4th Phase

One Way ANOVA

Konsep
Mengukur perbezaan sekurangkurangnya tiga kategori terhadap
pembolehubah bersandar
Syarat:
Taburan normal DV
Ada latar teori

Contoh kajian
Penggunaan letrik dan gas di
bandaraya Australia. Pengkaji ingin
mengetahui adakah penggunaan
letrik dan gas dalam kalangan
bandaraya di Australia berbeza atau
sebaliknya.

RQ & Ho
RQ: Adakah terdapat perbezaan antara
bandar berdasarkan jumlah
penggunaan tenaga letrik dan gas?
Ho: Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang
signifikan antara bandar berdasarkan
jumlah penggunaan tenaga letrik dan
gas.

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis

Analyze
Compare
Means and
One-Way
ANOVA
Select
variable, click
button into
Dependent
List box
Select
independent
variable and
click the
button to
move into the
Factor box

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis

Select variable,
click button into
Dependent
List box
Select
independent
variable and
click the button
to move into the
Factor box
Click Option
Click
Descriptive and
Homogeneity of
variance test
Click Continue

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis

Select variable, click

button into
Dependent List
box
Select independent
variable and click
the button to move
into the Factor box
Click Option
Click Descriptive
and Homogeneity
of variance test
Click Continue

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis

Click on the
Post Hoc
You can see
One Way
ANOVA
Click on the
check box
Tukey for
Tukeys HSD
multiple
comparison
Click Continue
and OK

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis
Levenes test for homogeneity
of variances is not significant
(p>.05), so we could say that
the population variances for
each group are approximately
equal

Significant can be determined by looking at the F-probability

value. Given that p < 0.05, we can reject the null hypothesis
and accept the alternative hypothesis that states expenditur
on electricity and gas is different across capital cities

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis

We can go further and

determine which
cities
is there a significant
difference in energy
cost? Tukeys HSD
test shows that
Adelaide and Perth
have significantly
different mean
energy costs.

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis
Descriptives
mikro1

95% Confidence Interval for Mean

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

Lower Bound

Upper Bound

Minimum

Maximum

matrik

12

61.92

7.561

2.183

57.11

66.72

45

70

stpm

11

73.73

8.615

2.598

67.94

79.51

58

84

diploma

12

70.33

9.528

2.751

64.28

76.39

56

85

Total

35

68.51

9.748

1.648

65.17

71.86

45

85

ANOVA
mikro1

Sum of Squares
Between Groups

df

Mean Square

860.978

430.489

Within Groups

2369.765

32

74.055

Total

3230.743

34

F
5.813

Sig.
.007

Example: One-way ANOVA with

post-hoc analysis
Multiple Comparisons
mikro1
Tukey HSD
95% Confidence Interval
(I) saluran

(J) saluran

matrik

stpm

diploma

Std. Error

Sig.

Lower
Bound

Upper
Bound

-11.811*

3.592

.007

-20.64

-2.98

-8.417

3.513

.057

-17.05

.22

11.811*

3.592

.007

2.98

20.64

diploma

3.394

3.592

.616

-5.43

12.22

matrik

8.417

3.513

.057

-.22

17.05

-3.394

3.592

.616

-12.22

5.43

diploma
stpm

Mean Difference
(I-J)

matrik

stpm

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.