COMMUNICATION

Communication is the process of exchanging information

and understanding between people.

1. Communication involves transmission and reception of

messages.
2. Communication involves people, at least two – one to
transmit the message ”sender” and another to receive
the message “receiver”
3. Communication is best described as a process because
it is active, continuous, reciprocal and dynamic.
SIGNIFICANCE
Process of communication makes it possible for the
managers to carry out their tasks.
Information must be communicated to managers so
that the will have basis for planning; the plans must
be communicated to others in order to be carried
out.
Effective communication is important for managers
in organizations to perform their basic functions of
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
Communication is significant as it serves four
major function within a group or organization:
1. Communication helps control member behaviour
2. Communication fosters motivation by clarifying to
employees what is to be done.
3. Communication provides information to individuals
and members for taking a decision by identifying
and evaluating alternative choices.
4. Communication can play a major role in changing
people’s attitude. It is the essence of social
behavior
Good & Effective Communication
Effective communication occurs when the sender
obtains his intended results from the receiver.

Good communication occurs when the receiver

correctly understands the message. In good
communication, understanding is the goal that is
achieved.
Barriers to Effective Communication
Because of the complexity of the communication
process, problems arise at every stage resulting in
distortion of communication.
 Communication Barriers
Strategies to Overcome the Barriers
Sender Related Barriers
Communication Skills Sender’s Responsibilities
Inter Personal Sensitivity Goals
Communication goals Language
Differing Frames of reference Empathy
Fear Credibility
Sender’s Credibility Feedback
Face-To-Face Communication
Situation Related Barriers Redundancy
Jargon Trusting Climate
Information overload Pictures
Communication Climate
Murphy’s Laws

Reciever Related Barriers

Selective & Poor listening
Evaluation of source
Perception
Lack of Feedback
Meta communication
Receiver’s Responsibilties
Listening
Avoid Premature Judgemnet
Responsive Feedback
Communication Flows
 Downward Flow
 Distortion
1. Reliance upon written diffusion method
2. Message overload
3. Timing
4. Filtering

 Improving
1. They must specify objective for communicating
2. Content of communication should contain qualities like
accuracy, specific and no hidden meaning.
3. Should employ best communication technique to get the
message across the receiver.
 Upward Flow
Distortion
1. Nature of hierarchical organization
2. Filtering of information take place
3. Fear of expressing true feelings about the
company to their boss
 Improving
1. Open Door Policy
2. Suggestion System
3. Participation in social group
4. Employee Letters
 Lateral or Horizontal Flow
Distortion
1. Too much horizontal communication may weaken
the organization
2. Departments do not like sharing information
3. Little in common in sharing with other departments
4. Management do not encourage

 Improving
1. Balance in this flow to be found
2. Task forces and committees to be formed