INTRODUCTION:

All successful hospitals are based

on the triad of good planning,
design and administration.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN PLANNING:

Protection of patient
Plan for shortest possible traffic route
Separation of dissimilar activities
Control

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS: TWO TYPES:

1.Speciality hospitals
2.General hospitals
GROUPING OF HOSPITALS:
Category A: 25 to 50 beds
Category B: 51 to 100 beds
Category C: 101 to 300 beds
Category D: 301 to 500 beds
Category E: 501 to 750 beds

ENTRANCES TO HOSPITAL

1.Main entrance (SHOULD HAVE

SEPARATE IN AND OUT GATES FOR
UNINTERRUPTED ENTRY TO THE
EMERGENT PATIENT)
2.In patient entry :
I.P.D
3.Out patient entry : O.P.D
CORRIDORS:
Access corridors :
min.1.5 m
Corridors for trolleys:
2.25 m
Windows should not be
further than 25m
DOORS:

HOSPITALS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO TWO MAIN SECTIONS:

MEDICAL SECTION-

LIFTS
:
One multi-purpose lift should be provided per
bed.

NON MEDICAL SECTION-

1.PATIENT CARE DIVISION:

1.ADMINISTRATIVE:
.OPD
.Medical records
.IPD
.Purchase
.Emergency
.Accounts
2. DIAGNOSTIC DEPT.- 2.
ENGINEERING
.Radiology
SERVICES:
.Pathology
.A.C.
.OT
.Water supply
.Delivery suits
.Fire fighting
.Medical gas
3. SUPPORT SERVICES .Sewerage disposal
.Dietary
.Electric substation
.Laundry
.Ancillary activities
.Stores

STAIRS
Width:
Riser:
Tread:

min. 1.5 m, max. 2.5 m

170 mm
min. 280 mm

SURGICAL DEPARTMENT:

TYPES OF NURSING ROOMS:

GENERAL WARD
3- BEDROOM: 7.0 X 3.5M
FACILITIES:

1BEDROOM:
3.4
X
3.5
M
CENTRAL STERILIZATION:
4- BEDROOM: 5.35X 6.4MNursing station

2BEDROOM:
5.35X
3.50M
40- 120 sqm
Workroom for nursing
ANAESTHETICS ROOM:
staf
approx 3.8X 3.8 m
Room for staf nurse
I.C.U SIZE:
14- 21 sqm
Room for head nurse
NURSES WORKING AREA:
25- 30 sqm
Examination and
REST ROOM/ KITCHENETTE:
15 sqm
treatment room
STATION DOCTOR:
16- 20 sqm
Laboratory
PATIENTS LOUNGE:
22-25 sqm
Ward pantry
Ward store
EMERGENCY TREATMENT ROOMS: 20- 25 sqm
Toilets
(should be located on the ground floor)
OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT (O.P.D)
TYPES OF WARDS: 3 TYPES
Ward shall comprise of 24-36 beds
Area of 7 sqm per bed is recommended
Should be arranged with a minimum
distance of 2.25m between centres of two
beds
Clearance of 200mm between the bed and
wall
Width of the doors shall not be less than
1.2m
Should have a dado to a height of 1.2 m

RADIOLOGY:
Jaw X-ray:
12-18
sqm
Standard X-ray:
20- 30
sqm
(Additional room for film developing)
CT Scan:
35 sqm
Walls, ceilings and floors must be
shielded with lead sheeting, thickness
depending on type of equipment used

Facilities for screening, counselling, clinical

examination etc.
Reception and registration counters provided
near entrance.
Cluster of 3 to 4 examination rooms is made for
each speciality with waiting areas in front.
AREA REQUIREMENTS:
Reception:
20sqm
O.P.D dispensing services:
20 sqm
Sample collection chambers: 8 sqm
Waiting area:
150 sqm
Consultation room:
12 sqm
INTERNAL
MEDICINE
AREA:
Examination
room:TREATMENT9sqm
Examination room:
25 sqm
Administration office:
20 sqm
Senior physicians room:
15-20 sqm
Chief physicians room:
20- 25 sqm
RADIOTHERAPY:
Doctors room:
approx.18 sqm
Switch room:
15 sqm
Service room:
20 sqm
Store
Film developing
room:
Cleaners
room
10 sqm
Changing
cubicle with each treatment room
Clear height :
4.30 m
Wall thickness:
1.
Primary radiation:
3m
2.
Secondary radiation:
1.5 m

VARIOUS OTHER CLINICS ARE:

Orthopaedics clinic
Plaster room (4m X 5m)
Dental clinic
Pediatric clinic
Skin and STD clinic
Gynecology clinic
Psychiatric clinic
E.N.T clinic (2.5 X 3.5 m)
Eye clinic(min. 2.5 X 3 m)
Chest clinic
Blood bank

NON-MEDICAL SECTION
ADMINISTRATION AREA:(100 BED OCCUPANCY LEVEL)
per member of staf:
7- 12 sqm
Reception and admission: 25sqm
Cash desk:
12 sqm
Accounts:
12 sqm
Adm. directors office:
20 sqm
Secretarial room:
10 sqm
Nurses office:
20 sqm
CASUALTY ROOM:
Examination room (first aid): 15 sqm
Washroom:
15 sqm
Ante- room:
10 sqm
Standing room for min 2 stretchers
Laundry store
Mortuary (separate)

OTHER SERVICES:
Kitchen:
Clear height of kitchen hall :
4.0m
CENTRAL
A.C PLANT ROOM
per person space:
1 sqm
Cold store:
8 sqm
Goods delivering area:
15- 20 sqm
( connected to administration )
Main store:
20 sqm
Dry goods:
20 sqm

ELECTRIC SYSTEM:

Fire pump room

Fire lifts

To support various equipments installed in

various departments of hospital and for
general lighting purpose
SANITARY SYSTEM:

Provision for wash basin

Provision for portable water
Provision for hot water
Toilet facilities for male, female, staf and
Underground tank:
doctors.
Terrace tank:
MEDICAL GAS SUPPLY:
Sprinklers:
Comprises of oxygen and nitrous oxide. Hose reels
Safety valves provided to be set at 1.5
the MANAGEMENT:
working pressure.
SOLIDtimes
WASTE

1,00,000 l
20,000 l
9 sqm each

Incinerators
Electric incinerators
FIRE FIGHTING:
Fire exits

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR

SOME SPECIALITY AREAS:
Smoke detectors

Fire extinguishers

OPERATION THEATRE:
Introduce fresh, uncontaminated air.
Prevent contamination from adjacent
areas.
Temp range should be between 23 to
24 deg C
Relative humidity shall be maintained
at 55 or +-5%
LABOUR- DELIVERY SUITES:
Temperature is kept at 23 deg C

MORGUE AND AUTOPSY

ROOMS:
A larger air supply and
exhaust system should be
provided to reduce odour
problem.
SUPPLY TO OPERATING
ROOMS:

Air supply should be from

ceiling outlets
Return should be from floor
PARKING:
level

One car parking:

250 sqm
One scooter parking: 100 sqm
NURSERIES:
50 sqm
Temperature maintained at 25 deg C One cycle parking:
Relative humidity 55-60 %

CASE STUDY- INDRAPRASTHA APOLLO HOSPITAL,

NEW DELHI

SUBMITTED BY:
SARGAM SOOD - 12619
SHABANI SEHRA- 12624

CASE STUDY- INDRAPRASTHA APOLLO HOSPITAL,

NEW DELHI

SUBMITTED BY:
SARGAM SOOD - 12619
SHABANI SEHRA- 12624

SECOND FLOOR
LOWER BASEMENT FLOOR

UPPER BASEMENT FLOOR

FOURTH FLOOR

FIRST FLOOR

CASE STUDY- INDRAPRASTHA APOLLO HOSPITAL,

NEW DELHI

FIFTH FLOOR

SUBMITTED BY:
SARGAM SOOD - 12619
SHABANI SEHRA- 12624

VIEW OF CLUSTER

TYPICAL
CLUSTER
FIRST FLOOR
Features
Each house is directly connected to the public roads at one
end and to the community back-garden at the other.
Entrance to these back-gardens is possible only at certain
gate-way entrances - at which are located public amenities
(kindergartens, community centres, etc) to provide easy and
informal control.
Analysis

Grid iron pattern road development.

Area divided into sectors.
School, club, community centre located at Sector V the largest sector.
Buildings are strictly G+1 structures.
Green areas on the inside, roads on the outside.
Walking distances vary from.
Population density : 0.8 person /m2
20-200m

CASE STUDY- TITAN TOWNSHIP, BANGLURU

which cannot be entered except through one of the

surrounding houses.
This provides special amenities and security to the
families who live there, but gives a special identity to their
neighborhood.
The idea was not to build an isolated company town, but
instead to create workers housing that was an organic
part of the urbanization taking place outside Bangalore.
Now in such context, how does one establish a certain
modicum of order and thus avoid growing urban chaos?
To address this issue, a Master plan was developed which,
within the existing pattern of municipal roads, inlaid back
gardens of three basic sizes-making a fundamental
difference to the lifestyles of the families living around the
garden. The leftover edges of the site were then sealed off
with rows of individual plots, for sale to those owners who
wish to build independent houses.
The basic module is the smallest back-garden which, with
the surrounding house-plots, measures 45m x 45m. These
are combined to form clusters of 2, 4, 16 modules. The
roads servicing these modules are kept to very short culde-sacs, so they can carry an unusually high level of
service infrastructure (underground electric lines, cable
television, etc.) and yet remain affordable in context. In
these modules, each house is directly connected to the
public roads at one end and to the community backgarden at the other. Outsider access to these back-garden
is possible only at certain gateway entrances at which
are located public amenities (kindergartens, community
centers, etc.) to provide easy an informal control.

Back-to-Back Cluster

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS OF CLUSTER

PLANNING FOR HOUSING

Clusters when joined back to back and/or on sides.

Plot size:

INTERLOCKING CLUSTER
BACK-TO-BACK CLUSTER
CLUSTER

INTERLOCKING CLUSTER

CLOSED CLUSTER

Closed Clusters

Clusters with only one common entry into cluster open

space .

Cluster

Plots or dwelling units or housing grouped around an open

space .
Ideally housing cluster should not be very large. In ground
and one storeyed structures not more than 20 houses
should be grouped in a cluster.
Clusters with more dwelling units will create problems in
identity, encroachments and of maintenance.
Cul-de-sac Cluster
Plots/dwelling units when located along a pedestrianized or
vehicular cul-de-sac road.

Open Clusters
Cluster where cluster open spaces are linked to form a
continuous open space.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW INCOME

HOUSING IN URBAN AREAS
The layout should generally conform to the
following land use:

General

Group Housing:

Saleable
Hill Area

i) Residential
percent, 35 percent

50
Min

ii) Work places, schools,

20
percent, 15 percent
institutions, shops,
Density
CUL-DE SAC CLUSTER
INDEPENDENT CLUSTER
Max
The density norms for plotted development and mixed
community
places, etc
development shall
be as follows:
Independent Cluster
Non-Saleable
Clusters surrounded from all sides by vehicular access
roads and/or pedestrian paths.
Type of Development
Range
of Densities
i) Roads, pedestrian
paths,
30
percent, 50 percent (Gross)
a) Plotted development
plots per hectare
Interlocking Cluster
drains, public 65-120
and semib) Mixed development
Clusters when join that back and on sides with at least oneMax
i) Small towns
75-100
dwelling units
side of a cluster common and having some dwelling units
public open
spaces.
per hectare
opening onto or having access from the adjacent clusters.
ii) Cities
100-125 dwelling units
Dwelling units in such clusters should have at least two
per hectare
sides open to external open space.
iii) Metropolitan Cities 125-150 dwelling units
Houses in an interlocking cluster can have access,
per hectare
ventilation and light from the adjacent cluster and should
also cater for future growth.

Pedestrian paths and vehicular access roads to clusters

separating two adjacent clusters may be bridged to
provide additional dwelling units.
While bridging the pedestrian path way minimum
clearance should be one storey height; length of such
bridging should be not more than two dwelling units.
While bridging the vehicular access roads minimum
clearance should be 6 m.

Pedestrian Paths
Minimum width of pedestrian paths shall be 3 m.

Setbacks:

No setbacks are needed from the edges of cluster as

pedestrian/vehicular access roads surrounding the
cluster

Density:

Cluster planning methodologies result in higher densities

with low rise structures.
With per dwelling unit covered area of 15 m2 densities of
500 dwelling units per hectare (net) shall be permissible.
Densities higher than this should not allowed.

Requirements of Building Design:

LITERATURE STUDY

Group housing may be permitted with in cluster housing

concept.
However, dwelling units with plinth areas up to 20m2
should have scope for adding a habitable room.
group housing in a cluster should not be more than 15 m
in height

Right to Build in Sky:

Land Under Each Use

The minimum plot size permissible shall be 15m2 with

100% ground coverage and FSI of 200% ground coverage
and FSI of two will be applicable up to plot size of 25m2.
For plot size beyond 25m2, provision in accordance with
good practice shall b applicable

With the exception of clauses mentioned above

requirements of building will be governed by the
provision of National Building Code.
Requirements of fire safety, structural design, building
services and plumbing services shall be as specified in
National Building Code

REFERENCES:
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE-2005

Specifics
Located in Hosur, near Bengaluru.
Designed by Charles Correa.
The client, one of the most successful and enlightened
industrial units in
India, wished to
set up housing for their workers
Not in the form of an isolated company town, but as an
integral part of the new urbanisation taking place outside
the small town of Hosur.
Green areas created by Titan are accessible to the public at
Site
large.
Many
of the in
sites
houses
to outsiders.
It is located
theand
outskirts
ofare
thebeing
city ofsold
Hosur
and is just
of
There
a natural
mixand
of population,
rightfrom
fromthe
therailway
start.
the is
Mathigiri
road
is about 3 kms
station.
The city experiences a pleasantly moderate climate.
The site is mostly flat.
It surrounded by privately owned residential plots.

The basic square modules are 48 metres by 48 metres and

these are combined to form clusters of 2,4,8 or 16 modules.
The roads servicing these modules are kept to very short culde-sacs, so they can carry an unusually high level of service
infrastructure (underground electric lines, cable television,
etc) and yet make it such infrastructure afordable in the
Indian economic context.

VIEW
OF
CLUS
TER

TYPICAL
MODULE
VIEW OF ENTRANCE TO SECTOR
V
Classification of Houses

12m wide road

SECTOR
ENTRANCE

CENTRAL
AREA

MASTER PLAN TITAN

TOWNSHIP

VIEW OF GUEST
HOUSE

VIEW
OF
CLUS
TER
VIEW OF GUEST HOUSE FROM CENTRAL GREEN
AREA

All houses are 3 bedroom duplexes.

The types are classified on basis of location and size of the
garden provided.
They are in ascending order of size of green area as given:
A1, A2, A3
B (corner blocks)
C (corner blocks)
D1, D2, D3
E
F1, F2
In a standard cluster of 16, the ratio is:
A1A2:A3:B:C:D1:D2:D3 = 2:3:1:3:3:2:2
The ratio given above varies and so do the types in the
cluster.

Typical
Cluster
Ground Floor