Introduction to Six Sigma

What is sigma ?
A term (Greek) used in statistics to represent
standard deviation from mean value, an indicator
of the degree of variation in a set of a process.
Sigma measures how far a given process deviates
from perfection.
What is six sigma?
Six Sigma is a highly disciplined process that
helps us focus on developing and delivering near-
perfect products and services.
It allows for only 3.4 defects per million
opportunities for each product or service
Methodology to measure and improve companys
performance, practices and systems

History of six sigma
The Six sigma was founded by Motorola in the
1970s.
They founded a connection between increases in
quality and decreases in costs of production.
Bill Smith, Father of six sigma introduce this
quality improvement Methodology to Motorola.
Why six sigma?
The pizza delivery example. . .
Six Sigma emerged as a natural evolution in
business to increase profit by eliminating defects
The Current business environment now demands
and rewards innovation more than ever before due
to:
Customer Expectations
Technological Change
Global Competition
Sigma levels
How to calculate six sigma
Calculate defect per unit (DPU)




Calculate defect per million opportunities for error
(DPMO):





DPU =
Total number of defects
Total number of Units
DPMO =
DPU X 1,000,000
Number of Opportunity per Units
Methodologies of six sigma
BPMS
Business Process Management System
DMAIC
Six Sigma Improvement Methodology
DMADV
Creating new process which will perform at Six
Sigma

Business process management
system
BPM strategies emphasize on process
improvement and automation to derive
performance
Combining BPM strategies with sigma six is most
powerful way to improve performance

DMAIC
(Improvement methodology)
DMADV (Creating new process
which will perform at six sigma)
Key roles for six sigma

Green
Belts
Black Belts
Master Black Belts
Champions
Executive Leadership
Tools & techniques
7 QC tools
Check Sheets
Pareto Charts
Cause and effect diagram
Histogram
Scatter diagram
Flow Chart
Control charts

The companies that invented six
sigma
Motorola
General Electric
Dabbawala
Conclusion
Aligning key business processes to achieve those
requirements.
Utilizing rigorous data analysis to minimize data
variation in those processes.
Driving rapid and sustainable improvement to
business processes.

Thank you!!!