Scribd
Upload
1K views14 pages

Otitis Media

This document discusses different types of inner ear disorders including otitis media. It defines acute otitis media as a short-term infection of the middle ear caused by pathogens like streptococcus pneumoniae. Risk factors include young children and Eustachian tube dysfunction from upper respiratory infections. Symptoms include earache and decreased hearing. Treatment is with antibiotics. Serous otitis media involves fluid buildup without infection, often seen after radiation or pressure changes. Chronic otitis media results from repeated acute infections damaging ear tissues, leading to persistent drainage and possible surgery. Surgical procedures to manage various ear disorders are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Melissa David
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views14 pages

Otitis Media

This document discusses different types of inner ear disorders including otitis media. It defines acute otitis media as a short-term infection of the middle ear caused by pathogens like streptococcus pneumoniae. Risk factors include young children and Eustachian tube dysfunction from upper respiratory infections. Symptoms include earache and decreased hearing. Treatment is with antibiotics. Serous otitis media involves fluid buildup without infection, often seen after radiation or pressure changes. Chronic otitis media results from repeated acute infections damaging ear tissues, leading to persistent drainage and possible surgery. Surgical procedures to manage various ear disorders are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Melissa David
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Otitis Media
  • Objectives
  • Pathophysiology of Otitis Media
  • Acute Otitis Media
  • Symptoms of Acute Otitis Media
  • Tympanic Membrane
  • Management of Acute Otitis Media
  • Serous Otitis Media
  • Symptoms of Serous Otitis Media
  • Management of Serous Otitis Media
  • Chronic Otitis Media
  • Symptoms of Chronic Otitis Media
  • Management of Chronic Otitis Media
  • Surgical Management

OTITIS MEDIA

Esther Obedoza
Melissa David

Objectives:
Know the etiology, risk factors, sign and symptoms,
and pathophysiology
Differentiate the various types of inner ear disorder
Identify the different types of surgical procedures and
management

Pathophysiology

Predisposing Factors:
-infants and young
children (6mos-3 y/o)

Obstruction in the ET

Prevents drainage of
normal secretions

Negative pressure
Pathogens from the URT
enters the middle ear through
the contaminated secretions
in the nasopharynx

Local infection in the


middle ear

Pulls interstitial fluid

Earache, swelling,
redness

Pus Formation
Decreased hearing

Precipitating Factors:
-children w/ congenital
abnormalities
-exposure to cigarette
smoking
-URTI
-Allergy

Acute Otitis Media


An acute infection of the middle ear
Lasting less than 6 weeks

Most frequent in children

Pathogens: S. Pneumoniae, H. Influenzae, Moraxella


catarrhalis
Enters the middle ear after Eustachian tube dysfunction
r/t URTI, adenoid hypertrophy, allergic reactions,
cigarette smoke

Acute Otitis Media: Symptoms


Unilateral in adults
Otalgia
Fever
Conductive hearing
loss
Normal external
auditory canal
No pain with
movement of auricle
Tympanic membrane
is erythematous and
often bulging

Tympanic Membrane

NORMAL

AOM

Acute Otitis Media: Management


Broad spectrum antibiotic
Antibiotic otic preparations
Condition may become subacute (3wks-3months) with
persistent purulent discharge
Rarely permanent hearing loss
Surgery:

Myringotomy/Tympanotomy

Serous Otitis Media


Middle ear effusion
Involves fluid without active infection
Results from (-) pressure in the middle ear
Freq seen in: after radiation therapy or barotrauma
(sudden presssure change in the middle ear like scuba
diving or airplane descent), eustachian tube
dysfunction from respi infection or allergy

Serous Otitis Media: Symptoms


Fullness in the ear or sensation of congestion
Popping and crackling noises as the eustachian
tube attempts to open
Air bubbles are visualized
Conductive hearing loss

Serous Otitis Media:


Management
Need not be treated medically unless infection occurs
(AOM)
Myringotomy
Corticosteroids in small doses
Valsava maneuver may be cautiously performed

Chronic Otitis Media


Result of repeated AOM causing irreversible tissue
pathology and persistent perforation of the tympanic
membrane
Damage the tympanic membrane, destroy the ossicles,
and involve the mastoid

Chronic Otitis Media:


Symptoms
Symptoms may be minimal
Persistent or intermittent, foul-smelling otorrhea
Perforation of tympanic membrane
Pain is usually not experienced, except in cases of
acute mastoiditis
Cholesteatoma
Conductive hearing loss

Chronic Otitis Media: Management


Careful suctioning of the ear
Instillation of antibiotic drops to treat purulent
discharge
Systemic antibiotics are usually not prescribed except
in cases of acute infection
Surgery: Tympanoplasty
Ossiculoplasty
Mastoidectomy

Surgical Management
Myringotomy
-surgical opening of the eardrum
Mastoidectomy
-to remove cholesteatoma, gain access to diseased
structures and create a dry healthy ear
Ossiculoplasty
-surgical reconstruction of the middle ear bones

You might also like