ChevyChaseLakeSectorPlan

Appendix3HistoricResources

HistoricContext
TheChevyChaseLakeareahasimportanthistoricalrootsinMontgomeryCounty,firstaspartofan Englishmanorinthecolonialera,andlateraspartofChevyChase,themostcomprehensiveplanning effortinthehistoryofearlysuburbanWashington.Theareareceivesitsnamefromaoncepopular recreationareawhichalsoprovidedawatersourceforthestreetcarpowerhouse.ChevyChasegetsits namefroma560acretractoflandpatentedherein1751byColonelJosephBelt,knownas"Cheivy Chace."Thenamehashistoricassociationswitha1388battlebetweenEnglandandScotlandthat involvedaborderraid,or"chevauchee,"ofhuntinggrounds,knownasa"chace."

1941KlingeRealEstateAtlas

AHayesManor,BChevyChaseLakeStreetcarStationSite

HistoricResources
DesignatedontheMasterPlanforHistoricPreservation,theseresourcesareprotectedbythe PreservationOrdinance,Chapter24AoftheCountyCode.

HayesManor,4101ManorRoad(Resource35/2)

HayesManor BuiltforanAnglicanclergymanin1767,HayesManorisatrueEnglishcolonialestate.HayesManoris oneoftheearliestandbestpreservedexamplesofGeorgianstylearchitectureintheregion.The residencewasbuiltforRev.AlexanderWilliamson,rectorofPrinceGeorgesParish,oneoftherichest parishesintheMarylandcolony.WilliamsonnamedthepropertyHayesafterthehomeofWilliamPitt, BritishPrimeMinister.WiththeseparationofchurchandstateaftertheRevolution,theAnglican ChurchwasnolongerMarylandsestablishedchurchandWilliamsonstaxsupportedsalaryceased.For nearlytwocenturies,beginningin1792,HayesManorwasownedbytheDunlopfamily. Thebrickresidencehastwofrontfaades,customaryforhighstyleGeorgianhouses.Bothfaadeshave expensiveallheaderbondbrick.Thesouthentranceopensintoafrontstairhallinadoublepileplan. Eastandwestwings,datingfrom1899and1908,weredesignedbyarchitectWalterPeterina compatiblestyle.Notablelandscapefeaturesincludeaformalboxwoodgarden,abowlinggreen,and theDunlopfamilycemetery.

HayesManorenvironmentalsetting,being9.44acres(P212)

(MPSite35/11)ConnecticutAvenue,vicinityofGeorgetownBranch

ChevyChaseLakeStreetcarStation TheChevyChaseLakeStreetcarStation(1892)waslocatedonthissiteatthenorthernterminusofthe streetcarthatservedlocalresidentsanddaytrippersattendingtheChevyChaseLakeamusementpark. Theparkwasrepresentativeoftheinfrastructureandrecreationalamenitiesintegraltotheplanned developmentoftheChevyChaseLandCompany.Fromthemid1890suntilthe1930s,ChevyChase Lake,locatedontheeastsideofConnecticutAvenue,servedadualpurposeprovidinganamplewater supplytothenearbytrolleypowerhouse,andarecreationfacility.In1927,theChevyChaseSwimming Poolopenednexttothedepotandbecameapopularattractionforfivedecades.

Sanbornmap,1955

ChevyChaseisnationallyrecognizedasaprototypical,turnofthecenturystreetcarsuburbproviding upscaleresidencesinacomprehensivelyplannedenvironment.Plannedanddevelopedbetween1892 and1930,ChevyChasewasMontgomeryCountysfirstandmostinfluentialstreetcarsuburb.Itwasthe mostvisionaryinvestmentinMontgomeryCountyrealestateinthelatenineteenthandearlytwentieth centuryrepresentingtheChevyChaseLandCompanysprototypeforaplannedsuburbandsettingthe toneforearlytwentiethcenturyneighborhoodsthroughoutnorthwestWashingtonandsouthern MontgomeryCounty.

TheChevyChaseLandCompanyextendedConnecticutAvenueintoMontgomeryCounty,opening thousandsofacresupfordevelopment.Astreetcarline,RockCreekRailway,wasbuiltalongthisnew routetobringnewresidentstotheareafromWashingtonDC.Theexuberantbrickstationbuiltonthis sitewasdismantledandmovedtoFrederickCountyin1980whereitisaprivatelyownedresidence. Theonlyenclosedstationbuiltalongthetrolleyline,theChevyChaseLakeStationwasbuiltbythe MetropolitanSouthernRailroadinexchangeforreceivingrightofwayfromCCLCfortheGeorgetown railroadbranch. TheChevyChaseLandCompanywasincorporatedin1890byNevadaSenatorsFrancisGNewlandsand SenatorWilliamM.Stewart.Newlands,thedrivingforcebehindthedevelopmentarrangedforthe purchaseoflandalongtheproposedextensionofConnecticutAvenueandisrecognizedasoneofthe firstentrepreneurstoappreciatethespeculativeimplicationsofthestreetcar. Fromthebeginning,Newlandssoughttodevelopasingularneighborhoodofthefinestquality. Newlands'Thecomprehensiveplanwhichincludedzoning,architecturaldesignguidelines,landscaping, andinfrastructurewasintendedtoestablishasingularcommunityofthefinestquality.CCLCspent millionsoninfrastructureimprovements,includingtheconstructionofthetrolleyline,withtrestle bridgesoverRockCreek,ConnecticutAvenuegradedfromCalvertStreettoChevyChaseLake,water andsewersystems,andapowerhousetoprovideelectricity.The$1,250,000corporateinvestmentin theinfrastructureoftheregionwasaremarkablestatementoffaithinthegrowthandprogressofthe nationalcapitalareaandcreatedthefoundationforregionalcommunitybuildingonanunprecedented comprehensivescale.

ChevyChaseLakeStreetcarStation EnvironmentalSetting,beingabout1acre,8100ConnecticutAvenue(Tax#0700419831)

AdditionalInformation
PlacesFromthePast:TheTraditionofGardezBieninMontgomeryCounty,byClareLiseCavicchi[Kelly] (MNCPPCandMHT,2001) ChevyChase:AHomeSuburbfortheNationsCapital,byElizabethJoLamplandKimWilliams(MNCPPC, MontgomeryCountyHPCandMHT,1998)