worksheet
Part 1: Multiple Choice Questions (20 Questions)
1. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
(a) Right Auricle
(b) Left Auricle
(c) Right Ventricle
(d) Left Ventricle
2. The instrument used to measure blood pressure is:
(a) Stethoscope
(b) Sphygmomanometer
(c) Thermometer
(d) Microscope
3. The liquid part of the blood is called:
(a) Hemoglobin
(b) Plasma
(c) Serum
(d) Lymph
4. The rhythmic contraction and expansion of the heart is known as:
(a) Pulse
(b) Heartbeat
(c) Respiration
(d) Circulation
[Link] blood vessel has the smallest diameter?
(a) Artery
(b) Vein
(c) Capillary
(d) Vena Cava
[Link] process of oxidation of food to release energy is:
(a) Breathing
(b) Digestion
(c) Respiration
(d) Excretion
[Link] voice box is also known as:
(a) Pharynx
(b) Larynx
(c) Trachea
(d) Bronchi
[Link] exhalation, the diaphragm becomes:
(a) Flattened
(b) Dome-shaped
(c) Contracted
(d) Straight
[Link] structural and functional unit of lungs is:
(a) Nephron
(b) Neuron
(c) Alveoli
(d) Bronchioles
[Link] of these is a respiratory disease caused by bacteria?
(a) Asthma
(b) Bronchitis
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Hypertension
[Link] donor blood group is:
(a) A
(b) B
(c) AB
(d) O
[Link] pigment that gives blood its red color:
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Haemoglobin
(c) Melanin
(d) Platelets
[Link] valve is present between the right auricle and right ventricle?
(a) Bicuspid
(b) Tricuspid
(c) Semilunar
(d) Mitral
[Link] movement of air into the lungs is called:
(a) Expiration
(b) Inspiration
(c) Oxidation
(d) Circulation
[Link] heart rate of a healthy adult at rest is:
(a) 60/min
(b) 72/min
(c) 100/min
(d) 85/min
[Link] flows from the right ventricle into the:
(a) Aorta
(b) Pulmonary Vein
(c) Pulmonary Artery
(d) Vena Cava
[Link] protective double-walled membrane of the lungs:
(a) Pericardium
(b) Pleura
(c) Meninges
(d) Peritoneum
[Link] respiration occurs in the:
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Lysosomes
19.A rise in blood pressure above 140/90 is:
(a) Hypotension
(b) Hypertension
(c) Anaemia
(d) Dengue
[Link] component of blood lacks a nucleus when mature?
(a) WBC
(b) RBC
(c) Phagocytes
(d) Lymphocytes
Part 2: Assertion & Reason (20 Questions)
1. Assertion: Arteries have thick elastic walls.
Reason: Blood flows through arteries with high pressure and in jerks.
2. Assertion: The left ventricle has the thickest walls in the heart.
Reason: It has to pump blood to the farthest parts of the body.
3. Assertion: Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood.
Reason: All arteries carry oxygenated blood except the pulmonary artery.
4. Assertion: People with blood group AB are universal recipients.
Reason: Their RBCs contain both A and B antigens.
5. Assertion: Human heart has four chambers.
Reason: It prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
6. Assertion: Veins have valves.
Reason: Valves prevent the backflow of blood as it flows under low pressure.
7. Assertion: Capillaries are thin-walled.
Reason: They allow for the exchange of gases and nutrients with tissues.
8. Assertion: RBCs are biconcave in shape.
Reason: This shape increases surface area for oxygen absorption.
9. Assertion: The right side of the heart contains oxygenated blood.
Reason: The right auricle receives blood from the vena cava.
10. Assertion: White blood cells are called soldiers of the body.
Reason: They produce antibodies and engulf germs.
11. Assertion: Respiration is a physical process.
Reason: It involves the exchange of gases in the lungs.
12. Assertion: The trachea is supported by C-shaped cartilaginous rings.
Reason: These rings prevent the trachea from collapsing.
13. Assertion: Inhalation involves the flattening of the diaphragm.
Reason: This increases the volume of the chest cavity.
14. Assertion: Platelets are essential for life.
Reason: They help in the clotting of blood at the site of injury.
15. Assertion: Blood group O is the universal donor.
Reason: It lacks both A and B antigens on the RBC surface.
16. Assertion: Alveoli are the sites of gas exchange.
Reason: They have a very thin wall and are surrounded by capillaries.
17. Assertion: High blood pressure is called hypotension.
Reason: Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg.
18. Assertion: Breathing and respiration are the same.
Reason: Both involve oxygen and carbon dioxide.
19. Assertion: Haemoglobin has a high affinity for oxygen.
Reason: It is an iron-containing pigment.
20. Assertion: The pulse can be felt in veins.
Reason: Veins are situated superficially under the skin.
Part 3: One-Word Answers (20 Questions)
1. The largest artery in the human body.
2. The blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.
3. The scientist who discovered blood groups.
4. The membrane that divides the heart into left and right halves.
5. The type of circulation between the heart and lungs.
6. The process by which WBCs squeeze out of capillary walls.
7. The iron-containing protein in RBCs.
8. The condition where blood fails to clot (general term).
9. The common passage for food and air.
10. The leaf-like structure that closes the windpipe during swallowing.
11. The site where gas exchange occurs in the lungs.
12. The energy currency of the cell produced during respiration.
13. The chemical used to test for the presence of $CO_2$.
14. The instrument used by doctors to hear heart sounds.
15. Blood cells that help in clotting.
16. The phase of breathing where the ribs move downwards and inwards.
17. The blood group that has no antigens on RBCs.
18. The artery that carries deoxygenated blood.
19. Another name for the windpipe.
20. The liquid portion of blood left after clotting.
Part 4: Fill in the Blanks (15 Questions)
1. The heart is located in the chest cavity, slightly tilted towards the ____.
2. ____ are the distributing chambers of the heart.
3. The ____ artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood.
4. In humans, oxygen is transported mainly by ____.
5. The normal blood pressure of a healthy person is ____ mmHg.
6. The ____ prevent the backflow of blood in veins.
7. During inhalation, the diaphragm ____ and moves downwards.
8. The exchange of gases between the blood and tissue cells is called ____ respiration.
9. ____ is the respiratory disease characterized by the swelling of the lining of the bronchi.
10. The blood group ____ is called the universal recipient.
11. Each lung is covered by a double membrane called the ____.
12. RBCs are produced in the ____ of adults.
13. The percentage of oxygen in exhaled air is approximately ____%.
14. The ____ are the smallest blood vessels.
15. Respiration in the presence of oxygen is called ____ respiration.
Part 5: Short Answer Questions (20 Questions)
1. Define 'Systemic Circulation'.
2. What is the function of the septum in the heart?
3. Why are the walls of ventricles thicker than auricles?
4. Distinguish between breathing and respiration.
5. What happens to the rate of breathing during vigorous exercise? Why?
6. Name the three types of blood cells and give one function for each.
[Link] is the significance of the C-shaped cartilaginous rings in the trachea?
8. Why is blood group 'O' called a universal donor?
9. How do capillaries facilitate the exchange of materials?
10. What is a 'Pulse'? Where can it be felt?
11. Define 'Double Circulation'.
12. Name two respiratory diseases and their causes.
13. What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
14. Why is the left ventricle the most muscular chamber of the heart?
15. What are antigens? Where are they found?
16. State the function of the pericardium.
17. What is 'cellular respiration'?
18. Why is it advised to breathe through the nose rather than the mouth?
19. Define 'Blood Pressure'.
20. What is the role of the epiglottis?
Part 6: Long Answer Questions (10 Questions)
1. Describe the internal structure of the human heart with the help of a labeled diagram.
2. Explain the mechanism of inhalation and exhalation in detail.
3. Differentiate between arteries and veins based on structure, function, and blood flow.
4. Trace the path of a drop of blood from the right auricle until it reaches the aorta.
5. Describe the composition of human blood.
6. Explain how gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
7. Discuss the importance of blood donation and blood banks.
8. Describe an experiment to show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.
9. What are the different blood groups in humans? Explain the basis of their classification.
10. List five ways to keep the heart healthy.
