Enviromental Impact

Christopher Luigi Rodriguez

Enviromental Impact Assessment (EIA)

An assessment of the positive or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment.

Background EIA Laws (Presendential Issuances)

PD 1151 (1977) - Philippine Enviromental Policy
Requires sponsors of projects affecting the quality of the enviroment to prepare enviromental impact statements.

PD 1586 (1978) - Establishment of the Philippines Enviromental Impact Statement System (PEISS) w/ the then National Enviromemtal Protection Council (NEPC) as the lead agency

EIA Laws (Presendential Issuances)

PP 2146 (1981) - Proclaims certain areas and types of projects as enviromentally critical & w/in the scope of the PEISS. Administrative Order 42 (2002) Rationalizing the Implementation of the Philippine EIS System giving authority, in addition to the DENR Secretary, to the EMB Central and Regional Office Directors to grant or deny issuance of ECCs.

EIA in the context of the Philippine Enviromental Impact Statement (EIS) System
The process of predicting the likely enviromental consequences of implementing a project and designing appropriate preventive mitigating and enhancement measures as an input to decision making

Conduct of EIA Study and Enviromental Compliance Certificate (ECC) Applications

EIA Study is conducted by by the proponent or expert group commissioned by the proponent result of the EIA Study is documented and submited to the EMB for rebiew and evaluation as the major basis for the decision on Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) applications.

Difficulty in SEA Implementation

Responsibility over programs,plans and policy is divided among different government department/ agencies and jurisdictions

Programmatic Compliance for Co-located Projects

A single EIS may be submitted for a multicomponent program or an Industrial Development Area (IDA) taking into consideration all anticipated industrial activities within a contiguous area.

Consideration in the Analysis of ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS

DIRECT IMPACTS INDIRECT (including induced) IMPACTS CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

Direct Impacts
Pollution due to discharge of waste streams into air/water/land. Noise pollution due to emission of sound from plant activities. Intentional addition of ssubstances such as pesticides, herbicides etc. Contamination of physical enviroment due to accidental release of hazardous substances or addition resulting from spills blowouts, explosion.

INDIRECT AND INDUCED IMPACTS AS A RESULT OF CASCADE OF EFFECTS