Introduction to

Computer Vision
Vedant Aggrawal 13csu136

What is Computer Vision?

Computer vision is the science and technology of
machines that see.
to duplicate the abilities of human vision by
electronically perceiving and understanding an image
Concerned with the theory for building artificial
systems that obtain information from images.
The image data can take many forms, such as a video
sequence, depth images, views from multiple
cameras, or multi-dimensional data from a medical
scanner

Limitations of Human
Vision
limited memory-cannot remember a quickly flashed
image
limited to visible spectrum
illusion

Components of a computer
vision system
Camera
Lighting

Computer
Scene

Scene Interpretation

Vision is multidisciplinary

Applications
Robotics
Industrial Automation
Medicine
Security
Transportation

Robotics
Localization-determine robot location
automatically (e.g. Vision-based GPS)
Obstacles avoidance
Navigation and visual serving
Human Robot Interaction (HRI): Intelligent robotics
to interact with and serve people

Vision in space

NASA'S Mars Exploration Rover Spirit captured this westward view from atop
a low plateau where Spirit spent the closing months of 2007.

Vision systems (JPL) used for several tasks

Panorama stitching
3D terrain modeling
Obstacle detection, position tracking

Industrial Automation
Industrial inspection (defect detection and
mensuration)
Barcode and package label reading (e.g. iPhone
scanner)
Document understanding and object recognition
(e.g. OCR)

Optical character
recognition (OCR)

Technology to convert scanned docs to text

If you have a scanner, it probably came with OCR software

Digit recognition

License plate readers

Object recognition (in

supermarkets)

LaneHawk by EvolutionRobotics
A smart camera is flush-mounted in the checkout lane, continuously
watching for items. When an item is detected and recognized, the
cashier verifies the quantity of items that were found under the basket,
and continues to close the transaction. The item can remain under the
basket, and with LaneHawk,you are assured to get paid for it

Industrial robots

Vision-guided robots position nut runners on wheels

Medicine (Medical
Imaging)
Classification and detection (e.g. lesion or cells
classification and tumor detection)
2D/3D segmentation
3D human organ reconstruction (MRI or ultrasound)
Vision-guided robotics surgery
3D imaging

Image guided surgery

Security
Biometrics (retina scan, finger print, face
recognition, smile recognition)
Surveillance-detecting certain suspicious activities
or behaviors

Transportation
Autonomous vehicle
Safety e.g. driver vigilance monitoring
Vision systems currently in high-end BMW, GM,
Volvo and tesla models

Thank You