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UNIT

Simple Future
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will
[will + verb] Examples: You will help him later.

Will you help him later? You will not help him later.

EXERCISES
1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? B: I (write) ________ a letter to my friends back home in Texas. 2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! B: I (get)________ you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up. 3. A: I can't hear the television! B: I (turn) ________ it up so you can hear it. 4. We are so excited about our trip next month to Peru. We (visit) ________ Chosica, Nice and Grenoble. 5. Misha (come) ________ to the party. Justo (be) ________ there as well. 6. Ted: It is so hot in here! Sarah: I (turn) ________ the air-conditioning on. 7. I think he (be) ________ the next President of the United States. 8. After I graduate, I (attend) ________ medical school and become a doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.
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UNIT

Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises. Examples:

I will call you when I arrive. If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance. I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party. Don't worry, I'll be careful. I won't tell anyone your secret.

EXERCISES
1. Mark: What are you doing with those scissors? Beth: I (cut) ________that picture of the ocean out of the travel magazine. Mark: What (you, do) ________with it? Beth: I (paint) ________a watercolor of the ocean for my art class, and I thought I could use this photograph as a model. 2. Mark: (you, do) ________me a favor, Sam? Sam: Sure, what do you want me to do? Mark: I (change) ________the broken light bulb in the lamp above the dining room table. I need someone to hold the ladder for me while I am up there. Sam: No problem, I (hold) ________it for you.

UNIT

3. Gina: Where are you going? Ted: I (go) ________to the store to pick up some groceries. Gina: What (you, get) ________? Ted: I (buy) ________some milk, some bread, and some coffee. 4. John: Wow, it's freezing out there. Jane: I (make) ________some coffee to warm us up. Do you want a piece of pie as well? John: Coffee sounds great! But I (have) ________dinner with some friends later, so I'd better skip the pie. Jane: I (go) ________to dinner tonight too, but I'm having a piece of pie anyway. 5. Frank: I heard you're taking a Spanish class at the community college. Samir: Yeah, I (go) ________to Guatemala next spring and I thought knowing a little Spanish would make the trip easier. Frank: I (visit) ________my brother in Marseilles next year. Maybe I should take a French class. Samir: I have a course catalog in the other room. I (go) ________get it, and we can see whether or not they're offering a French course next semester.

UNIT
FORM Be Going To
[am/is/are + going to + verb] Examples: You are going to meet Jane tonight.

Are you going to meet Jane tonight? You are not going to meet Jane tonight.

EXERCISES
1. Misha: Do you think Ollanta or Keiko (win) ________the next election? Yova: I think the Keiko (win) ________the next election. Misha: No way! Ollanta (win) ________. 2. Susan: We (go) ________camping this weekend. Would you like to come along? Sam: That sounds great, but I don't have a sleeping bag. Susan: No problem. I (lend) ________you one. My family has tons of camping gear. 3. Barbara: I (buy) ________a new car this weekend, but I'm a little worried because I don't really know much about cars. I'm afraid the salesman (try) ________to take advantage of me when he sees how little I know. Dave: I used to work for a mechanic in high school and I know a lot about cars. I (go) ________with you to make sure you are not cheated. 4. Gina: Fred and I (visit) ________Santa Fe next summer. Have you ever been there? Margaret: My family lives in Santa Fe! I (give) ________you my parents' phone number. When you get to Santa Fe, just call them and they (give) ________you a little tour of the town. They can show you some of the sights that most tourists never see. 5. Pam: Can you see my future in the crystal ball? What (happen) ________next year? Fortune Teller: You (meet) ________a man from the East Coast, perhaps New York or maybe Boston. You (marry) ________that mystery man. Pam: Forget the man! I want to know if I (get) ________a new job.

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UNIT

"Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not. Examples:

He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii. A: When are we going to meet each other tonight? B: We are going to meet at 6 PM. I'm going to be an actor when I grow up. Michelle is going to begin medical school next year. They are going to drive all the way to Alaska. Who are you going to invite to the party? A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake? B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.

READING
Martha: What horrible weather today. I'd love to go out, but I think it will just continue raining. Jane: Oh, I don't know. Perhaps the sun will come out later this afternoon. Martha: I hope you're right. Listen, I'm going to have a party this Saturday. Would you like to come? Jane: Oh, I'd love to come. Thank you for inviting me. Who's going to come to the party? Martha: Well, a number of people haven't told me yet. But, Peter and Mark are going to help out with the cooking! Jane: Hey, I'll help, too! Martha: Would you? That would be great! Jane: I'll make lasagna! Martha: That sounds delicious! I know my Italian cousins are going to be there. I'm sure they'll love it. Jane: Italians? Maybe I'll bake a cake... Martha: No, no. They're not like that. They'll love it. Jane: Well, if you say so... Is there going be a theme for the party? Martha: No, I don't think so. Just a chance to get together and have fun. Jane: I'm sure it'll be lots of fun. Martha: But I'm going to hire a clown! Jane: A clown! You're kidding me. Martha: No, no. As I child, I always wanted a clown. Now, I'm going to have a clown at my own party. Jane: I'm sure everyone will have a good laugh. Martha: That's the plan!

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