OCCLUSION

IN
PROSTHODONTICS
Dr. Aeysha Siddika
FCPS (Trainee)
Department of prosthodontics
Faculty of Dentistry
BSMMU

OCCLUSION
The static relationship between the
incising or masticating
surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular
teeth or tooth
analogues.

MUTUALLY PROTECTED OCCLUSION

An occlusal scheme in which the
posterior teeth prevent excessive
contact of the anterior teeth in
maximum intercuspation, and the
anterior teeth disengage the
posterior
teeth
in all mandibular
CENTRIC
POSITION
PROTRUSIVE
LATERAL POSITION
POSITION
excursive movements. Working Nonworkin
g
Only posterior tooth
make contact.

Canine and posterior

teeth disclude .

Anterior tooth have a

space of minimum 30
microns.

Mesial inclines of
mandibular first
premolar buccal
cusps may contact.

Maxillar
y canine
guide
the
mandibl
e.
Posterior

No tooth
contacts.

MUTUALLY PROTECTED OCCLUSION

In lateral position, working side

In protrusive position

ADVANTAGES OF MUTUALLY
PROTECTED OCCLUSION
1) Minimum amount of tooth contact is
involved and this makes for better
penetration of the food.
2) The force is closer to the long axis of
each tooth.
3) The arrangement of the marginal,
transverse and oblique ridges so that they
have a shearing action, which makes for a
much more chewing apparatus.

GROUP FUNCTION
Multiple contact relations between the
maxillary and mandibular teeth in
lateral movements on the working
side whereby simultaneous contact
of several teeth acts as a group to
distribute occlusal
CENTRIC
PROTRUSIVE forces.
LATERAL POSITION
POSITION

POSITION

Working

Nonworkin
g

Posterior tooth
make contact.

Canine and
posterior teeth
disclude .

Teeth contact
(mostly
desirable
canine,
premolar,
mesiobuccal
cusp of 1st
molar)

No tooth
contacts.

Anterior teeth may

or may not contact.

GROUP FUNCTION

ADVANTAGES OF GROUP FUNCTION

OCLUSION
1) Lateral pressure are distributed to
all working side tooth.
2) Long centric, so allow some freedom
of movement in an anteroposterior
direction.

BALANCED OCCLUSION
The bilateral, simultaneous, anterior,
and posterior occlusal contact of
teeth in centric and eccentric
positions.
CENTRIC
POSITION

PROTRUSIVE
POSITION

LATERAL POSITION
Working

Nonworkin
g

Anterior and
posterior teeth
contact

All maxillary and

mandibular teeth
contact

Posterior
teeth make
contact

Posterior
teeth make
contact.

BALANCED OCLUSION

In lateral position, working side

In lateral position, balancing side

ADVANTAGES OF BALANCED
OCCLUSION
1) Help to seat the denture in a stable
position during function.
2) Patients do not upset the normal
static, stable, and retentive position
of their dentures.
3) In balanced occlusion, the denture
bases are stable during bruxing
activity.

OCCLUSION IN NATURAL DENTITION

Posterior disclusion on protrusion
Disclusion on non working side
during lateral movement.
Occlusion on working side (either
canine guided/group function) during
lateral movement.

DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR

COMPLETE DENTURE
1) Stability of occlusion in centric
relation.
2) Balanced for all eccentric contacts
bilaterally for all eccentric
mandibular movements

The balancing
arrangement in centric
occlusion, buccal view.

In working occlusion,
buccal view.

In balancing position,
buccal view

3) Control of horizontal forces by buccoligual

cusp height reduction according to the
residual ridge resistance form and interarch
distance.

4) Functional lever balance by

favorable tooth to ridge crest
position

5) Unlocking the cusp mesiodistally to allow

for gradual but inevitable settling of the
bases due to tissue deformation and bone
resorption.
6) Cutting and shearing efficiency of the
occlusal surface (sharp cusps or ridges).
7) Anterior clearance of teeth during
mastication. Minimum occlusal contact
between the upper and lower teeth to
reduce pressure during function.

DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR RPD

**Simultaneous bilateral contacts of opposing posterior
teeth must occur in centric occlusion.
1)Kennedy class-I>>> Mandibular RPD opposed by natural dentition.
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.

>>>Maxillary RPD opposing natural

dentition or mandibular bilateral
distal extension RPD
Simultaneous contact on
working and non working side.

In lateral position, working side

In lateral position, nonworking side

>>>Mandibular RPD opposed by maxillary complete dentureDuring lateral movement, both working and balancing
side make contact.Not necessarily balanced in protrusion.

In lateral position, working side

In protrusive position
In lateral position, nonworking side

2)Kennedy class-II
Contact on working side
No contact on balancing side.

In lateral position, working side

In lateral position, nonworking side

3) Kennedy class-III
similar to occlusion in
harmonious natural dentition

4) Kennedy class-IV
Contact in intercuspal position
No contact in eccentric
position

DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR FPD

**Similar as occlusion in natural dentition
Either mutually protected or group
function occlusion.
**In the following cases, desirable occlusion
should be group function
-Periodontally compromised supporting
anterior teeth.
-Missing canine
-Angle class-II and class-III
malocclusion
-Crossbite

DESIRABLE OCCLUSION FOR OSSTEOINTEGRATED PROSTHESIS

1) Full-arch fixed prosthesis

Bilateral balanced occlusion with opposing
complete denture
Group function occlusion or mutually protected
occlusion with shallow anterior guidance when opposing
natural dentition
Freedom in centric (11.5mm)
2) Overdenture
Bilateral balanced occlusion using lingualized
occlusion
Monoplane occlusion on a severely resorbed ridge

3) Posterior fixed prosthesis

Anterior guidance with natural dentition
Group function occlusion with compromised
canines
Centered contacts, narrow occlusal tables, flat
cusps
Cross bite posterior occlusion when necessary
4) Single implant prosthesis
Anterior or lateral guidance with natural dentition
Light contact at heavy bite and no contact at
light bite
Centered contacts (11.5mm flat area)
Increased proximal contact

References:
1) JUNHEI FUJIMOTO: CONTEMPORARY FIXED
PROSTHODONTICS.
2) HERBERT T. SHILINBURG, FUNDEMENTAL OF FIXED
PROSTHODONTICS.
3) SUMAIYA HOBO: OSSEOINTEGRATION AND OCCLUSAL
REHABILITATION
4)

SHELDON WINKLER: ESSENTIALS OF COMPLETE DENTURE

PROSTHODONTICS.
5) DEEPAK NALLASWAMY VEERAIYAN: TEXTBOOK OF
PROSTHODONTICS
6) SOME INFORMATION FROM INTERNATE