Network Analyst - An Introduction: Patrick Stevens Robert Garrity

Network Analyst An Introduction
Patrick Stevens
Robert Garrity
UC 2009 Tech Session 1
Objectives
Explore ArcGIS Network Analyst
Show where it can be used
Discuss supported analysis types

Understand the ArcGIS network dataset
Create and build network datasets
Considerations when building network datasets
Explore multimodal networks
2 UC 2009 Tech Session
What is Network Analyst?
Extension for analyzing transportation networks
Uses Network Datasets
Five types of network analysis

Network Analyst
extension
Route
Closest Facility
Service Area
Origin-Destination
(OD) Cost Matrix
Vehicle Routing
Problem
Specialized layers
Network layer
References a network dataset
Appears in table of contents
and Network Analyst toolbar

Network analysis layer
Composite layer for
network solver
Appears in table of contents
and Network Analyst Window
Network
Layer
Network
Analysis
Layer
Network Analyst in ArcMap

Network Analyst
Window
Network Analyst
toolbar
Network Analyst Tools
Toolbox
Network Analyst in geoprocessing
Tool dialog
Script
Input
Network
Dataset
Make OD
Cost Matrix
Layer
Network
Analyst
Layer
Model
Command line
Network Analyst in ArcGIS Engine
Requires
NetworkEngine
license

Controls
Network Analyst
Toolbar
Network Analyst
Window

Network Analyst
specific ArcObjects
Network Analyst in ArcGIS Server
Requires a NetworkServer license

Network analysis service
Route, Closest Facility, Service Area supported
Network analysis capability on MapServer

Route Solver REST endpoint (9.3.1)

Geoprocessing service
Configured using Models and Scripts tools
Full use of Network Analyst tools

Demo
User interface components in ArcMap

Geoprocessing

Engine

Server
Network Analyst Solvers
Route solver
Finds the best route that minimizes travel cost
through a series of stops

Options
Impedance
Time windows
Find best sequence
Directions
Start time
Multiple routes

Applications
Point to point routing
Traveling salesperson
Closest facility solver
Finds the best route(s) to the closest facility or set of
facilities from an incident or set of incidents
Options
Impedance
Cutoff value
Number of facilities to find
Direction of travel
Directions
Applications
Emergency vehicle dispatch
Customer to stores
Vehicle routing problem (VRP) solver
Route fleets of heterogeneous vehicles
Applications
Distribution
Inspectors
Assessors
Technicians
Para-transit
Benefits
Reduce operation costs
Reduce gas consumption
Optimize a fleet
Vehicle routing problem options
Multiple vehicle capacities
Weight and Volume
Order sizes
Delivery and Pickup
Time windows
Driver specialties
Route duration constraints
Maximum total time, distance, etc
Route zones
Route seed points
Driver break

Directions
Generated from Route, VRP, and Closest Facility solver results
Options
Expandable inset maps
Reported units
Distance
Travel time
Running total of
time and distance
Time windows
Print options
Service area solver
Finds areas you can reach from one or more
locations

Options
Impedance
Multiple break values
Direction of travel
Polygon and line options

Applications
Fire response zones
Customer service areas
Polygons
Lines
Origin-destination cost matrix solver
Generates an OD matrix of the cost from each origin
to each destination

Multiple origins to multiple destinations

Application
Travel time matrix

Options
Impedance
Cutoff value
Number of
destinations

Origin
Destination
Destinations - Stores
O
r
i
g
i
n
s

-

W
a
r
e
h
o
u
s
e
s

1 2 3
A 29.4 24.2 31.3
B 21.5 11.5 18.7
C 17.3 5.67 19.1
Origin-Destination Cost Matrix results
Results
Straight lines with accumulated costs from origins to
destinations
Costs based on network, not Euclidian distance
Lines are ordered by origin, then ranked by total impedance
General
Network Analysis
Options
Comstock, Inc. 2000
Network locations
Two ways of specifying network locations
Geometry
Attributes
Requires 4 location fields

Option to snap to network

Option to name by reverse-geocoding

Side of street approach and departure constraints
Downtown deliveries, etc

Point Barriers
Restricts traversability
Does not require editing the underlying network

With a Barrier
No Barrier
Restrictions
Built into the network
One-way, turn, height/weight/length restrictions
Optionally enabled at analysis time

One-way restriction
No restriction
Hierarchy
Favor higher order roads
Faster calculation of results
Ideal for performing network analysis on long distances

Does not apply to service area analysis
Los Angeles
New York
Demo
Network solvers
Introduction to the
Network Dataset
Network datasets
Network designed for ArcGIS Network Analyst
Built from simple features
Supports transportation modeling
Source data
Geodatabase feature classes
Shapefiles
StreetMap data
Pre-built network dataset
Network datasets -vs- Geometric networks
Network datasets Geometric networks
Usage Transportation Electric, Gas, Rivers
Flow Type Undirected Directed
Network
Elements
Network elements:
Edges, junctions, and turns
Network features:
Edges and junctions
Source Data
GDB feature classes,
shapefiles,
or StreetMap data
GDB feature classes only

Connectivity
User controls when
connectivity is built
System manages connectivity
Attribute
model
More robust attribute
(weight) model
Weights based on feature
attribute fields
Network element types
Three types of network elements
Edge
Derived from line features
Bi-directional
Junction
Derived from point features
Turn (optional)
Describes transitions between edges
Turn features
Line features in a specialized feature class
Two methods to generate
Load from turn table
Create/edit in ArcMap
Models additional cost and/or restrictions in the network
Complex turn movements supported

Network dataset connectivity
How line and point features connect to each other
Requires spatial coincidence

Connectivity is further constrained by
Connectivity groups and policies
Elevation fields

Turns
Vertices should be spatially coincidence with lines
Turns do not affect connectivity, only traversability
Coincident geometry
Enable network connectivity by generating vertices
where line features connect or are within a tolerance

Methods to compare features and
generate vertices
Geoprocessing Integrate tool
Include sources in a topology
Connectivity policies
Connectivity policy
Defines how network elements connect

Edge connectivity policies
End point

Any vertex

Junction connectivity policies
Honor
Override
Elevation fields (Z-levs)
Attributes that specify the level at endpoints
Applied to line features with coincident endpoints
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
Intersection
Overpass
Elevation fields
Z-Levels are necessary to prevent an
overpass from becoming an intersection
Network dataset attributes
Used to control navigation through the network
Attributes have five properties:
Name
Usage type
Units
Data type
Use by default

Once created, attributes can be added, removed, or
modified without having to re-create the Network
Dataset
Four types of network attributes
Cost
Restriction
Hierarchy
Descriptor
Cost attributes
Value that is accumulated as you traverse a network element
Examples: Distance, driving time, walking time

Values are apportioned along edges
Distance = 1000 m
Drivetime = 5 min
Walktime = 20 min
Distance = 1000 m
1 2
Distance = 600 m
Restriction attributes
A Boolean condition that has one of two values:
Restricted (true) or Traversable (false)
Model one-way streets, restricted turns, etc.

Hierarchy attributes
Integer values representing ranks
Enables multi-level classification of edge elements
Used when finding paths in a network dataset

1 = Highway
2 = Major Road
3 = Local Street

UC 2009 Tech Session
39
Descriptor attributes
Description that is true for the entire length of the
network element
Used for detailed driving directions or to help derive
other attributes
65
Evaluators
Network attribute values come from evaluators
Five different types
Field Assign an existing field from a network source
Constant Assign a constant value
Global Turn Delay Additional cost based on turn
angle
Function Applies function to another attribute
VBScript Uses expression to generate values

Custom evaluators can be developed
Common fields on street data
Used by field evaluator
Can be specific to the digitized direction of the street
Field name Data type Application
Oneway Text Helps determine one way
streets
Length Double Calculate shortest route
FT_Minutes Double Travel time in from-to direction
TF_Minutes Double Travel time in to-from direction
Speed Integer May be used to calculate
travel time
Street name or
Address data
Text Helps generate network
locations and directions
Attributes and edge directionality
For edge elements, attribute values are
defined for both directions of travel
Relative to the digitized direction of the edge
FROM
endpoint
TO
endpoint
60 Min
20 Min
Global turn delay evaluator
For modeling delays without turn features
Considers turn angle and road class

Multimodal networks
Multimodal example
local street
exit points
rail line
Yellow bus station
rail station
highway
Yellow bus line
ramp
Blue bus station
walking path
Blue bus line
Multimodal network systems
Model two or more types of transportation
Uses multiple connectivity groups
Streets, bus lines, rail lines
Transition junctions between groups
Bus stops, rail stations
Impedance attribute that makes sense for all network elements
Minutes, cost
Multi-modal Network dataset must be in a geodatabase
Demo
Working with network datasets
Create a simple network dataset
Explore the properties of a complex network dataset
New Functionality for 9.3.1
Route Solver REST Endpoint

Future Functionality for 9.4
Polygon and Line Barriers
U-Turn improvements
Traffic evaluators
Location Allocation Solver
VRP and OD in Server
Dissolve

For more information
Network Analyst Product Page
http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/extensions/networkanalyst/inde
x.html

Free webcast - Introduction to Network Analyst (9.1)
http://campus.esri.com/acb2000/showdetl.cfm?DID=6&Product_ID=8
37

Free Podcasts
http://www.esri.com/news/podcasts/instructional_series.html

Training - Working with ArcGIS Network Analyst
http://training.esri.com/gateway/index.cfm?fa=catalog.courseDetail&
CourseID=50099071_9.X
Related Technical Workshop Sessions

Network Analyst An Introduction
Tuesday 3:15 PM Room 9 (SDCC)
Thursday 8:30 AM Room 9 (SDCC)

Network Analyst Performing Network Analysis with Geoprocessing
Wednesday 8:30 AM Room 9
Thursday 10:15 AM Room 9

Network Analyst Data Preparation
Wednesday 10:15 AM Room 9
Thursday 1:30 PM Room 9

Geometric Networks in the Geodatabase
Tuesday 8:30 AM Room 3 (SDCC)
Wednesday 1:30 PM Room 3 (SDCC)

ESRI Showcase Demo Theater Sessions

Spatial Analysis Island Demo Theater
Tuesday 10:00 AM Tips and Tricks
Tuesday 12:00 PM Using the Vehicle Routing Problem Solver
Wednesday 11:00 AM Using Location Allocation for Business
Site Location Decisions
Wednesday 1:00 PM Using Turns with Network Analyst
Wednesday 3:00 PM Using Parameterized Attributes
Thursday 1:00 PM Authoring Geoprocessing Services for
Network Analyst Tips and Tricks
ArcLogistics Sessions
ArcLogistics 9.4 Plans
Thursday 8:30 AM Room 27B

ArcLogistics for Government Fleet Operations:
Efficiency, Productivity, and Green Friendly
Tuesday 1:30 PM Room 27A

Fleet Management Using ArcLogistics and ArcLogistics Navigator
Tuesday 3:15 PM Room 27A

User Session Bringing the Power of GIS to Logistics
Tuesday 8:30 AM Room 26A

Commercial Solutions Island Demo Theater
Wednesday 9 AM ArcLogistics: From the Desktop to the Dashboard
Wednesday 3:30 PM ArcLogistics Navigator
Session evaluations reminder
Session Attendees:
Please turn in your session evaluations.
. . . Thank you
Questions?
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