%
90%........
100/i>........

ruAr~:~r\a :|~.)

Fuel Uil. .. ... ... .... .Hot

..70

.70
.150
.80iIif1g

1
1
1

1
1
1

Cont. Sulphuric

Galic Acid
5%.. ..

..

..

Sat. at212F... .. ..

Gasoline
. ..
Gelatin . . . .
Flaubers Sale (See
Sodium Sulphate)
Glue

...70
.Cn|d 10 140

Acid Solution.....
Acid solution

Glycerine. ....... ..

Condition

70
.. ... 70
.. 140

1
1
1

1
'2
'2

....70

Gypsum (See Calcium

Sulphate)

Lard ............................ . .70

30% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2 40
Lysol ................... ..

Mayonnaise

Hydrolluosilicic Acid .......70

Mercury ................. ..

Boiling

1
1

*1
*2

Hydrogen Sulphide
Wet..............
lnk.........
.............. .. 70
Iodine
70
lodolorm.......
. 70
Kerosene ...................... .. 70

Ketchup
Quiesoent......
Quiescent .. ..
Lactic Acid

70
150

..

+4

1
1
1

.70

v\~i\:~r\;

u\rau*u4

'2

'3

Coh 8. Hot

220

Hot

70

'1

'4

'5

Mercuric Chloride

Dilute solution
..
Mercurous Nitrate
All concentrations .

70

Cold 8 Hot

1
1
1

'1
'1

10/o......

........150

10%......

........Boiling

Cold & I lot

70
Boiling
60

1
1

1
1

'1

'1

70

70

'1

70

70
70

1
1

70

Naptha
.

Crude...................
Naphthalene sulfonic
Acid .................. ..
|\)_4a_4_ aA_|t4

Subiect to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry.

tMay attack when sulluric acid is present.

Molasses .............. ..
Molyodic Acid
5% .................... ..
Mustard ................. ..
Muriatic Acid .......... ..

.70

........Boiling

Mine Water Acid ....... ..

Pure.......

Condition

Temp. F.

Type Type
ate aoa

Nickel Chloride
..70

Saturated
..200
Nickel Nitrate
All concentrations ..Cold 5 Hot
Nickel Sulphate .... ..
..Cold & Hot
Niter Cake .................. .. ..Fused
Nitrating Solutions.
..Cold tit Hot
Nitric Acid
..70
5%......
5%......
..Boi|ing
20/0......
..70
20% ..

'1
4

'1
5

;,_. ~_ . x_a. _ .

;,_t.~ N_x. _a. _a.

1'1

t1

..Boiling

40%......
..70"
40%
..Boiling
..70
50/0......
50%
..Boiling
65%......
..70
..Boi|ing
65/ii......
Conc............
..70
Conc............ ..
..B0iling
Fuming Conc............... ..70
FumingConc........
..110
Fuming Conc............... ..8oiling
Nitrous Acid
5% ......................... . . ..70
Crude..
..
. Cold S Hot
Oils. Vegetable
Mineral ................... .. ..Cold 8 Hot
Qleic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
300
400

Oxalic Acid
5"/n.........
5%
10%......
10%......
25/0......

..... ..

...70
..B0iling
..70"

......Boiling
......Boiling
..Boiling

Para1tin.. . .... _......CoId&l lot

Paregoric Compound
.70"
Phenol (See Caroolic

_.4u;,@_x ._x

_x c1>.m_. _a

Acid

Fresh or Sour ....... ..

uilum

Substance

Oils

Milk,

........150

........Boiling
........70

Conc......

..

Alcohol, Methyl)
Methylene Chloride
40%.... .
..

1
r1

.70"
.Boiling

5%.......
10'/"......
Conc......

1
1
1

Methanol (See
........70
........70

1%......
1%.....
5%......
5%..

.Boiling

Magnesium Carbonate
All concentrations..... .. ..CoId 5 Hot
Magnesium Chloride
1% Quiescent
1% 0uiescent.. .. .. . .. .Hot
5% Quiescent .70"
5% Quiescent
Hot
.160
.330
Magnesium Hydroxide
Thick suspension ......... .. .70
Magnesium Nitrate
All concentrations
Cold 8. Hot
Magnesium Oxychloride..... .70
Magnesium Sulphate
(See Epsom Salt
........ ..Any
Malic Acid............... ......C0ld & Hot

the presence of chlorides. In industrial

area, dust and flying ash containing
chlorides accumulate on flat surfaces
And if there is insufficient rainfall to wash
away the accumulation, the possibility of
some staining or pitting attack on the
stainless steels with lower alloy content
must be considered. Higher alloy
grades such as Type 316 may be
advisable.
As the chloride content of the

Solution.. ..

Lithium Chloride

All concentrations ......... ..Cold 5 Hot

Hydrocyanic Acid......... ......70

Hydrobromic Acid

Hydrolluoric Acid
All concentrations ...........Cold tit Hot
Hydrogen Peroxide.............70

Type Type
316 304

Lead
Molten .................... .. .750

Manganese Carbonate
All concentrations...
Manganous Chloride
37%......
.
Mash.........
.

Hydrochloric Acid
All concentrations ........ ..70"

Temp. F.

.70
Plus 3% Hz$O<.............390

~_. _x _. _.

Furlural ..

Substance

Lead Acetate
5% .................. ..
Linseed0il ....

100%...... ............... ..Boiling

FruitJuIces ................. .. .70

Acid. .

industrial environments, the choice of

which stainless steel to use is fairly
broad, except many users tend to prefer
the 300 Series stainless steels, such as
Type 304, because of their all around
good corrosion performance and ease
of fabrication. While there is little
concern about the sulphur content of the
atmosphere, which has been known to
accelerate corrosion in other metals, the
primary concern with stainless steel is

ur~1r\: uN

Subject to pining at air line or when allowed to dry.

Phenolic Resins
......... ..Cold &Hot
Petroleum Ether
Phosphoric Acid
...70

i i

1%....
...Bo|ling
1% 45 lo. Press.
...2B4
5% Quiescent
. 70
5% Agitated .. ......70'
...70
5% Aerated......
10 0uiescent......
...70
10% Agitated
...70
10% Aerated......
...70
...Boiling
10%...............
25%.....

45%......
50/=......
80%......
80%......
80%.....

.....B0l|Ing
..BoiIing

...Boil1ng
. 70
...230
...Bolling

<.>mi\rum|\>_ . _ . _

Subject to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry.

+May attack when sulfuric acid is present.
HMQY inik W09" I1Ydl'0hI'iP acid I3 DQ5801

u, M~_. _. _.

The ability of stainless steels to

resist corrosion is related to the

chromium content, for chromium is the

alloying element that endows stainless

steels with their corrosion resistance. By
combining with oxygen, chromium forms

a thin but transparent chromium oxide

surface protective film. A steel must
contain not less than 10% chromium to
be considered stainless. As a general
rule, the higher the alloy content, the

Substance

Condition

Type
316

Type
304

77

.. . 70

Temp.F

Bromine

Bromine water . . . . . . . . . .. .70

Boron Trilluoride
Anhydrous....

l3uttermitl<..
Butyric Acid

70
5%.
.
5 % .......................... . . .150

Aqueous Solution
Sp.G. .964 ............. .. .Boiling
Calcium Carbonate .... . . .....70
Calcium Chlorate
Dilute ....................... .. .Cold 8. Hot
Calcium Chloride
Dilute .............. ..

. ......70
......33D

Ccnc. Solutions ..
Calcium Chlorohypochlorite
(Bleaching Powder)

1
1

1
1

'1
5

'2
5

...2
...3

...3
...3

Type Type
316

304

Caustic Soda (See Sodium

Hydroxide)

Cellulose. .... .. ..
Chtoracetic Acid
Chlorine Gas
Molst.............

.70

...2
...3

1
1

1
1

. ......Boillng
20/.>.......
. . ....Boiling
50%. ................ . . ......Boiling
Calcium Sulphate
.70
Saturated ............ ..

1
1
Z

1
1
3

. ......Molten
. .....70"

1
3

Sp.G. 1.04 ........ .. .... ..1UO

Calcium Chlorate
Dilute Solution ......7U
Dilute Solution....... . .....H01
Calcium Hydroxide

70

70
70"
21 2

3
4

4
5

. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70

...2

...3

1
1

1
1

Chlorobenzene
(Plienyi Chloride)

Chlcrolorm.... . . ..

Bolling
70"

Dilute... 70

Chromic Acid
5% C.P..

70

10% C.P......

70

10% C.P......

Boiling

50% C.P....
70
50% C.P ............ ..
Boiling
Commercial 50%
(Cont. S0,) ............. .. 70
Commercial 50%
(Cont. S01) .............. .. Boiling
Chromium Plating Bath..... ..70
Cider ................... ..........70"
Citric Acid

I\)I\JI\ l
mt'\>c.>r\:

Carbolii: Acid (Phenol)

C.P.+10% water.... .....Boiling

......70
360 (Do l I)
212
Crude.
.
Crude................ . ......Boiling
Carbon Bisulphide

70

Carbon Monoxide Gas ..

1400
1500

1
1

1
1

(Carbonic Acid) ...... ..

Carbonic Acid
All concentrations ......... .. Cold 61 Hot
Camalite
Saturated solution.....
Boiling
(KC10 MgC1= r 6H=0

284

'2
'2

Cold

Press ............. ..

Boiling

'Subiect to pitting at air line or when allowed to diy.

"'Not recommended tor standing baths.

N._._.

1
1

1
|

70

Distillery Wort ................ ..70

Dyewood Liquor ............. .. .70

Epsom Salt (Magnesium

1'1

Ethyl Chloride........

.70

.70

Ethylene Chloride ...... ..

Ferric Chloride

.70

1% to Saturation

.70

.70

'1

Sulphate) ................. .. .Hot 8 Cold

Ether .....
..

Ferric Hydroxide
(Hydrated Iron Oxide)
Ferric Nitrate
1% Quiescent.........
5% 0uiescent.........

;_, ._ ,\_.N _.

Boiling

Cupric Sulphate)
5% Agitated.
5% Aerated..........
\J\J cc no
Saturated solution.
Boiling
Cream of Tartar.............. .. Cold & Hot
Creosote (Coal Tar) .......... .. Hot
Creosote Oil ................. ..Hot
Cyanogen Gas . . ..
70
Dichloroethane ............... ..Boiling
Dinitrochlorobenzene

N_a. _ .a_ . _

.70

Copper Sulphate

1% Agitated.......

5% Agitated.......

1% Aerated... ..
5% Aerated........

NH OH . . . . . . . . . ..

.70
.70
.70
.70
70
.70

10% ........
Ferrous Chloride

Saturated ................. .. .275

1

_. _. x_.

.70
.Boiling
Fluorine (Gas) ................. ..70"

1
3
5

'1
3

Formalin
40% Formaldehyde ....... ..7lJ

62% ........................ .. .75

Ferrous Sulphate
10%....
.
10/a....,........

1% Agitated

10% Quiescent ......... ..70

1% Agitated

5% Quiescent
5% Aerated .. . .

.70
.70"
.70
.70
.70
.70"
Boiling

Ferrous Iodide

Copper Chloride
(Cu pric Chloride)
1% Aerated
5% Agitated
5% Aerated..............70

1% Quiescent
1% Aerated...... .

5% Agitated

Sulphate)

..

5% Aerated............. .70

Ferric Sulphate

Copper Acetate
Saturated solution... ..... ..70"
Copper Carbonate
Sat. Sol. in 50%

1
1

Boiling

Cone.
..
5/=45 lo. sq. in.

.......Boilirig
.
Boiling

1
1

70
Boiling

5% Agitated

'4

70

1
2

Quiescent
.70
Agitated.
.. .70
Aerated............. .70
Quiescent
.70

.......70
..Boiling
.......70
.......Boiling

Coca Cola Syrup (Pure) ..... ..70"

Coffee .......................... ..Boiling
Copperas (See Ferrous

Carbon Tetrachloride

1%
1%
1%
5%

.......50
Boiling

1
1

(Cupric Nitrate)

.. .......7U

10%.. ..
.. ..
10% . . . . .
15/c........
15%..
25"/e........
25%..
50. .. ..
50%................

Time Type
316 304

Copper Nitrate

Melted and solidified

5% Quiescent ..............150
.. ..H0l

Temp. F.

l
l

50% Aqueous Sol..

Saturated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70

5% Quiescent

Substance Condition

Saturated so|ution........Boiling
Plating solution.......... .120

Cnlorosulphonic Acid
.1

The stable protective nature in

atmospheric or mild aqueous
environments can be enhanced by
higher chromium, nickel, molybdenum
and other alloying elements. Chromium
improves film stability; molybdenum and
chromium increase resistance to
chloride penetration; and nickel
improves film resistance in aggressive
acid environments. For example, Type
316 contains about the same amount of

Copper Cyanide
(Cupric Cyanide)

Chinosol Antiseptic
Aqueous Solution
1500 dilution .............. 70

Chloric Acid.

".1

Commercial plus
1% water .......... ..
Commercial plus
1% HC1 ........... ..
Carbonated Beverages
Various cdnc ........ ..
Carbonated Water

Temp. F.

Chlorinated Water
1

Aqueous Solution

Cadmium........
Camphur......
Cane Juice
(SiigarCane)......

Substance Condition

C.P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..70"
.70

Calcium ltypochlorite
2% .................... ..

1
1

more resistant it will be to corrosion

because of the passive oxide film.
Because of the important role of this film,
care must be observed in manufacturing
or in the operation and use of stainless
steel components to avoid destroying or
disturbing its passivity. Normally the
destruction or disturbance of the
protective film can be reformed or
healed in the presence of oxygen to
again provide maximum protection.

0~ 1
. u|\>. _.

Subject to pitting at air ine or when allowed to dry.

"'Not recommended for standing baths.

1
wmwmm

Subject to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry

tMay attack when sulturic acid is present.

1
i

Laboratory Corrosion
Resistance Data
Types 316, 304

Substance

Condition

Temp F

70
70
100
180"
70
70
100
150
Boiling
60
100
180

5%
10% Agitated . .
10% Aerated
10%
10/ii

10% . .
10/ii

15% 1
15%

60%
.

. .
.

100% . t
100%

..

.....

100%
100% 150 lb. Press.
Acetic Aiiliydride
(90% Annydride). .
(90% Annydride)
(90% Atiydride)

(90% Annydridp)
60% Anhydride
30% Anhydride

Acetone

Acetyl Chloride

+ 10% CUSUA 0 51110

Boiling

10% HiS0i 50.6 1 07

+ 2% FeS0i 0 7 H10

Boiling
70
Boiling

Alcohol. Methyl

70
150

Aluminum. Molten

.Variou5

'1

70

Ammonium Sulphate
1% Aerated
.. .
1% Agitated . .. . 1
5% Aerated . .
5% Agitated .
.
10%. .. .. ..

Saturated. ..

i\ii\i coco

Boiling
Boiling

r\zr\_._._._.

.70
154

1
1

2
2

3%. . . _ . .
Concentrated crude

.70

70

Aniline Hydrochloride .

Jca

Ammonia 1Anhydrous).. . .800 up

Antimony
Molten

1100

Ammonium Hydroxide . .

Antimony Sulphide

. ._..70"
.

Ammonium Tniocyanate

... 70

.
..

...B0iling

. .. .. ..B0iling

N444

<, N_._.

70
BOl|l'1g

1% Agitated
5% Agitated. _. .

. .

Aniline

... .

1200 1 500

Antimony Trichloride

70

Arsenic Acid. .

150

70

Boiling

70"
.70

1
1

1
1

.Hot

'2

.CoId & Not

Hot

U70"

. .

Barium Carbonate

10%

70
70
70
70'

Barium Chloride
5% .. .. .

Saturated .

70'
70

Ammonium Chloride
1% Quiescent . .
.70:
1/.. Aerated
.. .
.70
1% Agitated . . . . .70
10% ..
.
. Boiling
20/ii.........
.Boiling
28% ..
. .
Boiling
50% . .. . . . .
Boiling

Ammonium Cnlorostannate
Saturated

70

All conc agitated)

140"
.

70

aerated
.

Ammonium Oxalate
5%..
. .
.

. . .. .

Bariiirn Chlorate

Saturated . .. .
Ammonium Nitrate

10%..

30%

Molten .. ...

70

Ammonium Carbonate
1% 0uiescent.. ,
5% Quiescent
1% Aerated .
5% Aerated

Saturated

Alcohol. Ethyl .. ..

Ammonium Bromide
5%. ..

10% H150. So G 1 07

Hot

Acid Salt MIX

70

Boiling

10,0

70

Ammonium Sulphite .

Ammonium Bicarbonate... . .70

Boiling
Acetylene

I\J*V\)_>A

Ammonia Bitlouride
10%.
.. ... .. . ...80

Cold

Ammonium Phosphate
5% ......... ..
.. ..

Ammonium Suliamate
10% . . . .. .

Ammonia (Dry or Moist)

All concentrations. .. .. ..70 212

180"
180

Ammonium Persulphate
5% ..
...
. 70

10%. . ..

U,;_\ u>,_.w\(,_.N a,|\4(_)AL,4._

304

70

Saturated

,\_.o ~ AM_. _. _. Ao4

Temp. F.

Type Type
316

Sulphate (Alum )
Dilute 8 saturated

70
.. ...Boiling

10%

70
Boiling

. .

. ...70

180
70
180
Boiling
400

Substance Condition

Amrrlonium Potassium

2%. . . .. 4}

Hot
H01

..

. . ..70

Aluminum Postassium
Sulphate (Alum)

180"

Acetic Acid \/aoors

30%

70

5%
Sp.G 16. .. ..

70
1 80
Boiling

70

Sulphate

Aerated

100%

304

Aluminum Chrominum

Boiling

90% Aerated .. .
100%

5%......... ... .. . 150

10%....
.. . 70
10% .
.. .. Boiling
Saturated
70
Saturated . . . .. . . .B0l|il1Q

180
70
Boiling
60
100
180
Bo ling
70
100
180

50%
60 %

80%
80% . .
80%
.
80% . ..

316

Aluminum Sulphate

Boiling

50% . . .. . .

10% Quiescent . .

Aluminum Hydroxide
Saturated. ..

70
70
180
70
100
180

33%. .
33%
33%. .. . .
40% Aerated .

60%
60%

Temp. F.

25% Quiescent
Aluminum Fluoride ..

Boiling

15% . .. .
20% Agitated. .
20% Aerated .. .

20% Aerated.
33% t . .

Substance Condition
Aluminum Chloride

Acetic Acid
5% Agitated.
5% Aerated. .

5% .

Corrosion Ratein r
1Fully Resistant ......................... .. 002
2Satisfactorily Resistant
.... .. 010
3Fairly Resistant
020
4Slightly Resistant...
. 040 .050
5Not Resistant..... ..
050 and higher

Aqueous Solution
Barium Hydroxide
All concentrations .
Barium Nitrate

Aqueous Solution
Barium Sulphate

(8arytes~Bianc Fixe)..
B881
mi\.>_ .s_

(Barley Malt 2. Hoos)..... .70

3 5%4.5% Alcohol
.. 160"
Benzene tBen20l)
. . . .70"
Hot
Benzoio Acid . . .. . .
70

Blood (Meat Juices)

'1

.. ..Cold

1
1

1
1

Boiling

Borax
5%

Hot

70

Boracic Acid
5%
.

Hot or Cold

Borii: Acid
Saturated . .

Boiling

Ammonium Perchlorate
10%. .. .. . . .. . Boiling

1400

Aluminum Acetate

Saturated .. .. ..
Saturated..... .

70
Boiling

'Sub|ect to pitting at air line or when allowed to drv.

Subject to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry.

'SUb]BCl to pitting at air line or when allowed to div

Conditions below the surface of the

ground can be fair more aggressive
than those in the atmosphere, because
materials are frequently submerged for

long periods in soils containing water,

salts, or chemicals, all of which increase
the potential corrosivity of the
environment. These soils are subject to
a complex set of conditions that may
vary from time to time, depending upon
the weather and other circumstances.

Substance Condition

Temp. F.

iw Type
316

304

Sodium Sulptiide
Saturated.........
0.4%.
..
50/..... .

Stearic Acid .........

Strontium Hydroxide...........

uiruw

3
4
1
.

4
5
2
5

Strontium Nitrate

Solution .................... ..Hot

SugarJuice ....
.........Hot
Sulphur Chloride
98/ii...........

.Cold & Hot

.........280"

r\>ui

.>ui

Sulphur
Moist.... ..

.. .70

Molten........................266
Molteti......... .. ...........B33
Sulphur MonochIoride........ 70
Sulphur Dioxide Gas
Moist. .......... .70
Gas..............
. ...575
Sulphuric Acid

_Au_l A

uin

1
1

2
1

.........70
.........Boiling
.........70
.........Boiling

Sulphuric Acid
Saturated ................... ..70

Saturated 60 lh.
press. .
. ......250
Saturated 70 12511:.
press .................... ..310'
Saturated 150111.
press
. ..........375
Spray.............. .........70
Sweet water....... .........Hot
Syrup .
.. . ...Hot

Temp. F.

TYD9 TYDQ

316

304

1
1

1
1

Uric Acid..... ..

Vamish............. . . . . . . . . . . ..70
Hot
Vegetable Juices
Vinegar
Quiescent ..... ..
Agitated. ...
........70
Aerated ........ ..
.. .....70"
Hot
Vinegar Fumes.......

_lA A(\

0.020 inch
0.040 inch/.050 inch
0.050 inch and over
_.__.. _.

N__4; ._; 4

1
1

1
1

5
5

Black Waste Liquors ...... ..Boiling

Wort ........................... ..
Yeast ........................... ..

_._ _.q.

1
1
1

Zinc
Molten..........

........Boiling

,_. _. _.

q._.~_.,$_.

........70
...Boiling

1
1

1
1

Zinc Chloride

20/ii.......

...Builing

70/ii......
ro<.'iA~AmJ>|\ wru

u i:>u .=ui w

70%.............

Zinc Sulphate
25%..........

3
'4

3
'4

Saturated ................... ..70"

Tannin Acid..........

...70
150"
Tanning Liquor . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70
Tar. ....................... ...

_. N_. _.

Tartarie Acid
10%......................,....B0iling
50%...........................Boiling
Saturated at 212 ...........Boiling

q|_._._.

Tin
Molten .................... ..

'Trit:hloracetii: Acid ........... ..70

Sul:iect to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry.

Not resistant

0.002 inch
0.010 inch

Black waste

...Hoiling
.......70

Slightly resistant

_._tq,

.. .....70

5'/II ........................ ..70

Laboratory Corrosion Resistance

Tables The data contained in the

following tables, while indicative of what
can be expected in service, cannot be
considered an absolute reference in
predicting service results. Whenever
possible, samples should be exposed to
actual operating conditions before
drawing any conclusions.
For comparative purposes, these
tables include data on Type 304 and
316. If there is any question as to the
suitability in a specific corrosive
environment, the question should be
referred to our customer servic_e. The
approximate corrosion resistance is
represented as follows:

P.4>F*!\>

Whiskey .......
Wine
All phases of processing
and storage ............. .15
Wood Pulp . .................. ..
Wood Pulp Liquors
Digestive Liquors
(3% Ca(HSO) +

5/ii.......
20%

from Washington Steel Corporation.

. Fully resistant
Satisfactorily resistant
Fairly resistant

......... ..70

Liquors (Alkaline Fired...1B00"

.........BoQing

Conc........
Corie.
.........Boiling
Conc....... ..
.....300
Fuming............ .........70

Substance Condition

2/ii H180. + S01 +

Air ........................ ..B0iling

........70
10%........
10/a........
50/ii........
50/ii........

underground applications, including

data on many different soil conditions,

the Committee oi Stainless Steel
Producers initiated an extended test
program in cooperation with the National
Bureau of Standards. The results of this
program, which continue, are available

Tung0il........................Cold&Hot
Terpentine
Uranium Trichloride
15% ......................... ..Boiling

.108
........ .320

Soy Bean Oil ................. ..C0ld L Hot

Stannic Chloride
Sp.G.1.21.......
.... .70"
SpG. 1.21
.. .Boiling
Stannous Chloride
Saturated .................. ..120
Boiling
Starch
Aq solution... ..

Nevertheless, stainless steels are often

preferred for sub surface environments.
To provide more complete data on the
performance of stainless steels in

Sutiiect to pitting at air line or when allowed to dry.