Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Book
Additional book chapters and articles will be in Copley Librarys E-Reserve. If you would like to have a copy of English translation of Quran, 1- Muhammad Asads The Message of The Quran 2- Yusuf Alis The Meaning of Quran
Pre-Islamic Arabia
What is jahiliya? Muslims call the life of Arabs in Hejaz and surrounding areas before Islam as jahiliya. It literally means the era of ignorance
Arabic as a Semitic language among others The other Semitic languages are Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac, Akkadian and Assyrian Poetry and its importance in jahiliya
Many deities were recognized by different tribes Mecca as a center of pilgrimage Allah as a concept in jahiliya Monotheistic religions
Recite in the name of your Lord who has created, Created human being out of a germ-cell. Recite for your lord is the Most Generous One Who has taught by the pen, taught human being what he did not know.
Persecution
Torture Migration to Abyssinia Boycott Death of Khadija and his uncle (year of sorrow)
Starting point for Hijri Muslim Calendar Consolidation of religo-political authority Creating of the Islamic community (umma)
Two Battles Badr (624) Uhud (625) Siege of Medina (The Battle of Trench)(627) Attempt for Pilgrimage (628) Peace Treaty (Hudaybiya)
After Hudaybiya
630-The Conquest of Mecca Islamization of Mecca and unification of umma 632-The Farewell Pilgrimage and Farewell Sermon
Death of Prophet
Prophet Muhammad as an exemplar of Muslim life and piety a human prophet a reformist