WIND ENERGY VEHICLE

CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
WIND POWER-WHAT IS IT?
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION



INTRODUCTION

Energy is one of the most vital needs for human survival on earth. We are
dependent on one form of energy or the Other for fulfilling our needs. One
such form of energy is the energy from FOSSIL FUELS.
We use energy from these sources for generating electricity, running
automobiles etc. But the main disadvantages of these FOSSIL FUELS are
that they are not environmental friendly and they are exhaustible.




To deal with these problems of FOSSIL FUELS, we need
to look at the NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES of energy.
With regard to this idea we have designed an Electrical vehicle
that runs on Electric energy.
The vehicle designed is a four wheel drive and can be used for
shuttle and short distances. As these vehicles form the future of
the automotive industry, we need to concentrate on improving
their design and making them cost effective. This vehicle is an
initiative in this direction.
Block diagram
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM


The solar powering system of the car consists of:

Solar Array which collects solar energy and converts it to
electrical energy
Peak Power trackers to achieve the proper voltage to be
stored in batteries.
Batteries to store power.
Motor controller which adjusts the power input to the
motor.
An electric motor which drives the vehicle.


Solar array consists of a large number of
photovoltaic cells which converts solar energy coming
from the sun directly into electrical energy.
Peak Power Tracker (PPT) or Max Power point
tracker (MPPT) condition the electricity coming from
solar array in a way to maximize the power and it also
prevents battery from being damaged by overloading
during charging from the solar array.

Battery stories and supplies power to the motor
controller.
Motor Controller limits the amount of current reaching
the motor based upon users input ( usually by
accelerator ) Motor controller is attached to the motor
which drives the wheel of the vehicle.

WIND POWER - What is it?
All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal
power), ultimately comes from the sun

The earth receives 1.74 x 10
17
watts of power (per
hour) from the sun





About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to
wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more than the
energy converted to biomass by all plants onearth

Differential heating of the earths surface and
atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air currents
that are affected by the earths rotation and contours of
the landWIND.
e.g.:Land Sea Breeze Cycle

Winds are influenced by the ground surface at altitudes up to
100meters. Wind is slowed by the surface roughness and
obstacles. When dealing with wind energy, we are concerned with
surface winds.
A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of
the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades.
The amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor
depends on the
density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.
The kinetic energy of a moving body is proportional to its mass
(or weight). The kinetic energy in the wind thus depends on the
density of the air, i.e. its mass per unit of volume.
In other words, the "heavier" the air, the more energy is received
by the turbine.

at 15 Celsius air weighs about 1.225 kg per cubic meter, but the
density decreases slightly with increasing humidity.

SMALL GENERATORS:
Require less force to turn than a larger ones, but give
much lower power output. Less efficient,ie.. If you fit a
large wind turbine rotor with a small generator it will be
producing electricity during many hours of the year, but it
will capture only a small part of the energy content of the
wind at high wind speeds.



LARGE GENERATORS:

Very efficient at high wind speeds, but unable to turn at
low wind speeds.i.e.. If the generator has larger coils,
and/or a stronger internal magnet, it will require more
force (mechanical) to start in motion.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

ELECTRIC BLADES
DC MOTORS
BATTERY
CHAIN
FOUR WHEEL VEHICLE

Wind car

ADVANTAGES

Advantages of Electric powered cars include:
they produce no emissions,
require less service
no fuel costs


DISADVANTAGES
they can only run when the Electric is not
available unless they have another power source
and they are very expensive to purchase.
CONCLUSION
The Electric vehicle solves many problems related to the
environment and is the best pollution free method. We need to
make use of them so that we can reduce our dependence on fossil
fuels. Electric vehicles do have some disadvantages like small
speed range, initial cost is high. Also, the rate of conversion of
energy is not satisfactory (only 17%).