Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OBJECTIVE
At the end of the chapter, the
students should be able to:
1. define tax, know its significance
in national development;
2.enumerate
the
essential
characteristics of tax
3. know the principles of a sound
taxation;
4. distinguish tax from other
income-generating sources.
INTRODUCTION
Historically, taxation has played a
critical role in the lives of men and
women and their countries destinies.
As early as the 10th century, the
underprivileged
classes-slaves,
vassals, peasants and conquered
peoples-were already giving tributes,
both in cash and in kind. This had
forced them to support the ruling
classes, whether they were the free
citizens of Athens and Rome, the
lords and the feudal barony, or courts
of the kings and emperors.
MEANING OF TAXATION
TAXATION is the act of imposing
tax, the process or means by which
the sovereign, law-making body,
raises revenue to defray the
necessary
expenses
of
the
government.
MEANING OF TAXES
TAXES
are
the
enforced
proportional contributions from
persons and property levying by
the law-making body of the state
by virtues of its sovereignty for
CHARACTERISTICS OF TAX
1. It is an enforced contribution.
2. It is generally payable in the form of money.
3. It is proportionate in character.
4. It is levied in person or property.
5. It is levied by the State.
6. It is levied by the law-making body.
7. It is levied for public purpose.
NATURE AND POWER OF TAXATION
1. It is inherent in sovereignty.
2. It is legislative in character.
3. It is subject to constitutional and inherent
limitations.
According to Purpose
1. General, Fiscal, or Revenue. Ex. Income
tax and sales tax.
2. Special or Regulatory. Ex. Protective
tariffs or custom duties.
According to Scope
1. National. Ex. National internal revenue
taxes.
2. Municipal or local. Ex. Real property
tax.
According to Determination of Amount
1. Specific. Ex. Taxes on distilled spirits,
cigarettes
2. Ad valorem. Ex. Real estate tax most
custom duties.
1. Introduction
historical background
2. Statement of the Problem
a. What is CARP? What are the
legal bases of CARP?
b. What are the Problems
surrounding the Implementation of
CARP?