Skin test & Animal Inoculation

Skin Test
All patients with FUO are tested for TB with Mantoux test (Tuberculin test)
Other FUO causing diseases like Histoplasmosis, coccidiomycosis, sarcoidosis can also be tested.

Mantoux Test
0.1 ml of PPD containing 5TU is taken. Injected intradermally on flexor aspect of forearm Examined after 48-72 hours, Induration measured at its widest point Result: 10mm positive, 6-9mm equivocal, 5 mm negative

ANIMAL INOCULATION
Done mainly for isolating viruses Not all viruses have an animal model

ANIMAL INOCULATION CONTD.

ANIMAL INOCULATION
Animals used: Monkey, mice, hamster, dog, chick embryo, guinea pig, rabbits, ferrets Routes of inoculation: Intra cerebral Subcutaneous Intra peritoneal Intra nasal Intra venous Disadvantages Immunity may interfere with viral growth Animal may harbour latent viruses

ANIMAL INOCULATION CONTD..

S. No Virus Animal Model Suckling Mice Suckling Mice Inoculation Intracerebral Intraperitoneal, Subcutaneous, Intracerebral Intravenous Intravenous Intracerebral Look For Fatal Encephalitis Histopathology in Infected Mice Hepatitis Hepatitis Flourescent antibody staining of brain Paralytic Poleomylitis 1. Colorado tick fever 2. Coxsackievirus

3. Hepatitis A 4. Hepatitis E 5. LCMV

Chimpanzee & marmosets Chimpanzee & macaque Adult Mice

6. Poliovirus

Monkeys

Intracerebral & Intraspinal