6 Week Industrial

Training at
Guru Nanak Dev Thermal
Plant
Bathinda

SUBMITTED TO:Mechanical Dept.

Submitted by:AMANDEEP KAUR

Roll no.:-21303001
Class:- B.Tech 3rd year
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INTRODUCTION

Guru Nanak Dev thermal power plant is a coal-based plant. The requirement of
coal for four units based on specific fuel consumption of 0.60 kg/kWh. The conveying
and crushing system will have the same capacity as that of the unloading system.
The coal comes in as large pieces. This coal is fed to primary crushers, which reduce
the size of coal pieces from 400mm to 150mm. Then the coal is sent to secondary
crusher through forward conveyors where it is crushed from 150mm to 20mm as
required at the mills. Then the coal is sent to boilers with the help of primary fans. The
coal is burnt in the boilers. Boiler includes the pipes carrying water through them;
heat produced from the combustion of coal is used to convert water in pipes into
steam. This steam generated is used to run the turbine. When turbine rotates, the
shaft of generator, which is mechanical coupled to the shaft of turbine, gets rotated
so, 3 phases electric supply is produced.
The basic requirements are:Fuel(coal)
Boiler
Steam turbine
Generator
Ash Handling System
Unit auxiliaries

HISTORY
Due to high rate of increasing population day by day, widening gap
between power demand and its availability was one the basic reason
for envisaging the G.N.D.T.P. for the state of Punjab. The other factors
favouring the installation of thermal power station were low initial cost
and comparatively less gestation period compared to hydro electric
generating stations. The foundation stone of G.N.D.T.P. at bathinda was
laid on 19th November 1969, the auspicious occasion of 500th birth
anniversary of the great Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
The historic town of bathinda was selected for this first and
prestigious thermal project of the state due to its good railway
connections for fast transportations of coal, availability of canal water
and proximity to load center.
The total installed capacity of the power station 440MW with four
units of 110MW each. The first unit of the plant was commissioned in
September,1974. Subsequently second, third and fourth units started
generation in September 1975, March 1978, January 1979 respectively.
The power available from this plant gives spin to the wheels of industry
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and agricultural pumping sets.

LANDMARKS ACHIVED
G.N.D.T.P. won an award of Rs. 3.16 crores from Govt. of India for
better performance in 1983-84.
It achieved a rare distinction of scoring hart Rick by winning meritorious
productivity award of Govt. of India, Ministry of Energy for year 1987,1988
and 1989 due to its better performance.
It again won meritorious productivity awards during the year 1992-1993
and 1993-1994 and has become entitled for the year 1996-1997 for the
better performance
It also won awards for the reduction in fuel oil consumption under Govt.
of India incentive scheme years 1992-93 (awards money for 1992,1993
and 1994 already released for 1995,1996 and 1997 under the
consideration of Govt. of India).
G.N.D.T.P. had acheived a generation of 2724240 LUs (at a PLf of 70%)
and registering an oil consumption as low as 1.76ml/kWh during the year
1993-94 has broken all previous records of performance since the
inception of plant
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WORKING OF G.N.D.T.P

CHP (Coal Handling Plant)

The G.N.D.T.P. units are primarily coal-fired units and the coal consumption
at maximum continuous rating per unit is about 58 T/hr. the coal used at
G.N.D.T.P. is of bituminous and sub-bituminous type and this is received
some collieries of M.P. and Bihar.
UNLOADING OF COAL:In order to unload coal from the wagons, two Rotaside Tipplers of
Elecon make are provided. Each is capable of unloading 12 open types of
wagons per hour. Normally one tippler will be on operation while the other
will be standby. The loaded wagons are brought to the tippler side by the
loco shunters. Then with the help of inhaul beetel one wagon is brought on
the tippler table. The wagon is tilted upside down and emptied in the hopper
down below. The tippler is equipped with the integral weighbridge machine.
The machine consist of a set of weighing levers centrally disposed relative to
tippler. The rail platform rests on the weighing girders and free from rest of
the tippler when the wagon is being weighed. After weighing the loaded
wagons is tipped and returned empty to the weighing girders and weighed.
Thus the difference of gross weight and the tare weight of the wagon
contents. The tipplers are run by motors of 80 H.P. each through gears only.
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WAGON TIPPLER
When coal reaches the plant, normal size of coal is about 500mm primary
crusher 120mm secondary crusher 25mm coal mill pulvarised
coal , feeded in boiler.
Before this boiler is preheated with oil upto 350 C, then oil supply is cut
down.
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COOLING TOWERS

Cooling Towers of the power plant are the landmark of the bathinda city
even for a far distance 8-10 km. one cooling tower is provided for each unit
for cooling 18000 tones of water per hour by 10 C. cooling towers are the
massive Ferro-concrete structure having hyperbolic profile creating natural
draught responsible for achieving the cooling effect. Cooling tower is as
high as 40 storey building.

Turbines
The steam rotates the turbine blades at a high speed of 3000 rpm. This
turns the power generator, which is directly connected to the turbines, and
electricity is produced as a result. This electric power is then delivered
along power transmission lines and through substations to the homes of
the customers.
Turbine is a prime mover for the Generator in the power plant. In steam
turbine, the potential energy of steam is transformed into kinetic energy
and later is transformed into the mechanical energy of the rotation of the
turbine shaft. The common turbines are :1.

IMPULSE TURBINE :- In this type of turbine, steam expands in the

nozzles and its pressure does not alter as it moves over the blades.

2.

REACTION TURBINE:- In this type of turbine, the steam expand

continuously as it passes over the blades and thus there is a gradual
fall in pressure during expansion.
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Different types of steam turbines are used in Thermal Power Plant but the ones which are
used at G.N.D.T.P. are categorized as follows:Sr. No.
Type Of Turbine
Turbines at G.N.D.T.P
1.
Horizontal/Vertical
Horizontal
2.
Single/Multi-cylinder
Multi-cylinder (3 cylinder)
3.
Impulse/Reaction
Impulse
4.
Condensing/Non-condensing
Condensing
5.
Reheat/Non-reheat
Reheat
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Rotor

The turbo-generator rotor is forged from a single piece of special

chromium, nickel and molybdenum alloy steel carefully heat treated to

obtain the required mechanical and magnetic properties. The forging
undergoes a series of stringent quality control tests, before it is accepted
for further processing. Longitudinal slots are then milled radially in by
rotor body and winding. The field coils are held in the slots against
centrifugal force by wedges, both magnetic and non-magnetic types being
used to ensure a better wave from flux distribution. These wedges
individually fitted and driven into dovetail openings machined in the rotor.

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