TRAFFIC CASES

MS IN IDLE MODE

IMSI attach Changing cells within an LA Location updating, same MSC/VLR Location updating, new MSC/VLR IMSI detach Location updating, type IMSI attach Location updating type periodic registration Implicit detach

Location Update
3. 4.

LA1
MSC/ VLR-A (LA1+LA 2 )

2a 2B

LA3

LA2

MSC/ VLR-B (LA3 )

5. 6.

1.

IMSI

MGT

MSC/VLR 2

HLR BSC

BTS

Location Update Acknowledge Location Update Request MS LAI 2

Subscriber Information Request

Subscriber Information

IMSI HLR

MSC/VLR 1 2 LAI 1

Location Cancellation

MSC/VLR 1

HLR BSC

BTS

MS IN ACTIVE MODE
Call from MS Call to MS Handover-intra-BSC Handover-inter- BSC,intra- MSC Handover-inter MSC

Call

SAMPLE TRAFFIC CASE:some logical channels used during the call to an MS

BTS

Call from MS

1.MS uses RACH to ask for a signaling channel (SDCCH). 2.BSC allocated a signaling channel, using AGCH. 3.MS sends a call setup request via SDCCH to the MSC/VLR 4.MSC/VLR asks the BSC to allocate a idle TCH. 5.MSC/VLR forwards the B-number to an exchange in the PSTN, witch establishes a connection in PSTN to the B-subscriber.

Call to MS

The PSTN subscriber keys in the MSs telephone number. A connection is established to the GMSC. GMSC analyzes MSISDN to find out witch HLR the MS is registered in, and queries the HLR for information about how to route the call to the serving MSC/VLR. HLR translates MSISDN into IMSI, and determines witch MSC/VLR is currently serving the MS HLR requests a MSRN from the serving MSC/VLR. MSRN identifies the MSC/VLR MSC/VLR retains the MSRN via HLR to the GMSC GMSC reroutes the call to the MSC/VLR. The MSC/VLR knows witch LA the MS is located in. A paging message is sent to the BSCs controlling the LA. The BSCs distribute the paging message to the BTSs in the desired LA. The BTSs transmit the message over the air interface using a PCH. When the MS detects the paging message, it sends a request for a SDCCH. BSC provides a SDCCH, using AGCH. SDCCH is used for the call setup procedures, same as for a call from an MS.TCH is allocated. SDCCH is release. The mobile phone rings. If the subscriber answers the connection is established.

MSISDN

IMSI

MSC/VLR ADDR

Call from MS to MS
HLR

1. MSISDN-B

2. IMSI-B

4. MSRN

3. MSRN

MSC/VLR 1 5. MSRN

TANDEM

MSC/VLR 2

BSC

BTS

6. Paging

MSRN IMSI

IMSI LAI Paging Response MS-B

BSC HLR

BTS

IMSI-A MSISDN-A MSISDN-B MS-A

Handover

MSC/VLR-B

GMSC

BSC-1

BSC-2

5. 3.
4.
1.1.
Azercell

2.
Azercell

BSC-3

MSC/VLR-A

Handover between calls controlled by the same BSC

6 2
BTS

Old

3
Cell phone

BSC
1 5

4 5

BTS

New
BSC orders the new BTS to activate a TCH BSC sends a message to the MS via the old BTS containing information about the frequency and time slot to change to and also what max. output power to use. (Over FACH ) MS tunes to new frequency, and transmits handover access burst in the correct time slot. (Over FACH ) When the new BTS detects the handover bursts, it sends information about the TA. (Over FACH ) MS sends a Handover Complete message to the BSC via the new BTS The BSC tell the old BTS to release the old TCH.

Handover Between calls controlled by different BSCs but the same MSC/VLR
4
BTS

Old BSC
4 9 5 1 4 8

MSC

Cell phone

6 7

3 7

2 4

New BSC
BTS

The serving (old) BSC sends a Handover Request message to the MSC containing the identity of the target call. The MSC knows witch BSC controls this BTS and sends a Handover Request to this BSC. The new BSC orders the target BTS to activate a TCH. The new BSC sends a message to the MS via MSC,old BSC and old BTS containing information about the frequency and time slot to change to and what output power (Over FACCH ). MS tunes to the new frequency and transmits handover access bursts in the correct time slot (Over FACCH ). Whenthe new BTS detects the handover bursts, it sendsonformation aboutTA (Over FACCH ). MS sends a Handover Complete message to MSC via the new BSC. The MSC sends an order to old BSC to release the old TCH. The old BSC tells the old BTS to release the previously used TCH.

GSM PLMN 7
BTS

PSTN

Handover-inter MSC

Old BSC
7

11

MSC-A

Cell phone

8 9 10 4 3 5 10

10

MSC-B

BTS

New BSC

The serving ( old ) BSC sends a Handover Request message to the serving MSC, MSC-A, with the identity of the Handover between calls controlled by different MSCs target cell. MSC-A realize thah this call belongs to another MSC, MSC-B,and requests help. MSC-B allocates a handover number to reroute the call. A Handover Request is sent to the new BSC. The new BSC orders the target BTS to active a TCH. MSC-B receives the information, and passesit on to MSC-A together with the handover number. A link is set up to MSC-B,possibly via PSTN. MSC-A sends a handover command to MS, via old BSC containing information on witch frequency and time slot to use and what maximum output power to use (Over FACCH). MS tunes to the new frequency and transmits handover access bursts inthe correct time slot (Over FACCH). When the new BTS detects the handover bursts it sends information about TA (Over FACCH). MS sends Handover Complete message to old MSC via new BSC and new MSC/VLR. Anew path in the group switch in MSC-A is established, and the call is switched through. The old TCH is deactivated.