REVIEW

VVER-1000 DETAILS

Service life of reactor facility 30 years.

Service life of reactor vessel 40 years.
Nominal thermal power of power reactor facility
3012 MW
Number of RF circulation loops 4
Parameters of primary circuit:
1. reactor pressure 15.7MPa
2. coolant temp at
at inlet291 degree centigrade
at outlet-- 321

Maximum fuel enrichment in U235 upto

4.4% and average is 3.92%.
Number of fuel assemblies in the core
are 163 hexagonal.
Diesel generator 4x6.3MW
Type of containment double , rc ,
primary , pre-stressed with a leak tight
liner.

REACTOR SYSTEM
The VVER1000 is water cooled and
water moderated power reactor and is
pressure vessel type, heterogeneous on
thermal neutrons.
Boron acid solution is used as an
absorber.
Uo2 enriched in isotope U235 is used as
fuel.
The 163 hexagonal fuel assemblies
consist of:

CONTROL AND PROTECTION

ABSORBER RODS

Fast termination of nuclear

reaction.
Manufacturing power at
desired level and also going
from one level to the other.
Power density axial
distribution flattening over
the reactor core.
Precluding and suppression
of Xe oscillation

COMPARISON

BAR BUNDLES

CrB2+Al where B is burnable

poison.
Decrease in multiplication
factor at the beginning of
fuel burn up cycle.
Core radial power field
flattening.
Providing reactor operation
in the field of ve coolant
temperature coefficient of
reactivity.

REACTOR COOLANT SYSTEM

Reactor coolant system
it consist of four circulation loops +
reactor
each consistoing of steam gen.
+coolant pump set+coolant pipelines
Pressurising system.
ECCS passive part.

SAFETY SYSTEMS
Protective safety systems have the
following functions
Protection of fuel , fuel assembly
claddings , equipments and pipelines
containing radioactive systems.

FAST BORON INJECTION SYSTEM

Management of BDBA
withut scarm.
Ensure reactor core subcriticality by injecting
conc soln of boric acid.

EMERGENCY BORON INJECTION

SYSTEM

Same function in case

of failure of reactor
control and protection
system.

BORON INJECTION SYSTEM

OVERPRESSURE PROTECTION SYSTEM OF THE

REACTOR COOLANT SYSTEM.

Pressuriser for maintaining pressure in

PHT. When pressure is greater than 10%
of design pressure.
It has heaters at the bottom. To control
over pressure it has 3xpulse safety
devices.
Working medium is saturated steam ,
steam-water mixture , water.

SYSTEM FOR EMERGENCY AND SCHEDULED COOLING DOWN

OF THE PRIMARY CIRCUITS AND FUEL POOLING COOLING

Has 4 channels, each containing sump , HX , pump

water, jet , etc.
Reactor plant cooldown(scheduled): when heat
removal through steam generators becomes low
effective.(Pi<1.96MPa , T<130 upto 70.)
Residual heat removal from fuel in the reactor to
component cooling system for reactor plant loads
during all modes of normal operationas well as
during emergency conditions.
Residual heat removal from the fuel pool in all unit
operation modes.

HIGH PRESSURE EMERGENCY BORON INJECTION

SYSTEM

Restoring primary circuit coolant losses

and removing heat from the core in cases
of primary circuit pipe lines for:
1. small break loca(<100 mm dia)
2.large break loca
It has 4 channels.
Pressure pipelines of aech channel is
coonected to the cold leg of the primary
circuit loops.

EMERGENCY BORON INJECTION

SYSTEM

Providing sub-criticality of the core in

case of reactor control and protection
system failure
Boron soln is injected into the
pressuriser.

1ST STAGE ACCUMULATOR SYSTEM

This forms the passive part of the ECCS.
To supply boric acid soln into the reactor core during LOCA.
Supply boric acid soln with conc not less than 16gm/dm3
and tem < 20degrees into the reactor at the primary
pressure less than 5.89MPa.
The system shall actuate passively in occurrence of
accident conditions.
During the first 30 mins from the accident onset no
operators interference into the system control is required.
ECCS passive part is fed from the system of normal and
emergency power supply.
Working medium : water with boron acid soln..

2ND STAGE ACCUMULATORS SYSTEM

It forms the supplementary passive core flooding

system.
Passive supply of boron soln. with conc 16g/kg into the
reactor core in order to remove : residual heat during
BDBA with full loss of ac supply including DGs resulting
from primary circuit leaks during max possible time
period not less than 24hrs (with consideration of passive
heat removal system)
Storing boric acid reserves for filling reactor pool and
pools for vessel internals during refuelling.
It consist of 4 groups: each group contains 2x II stage
hydroaccumulators , pipelines and valves.

PASSIVE HEAT REMOVAL SYSTEM

PHRS is designed for residual heat removal from the

reactor core during BDBA with loss of ac power sources
both in condition of intact primary and also during leaks
in the primary.
It consist of 4 independent channels one for each
circulation loop. 1 circuit comprises 4HXs , steam
condensate pipe lines with valves , supply and discharge
air ducts , air dampers and regulating devices.
In HX heat is removed through air taken from
atmosphere.
Signal for PHRS is the signal of NPP loss of power and
susequent failures of DGs to start within 30 secs.

LOCALIZING SAFETY SYSTEMS

Preventing and restricting the
propogation of radio active substances
and radiation released as a result of
accidents , beyond the boundaries set by
the project and their ingress into the
environment.
It consist of:

INNER CONTAINMENT

Pre-stressed concrete +
inner lining of steel
Prevent radioactive
spread during DBA.

OUTER CONTAINMENT

Protects the reactor and

systems from extreme
natural and man made
activities .

BOTH ACT AS BIOLOGICAL SHIELD.

SPRAY SYSTEM

To remove the heat generated in the primary

containment during a LOCA to maintain the
integrity of the containment.
In addition to the above functions it also
makes up the fuel pool water during a DBA
with only one residual heat removal system
channel available.
4 channels : each channel has suction pipe ,
pumps , chemical addition system and
valves.

SYSTEM FOR HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION

MEASUREMENT INSIDE THE CONTAINMENT AND
HYSROGEN SUPPRESSION SYSTEM INSIDE THE
CONTAINMENT.

Hydrogen suppression prevents formation of explosive

mixture in containment by keeping the conc of hydrogen
below safety criterion.
Hydrogen conc measurement-measure conc of hydrogen
at all states, control of H2 conc at various super normal
and hypothetical accidents and prevent information of
explosion hazard.
Hydrogen suppression is based on hydrogen catalytic
recombiners
Hydrogen monitoring is done at all operational states
Oxygen monitoring is done in beyond normal and
hypothetical conditions.