Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Triggers of the Policy Objectives Scope and Coverage Required Resettlement Measures Eligibility Criteria Resettlement Planning Instruments Bank and Borrower Roles
Involuntary taking of land that results in direct social and economic impacts such as:
Loss of shelter leading to relocation Loss of assets or access to assets
Loss of income sources or means of livelihood (whether or not the affected persons must move to another location)
Involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas that result in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of affected persons
POLICY OBJECTIVES
Avoid involuntary resettlement where feasible, or minimize it, exploring all viable alternative project designs Consult affected persons meaningfully and provide opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs Assist affected persons in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to predisplacement levels
Business losses caused by rerouting of road away from existing village Loss of farmland inundated by a reservoir Loss of jobs due to Bank-financed privatization project Loss of dwelling due to construction of a drainage canal Devaluation of property due to Bankfinanced solid waste dump nearby
MITIGATION MEASURES
Inform affected persons about their rights/ options pertaining to land acquisition/ resettlement Provide prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets attributable directly to the project Provide resettlement assistance for vulnerable affected people
MITIGATION MEASURES
Options can be land for land if livelihoods landbased; Cash possible if land taken is a small fraction of the affected asset and residual is viable Link Compensation/ Resettlement implementation to project timetable
WHO IS ELIGIBLE?
The borrower carries out a census to identify those affected and eligible for assistance:
1.
[compensation]
2. Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begins but have a claim to such land or assets [compensation] 3. Those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to the land that they are occupying [resettlement
assistance]
RESETTLEMENT INSTRUMENTS
When it is possible to determine scale of adverse impacts and affected population during project preparation, prior to appraisal
When impacts are minor or if fewer than 200 people are displaced
When not possible to identify precise siting alignments or specific impacts/affected population during project preparation (financial intermediary operations, and projects with multiple subprojects), A Resettlement Action Plan is prepared for each subproject that may involve land acquisition, before the subproject is accepted for Bank financing For projects involving restriction of access to resources in legally designated parks or protected areas No separate Resettlement Action Plan required
Process Framework
LEGAL AGREEMENT
The resettlement instrument is included in the Legal Agreement between the Bank and the Borrower
RESPONSIBILITIES
BORROWER:
BANK:
Prepare the Resettlement Instrument (Framework or Plan) Consult project affected persons Disclose the draft instrument as condition of project appraisal
advance
Agreement
between the Borrower and the WB: involuntary land expropriation, will comply with national laws relating to land expropriation and World Bank Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement.
Underlying
Clarifies land acquisition principles and organizational arrangements Ensures that where land acquisition is unavoidable, borrower will
consult project affected persons compensate for lost assets at replacement costs provide assistance to improve/ restore livelihoods and standards of living to predisplacement levels in the event of displacement
Description of project components which trigger land acquisition Legal framework reviewing borrower laws and Bank policy requirements on expropriation Methods of valuing assets Estimated land take/ population displacement Eligibility criteria and Entitlement Matrix Organizational arrangements for the delivery of entitlements Description of consultation process, grievance redress mechanisms, arrangements for funding, timeline Monitoring arrangements by the PIU
Borrower land acquisition laws and procedures and fit with OP 4.12 principles Typical areas of differences
Assessment of land acquisition impacts through a census of those affected with socio-economic data and an inventory of losses Compensation: Land-for-land or Cash? Scope for consultation? Methods for valuing assets? Approach to people without clear titles to land/ assets? Income restoration measures?
Entitlements
Cash compensation equivalent to market value Cash compensation for the entire landholding + Relocation Assistance+ Income Support + +Job Training Undepreciated value of building in cash+ Right to salvage materials+ Moving Expenses Cash compensation No compensation for land. Undepreciated value of building in cash +Right to salvage materials+ costs of shifting + job placement, skills training
Loss of houses and other structures (legal structures) Trees and standing crops Loss of structures for those without title to land or permits [Squatters]
Responsible Institution
MoPW/ PIU
MPW assigns to Licensed Independent Valuation Experts MoPW, PIU. Mayor of the LGU MoPW/ PIU
Compensation Payments
Expropriation of Land
MoF/ MoPW
Council of Ministers
MoPW/PIU
Grievances related to impacts community level, PIU, design consultants to find technical solutions. Grievances related to compensation amounts, delays in compensation payments PIU in liaison with the Municipalities. The Expropriation Law provides for an appeals process against the proposed award for compensation. Arbitration by NGOs. Grievances through the court system.
Implementation Post-Implementation