Dentinsko-gleni

spoj (DGS)
Neravan spoj ojaava vezu i poveava
kontaktnu povrinu izmeu glei i
dentina
Specifini proteini u DGS imaju
ulogu cementa

Glena vretena
A-glena vretena
B-dentinski tubuli

Tomesova vlakna uzidana u glenu supstancu

Glena vretena
A-glena vretena
B-dentinski tubuli
C-glene prizme

Pruaju se od DGS-a prema povrini glei, ali ne prate pravac pruanja glenih prizmi

Glena
vretena

Gleni strukovi (bunovi)

Reflektuju delove glei sa veim

sadrajem proteina, posebno tuftelina

Pruaju se od DGS-a i zahvataju 1/10

do 1/3 debljine glei

Imaju regularan, periodian raspored,

to ukazuje na mogui znaaj u
vezivanju glei za dentin

Imaju veu duinu i irinu od glenih

vretena

Glena vretena i strukovi

Glena vretena
Gleno-dentinski
spoj

Gleni strukovi
Gleno-dentinski
spoj

Gleni
strukovi

Glena
vretena

Glene lamele i pukotine

Inkrementne
linije

Glena
vretena

Glena
lamela
Gleni
struk

Glene
lamele

Nastaju kao posledica lokalnih poremeaja u maturaciji glei

Sadre veu koliinu vode i organskih materija
Odlikuju se veim stepenom permeabilnosti od okolne glei

Glena vretena, strukovi i lamele

Gleni strukovi i lamele

A-gleni strukovi
B-glena lamela

Glene lamele
i strukovi
dentin

gle

dentin

Permeabilnost
glei

Gle je relativno nepropusno tkivo, ali voda i minerali u odreenoj meri mogu
difundovati kroz njega

Najpropustljiviji delovi glei su glene lamele i pukotine

Permeabilnost glei
Mikrolamele
Pukotina u glei

Glena kutikula
Membrana koja pokriva gle u toku erupcije zuba
Primarna kutikula membrana debljine 50-150 nm koju
lue ameloblasti; ona je slinog sastava kao bazalna
lamina i vrsto prijanja za povrinu glei
Sekundarna kutikula (Nasmythova membrana) omota
od redukovanog glenog epitela koji otpada odmah posle
erupcije zuba
Salivarna pelikla organski depozit koji se stvara na
povrini krunice nekoliko minuta posle uklanjanja pranjem
zuba; predstavlja pogodnu podlogu za taloenje dentalnog
plaka

Glena
pelikla

Gle
GDS
Dentin

Salivarna pelikla organski depozit koji

se stvara na povrini krunice nekoliko
minuta posle pranja zuba

Debljina 0,5-1 m

Ima protektivnu ulogu u odnosu na gle,

ali predstavlja pogodno tlo za razvoj
dentalnog plaka

Pelikla

Odravanje
glei
Supstance iz pljuvake su
od esencijalnog znaaja
za odravanje glei
U gle prodiru:
digestivni enzimi
antibakterijski enzimi
antitela
minerali

Karijes

Dekalcifikacija glei deava se pod

uticajem kiselina koje produkuju
bakterije

Uzrasne promene glei

Atricija
eliminacija glei usled dejstva mastikatornih sila

Abrazija
uklanjanje glei pod uticajem mehanikih sila (etkice za
zube, abrazivne paste, proteze ...)

Erozija
abrazija u predelu vrata zuba

Diskoloritet
deponovanje pigmentnih supstanci?
istanjenje glei?

Snien permeabilitet

 Najpermeabilniji delovi glei su:

a) glena vretena
b) glene prizme
c) Retziusove strije
d) glene lamele

 Kako se zovu hipomineralizovani delovi

glei koji sadre Tomesove produetke?
Glena vretena

Enamel - transverse ground section

In a transverse section of tooth, the
stria of Retzius appear as concentric
bands parallel to the dentino-enamel
junction (DEJ). In addition to the "hypomineralized" dark stria of Retzius, there
also exist hypo-mineralized areas
perpendicular to the DEJ. These are
enamel lamellae (that traverse the
entire thickness of enamel) and
enamel tufts (that traverse the inner
third of enamel adjacent to the DEJ.
Previous Slide
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Legend: A, Stria of Retzius; B, Enamel
tuft; C, Enamel lamella; D, Dentinoenamel junction

Neonatal line The neonatal line is a dark stria of Retzius

that occurs at the time of birth. It is due to the stress of birth.
The neonatal line is usually the darkest and thickest stria of
Retzius. The enamel at the cusp of the tooth generally
exhibits a wavy pattern. This enamel is called gnarled
enamel. This is NOT hypo-mineralized. The enamel rods
are layed down in this pattern by ameloblasts to make the
enamel strong in this region. Previous Slide
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Legend: A, Gnarled enamel; B, Neonatal line; C, Dentin; D,
Dentino-enamel junction

 Straight enamel rods longitudinal labiolingual

section The enamel rods
project in the direction of the
arrow. Can you see the stria of
Retzius?

 Gnarled enamel Enamel

rods are general not straight
throughout their length. In
the cuspal region, the rods
are very wavy. This is
referred to as gnarled
enamel. In this section, you
can see the end of an
odontoblastic process
penetrating the enamel just
past the DEJ. This structure
is called an enamel spindle.
Previous Slide
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Legend: A, Gnarled enamel;
B, Enamel spindle

Cross-striations Each enamel rod demonstates closely

positioned striations along its length known as crossstriations or incremental lines. These are thought to be
formed by the daily rhythm of the ameloblast laying down
more and less mineralized enamel. The striations are
approximately 5 m apart. This distance represents one
day of enamel deposition. In this micrograph rods project in
the direction of the arrow. Can you see the striations on
each rod? They are oriented perpendicular to the length of
the rod. Note: Not the large dark bands projecting
diagonally; these are stria of Retzius.Previous Slide
Back to Chapter 2 IndexNext Slide

Enamel cut In enamel cut in perfect cross-section the

shape of the enamel rod exhibits a "keyhole"-shaped
pattern. However, in a normal cross-section of enamel, as
seen here, most rods are cut obliquely. This is because they
do not travel in a straight line. The micrograph on the left is
produced by differential interference microscopy while the
micrograph on the right is from transmitted light microscopy.

Enamel rods sectioned longitudinally In this electron micrograph enamel rods are
cut longitudinally (in parallel with their long axis). The ligher band represents the
inner part of the rod or rod core, while the darker part represents the outer
covering or rod sheath. This difference in appearance is caused by the packing
density of the rod hydroxyapatite crystals. In the core the crystals are packed in
parallel with one another and tightly together (very mineralized), whereas in the
rod sheath, the crystals are lossly packed and are oriented at variable angles to
one another with organic material interspersed (less mineralized). In this
particular section, the cores are narrow and the sheaths wide, signifying that this
area is taken from a dark cross-striation or stria of Retzius. Note that the rod
sheaths are shared by two adjacent rods.

 Enamel rods sectioned in crosssectionIn this electron micrograph

enamel rods are cut perpendicular to
their long axis. The ligher areas are the
rod cores in which hydroxyapatite
crystals are tightly packed in alignment
with each other. The darker areas
surrounding the rod cores are the rod
sheaths in which the crystals are loosely
packed at various angles. There are two
main parts to a rod: the rod head and
rod tail. The head has the central core
(light area), and is sometimes referred to
as the "rod". The tail is made of the rod
sheath (less mineralized enamel). During
development, one ameloblast (in position
1 in the inset diagram) makes the rod
core for the rod at position 1, while three
other ameloblasts (in positions 2, 3 and
4) produce the rod tail of rod 1. The tail is
located between 2 and 3 and above 4.
Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index

 Box diagram of human enamel

This diagram represents a 25 X
25 X 25 m of enamel. It
demonstrates the arrangements of
hydroxyapatite crystals in the
enamel rods in three planes of
section. One rod is highlighted in
blue to demonstrate the typical
human rod shape. In the rod core,
hydroxyapatite crystals are
aligned with the long axis of the
rod. In the tail the crystals are
aligned diagonally or
perpendicularly to the long axis of
the rod. Previous Slide
Back to Chapter

 Alternating rod directionality Hunter Schreger

bands are alternating light and dark bands seen in
a section of enamel when cut longitudinally and
illuminated in a special way. The bands are
produced by the orientation of groups of rods. If
the light passes through rods cut in cross-section,
the band appears light. If the light passes through
rods cut in longitudinally, the band appears dark.
Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index

 Hunter-Schreger
bands Hunter Schreger
bands are seen here
with special illumination
in longitudinal ground
sections of enamel as
light and dark bands.
The red arrows indicate
three light bands.
Previous Slide
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Enamel tufts Enamel tufts are less mineralized areas

of enamel in the inner third of enamel adjacent to the
DEJ. They resemble tufts of grass. They are wavy due
to the waviness of the adjacent rods. Structures rich in
organic matter (i.e. less mineralized) that project to the
surface of the enamel are enamel lamellae.
Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index

 Enamel tufts - two planes of focus Enamel

tufts consist of several unconnected "leaves" of
hypo-calcified enamel. They display a wavy
twisted appearance. Enamel spindles are the
processes of odontoblasts projecting into the
enamel.Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index

 Enamel tufts
aligned in rows
Enamel tufts are
aligned in rows. They
may represent planes
of tension during
development.
Previous Slide
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ndex
Next Slide

 Enamel lamellae In this ground cross-section

of tooth, you can see enamel lamellae and
enamel tufts You can also see the neonatal
line. What do all three of these structures have
in common?Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2
Index

 Decalcified tooth In a decalcified section

of tooth, only the organic material is left
behind. In this micrograph you can see an
enamel lamella and enamel tufts.
Previous SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index

Odontoblast process Odontoblast processes usually end

at the DEJ. However, sometimes the ends of the process
become embedded in the enamel as it forms. These very
small, usually straight structures that you can see adjacent
to the DEJ are enamel spindles. They are only about one
tenth the length of an enamel tuft. Previous SlideBack to
Chapter 2 IndexNext Slide
Legend: A, Enamel spindle; B, Odontoblast processes in

Enamel spindles In this high magnification of the DEJ you

can clearly see the bifurcation of the ends of some of the
odontoblast processes as well as enamel spindles. Previous
SlideBack to Chapter 2 Index
Legend: A, Enamel spindle; B, Odontoblast process; C,
Enamel rod

dentin