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SAT Geometry Trig Formula Sheet

This document is a comprehensive formula sheet for SAT Math, focusing on Geometry and Trigonometry. It includes essential rules and formulas for angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, coordinate geometry, 3D geometry, and trigonometric functions. Additionally, it provides tips for common mistakes and a bonus section with common trigonometric values.

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Tim Chan
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5 views2 pages

SAT Geometry Trig Formula Sheet

This document is a comprehensive formula sheet for SAT Math, focusing on Geometry and Trigonometry. It includes essential rules and formulas for angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, coordinate geometry, 3D geometry, and trigonometric functions. Additionally, it provides tips for common mistakes and a bonus section with common trigonometric values.

Uploaded by

Tim Chan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SAT Math - Geometry & Trigonometry Formula Sheet

Digital SAT-ready reference (high-yield + test-day friendly)

1) Core Geometry Rules


• Angle facts: straight line = 180°, full turn = 360°, vertical angles are equal, linear pair sums to 180°.
• Triangles: interior angles sum to 180°. Exterior angle = sum of the two remote interior angles.
• Parallel lines + transversal: corresponding angles are equal; alternate interior angles are equal;
same-side interior angles sum to 180°.

2) Triangles
• Area of a triangle: A = (1/2)bh
• Pythagorean theorem (right triangles): a2 + b2 = c2
• 45-45-90: sides x, x, x√2
• 30-60-90: short = x, long = x√3, hypotenuse = 2x
• Similar triangles scaling: sides scale by k, areas by k2, volumes by k3.

3) Quadrilaterals & Polygons


• Rectangle: A = lw, P = 2l + 2w
• Square: A = s2
• Parallelogram: A = bh
• Trapezoid: A = (1/2)(b1 + b2)h
• Sum of interior angles (n-gon): (n - 2)·180°
• Each interior angle (regular n-gon): [(n - 2)·180°] / n

4) Circles (High Yield)


• Diameter: d = 2r
• Area: A = πr2
• Circumference: C = 2πr
• Arc length: (θ/360) · 2πr
• Sector area: (θ/360) · πr2
• Angle rules: central angle equals its arc; inscribed angle = 1/2(intercepted arc).
• Tangent property: tangent line is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.

5) Coordinate Geometry
• Slope: m = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
• Midpoint: ((x1 + x2)/2, (y1 + y2)/2)
• Distance: d = √[(x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2]
• Line form: y = mx + b
• Parallel lines: same slope. Perpendicular lines: m1m2 = -1.

6) 3D Geometry: Surface Area & Volume


• Prism / cylinder idea: V = Bh (B = base area)

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• Rectangular prism: V = lwh
• Cylinder: V = πr2h
• Pyramid: V = (1/3)Bh
• Cone: V = (1/3)πr2h
• Sphere: V = (4/3)πr3

7) Trigonometry (SAT Essentials)


• SOH-CAH-TOA: sin(θ) = opp/hyp, cos(θ) = adj/hyp, tan(θ) = opp/adj
• Useful identity: tan(θ) = sin(θ) / cos(θ)
• Quick pick: need hyp? use sin or cos. Need opp and adj? use tan.
• Tip (Digital SAT): Desmos can evaluate trig values quickly (make sure degrees vs radians matches
the problem).

8) SAT Power Moves (Common Mistakes + Checks)


• Units check: area uses units2; volume uses units3.
• Watch for: radius vs diameter (d = 2r), height vs slant height (cones/pyramids), surface area vs
volume.
• Scaling reminder: k, k2, k3.

Bonus: Common Trig Values (Optional)


• sin 30° = 1/2, cos 30° = √3/2
• sin 45° = √2/2, cos 45° = √2/2
• sin 60° = √3/2, cos 60° = 1/2

Tip for tutoring: have the student rewrite this sheet from memory weekly, then do 10 mixed Geometry/Trig questions to
reinforce recognition and setup.

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