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EN.NO
ROLL NO.
NISCHAL AHIR
(130860102002)
(1)
SOFIA ALI
(130860102005)
(2)
DEVENDRA BARIA
(130860102006)
(3)
HARDIK BHANUSHALI
(130860102010)
(4)
INTRODUCTION
(2) LADDER
The
ladder frame is one of the simplest and oldest of all designs. It consists
of two symmetrical beams, rails, or channels running the length of the
vehicle, and several transverse cross-members connecting them. Originally
seen on almost all vehicles, the ladder frame was gradually phased out on
cars in favour of perimeter frames and unitized body construction. It is now
seen mainly on trucks. This design offers good beam resistance because of its
continuous rails from front to rear, but poor resistance to torsion or warping
if simple, perpendicular cross-members are used. Also, the vehicle's overall
height will be greater due to thefloor pan sitting above the frame instead
of inside it.
(3) SPACEFRAME
In a (tubular) space frame chassis, the suspension, engine, and body
panels are attached to a three-dimensional skeletal frame of tubes, and
the body panels have little or no structural function. In order to
maximise rigidity and minimise weight, the design makes maximum use
of triangles, and all the forces in each strut are either tensile or
compressive, never bending, so they can be kept as thin as possible.
(4) MONOCOQUE
Monocoque is a structural approach whereby loads are supported
through an object's external skin, similar to an egg shell. The technique
may also be calledstructural skin. The wordmonocoqueis
aFrenchterm for "single shell" or "single hull.
Square bar
Round bar
1.0
0.9
5
Round hollow 4.3
tube
Rectangular 6.5
C-channel
Square hollow 7.2
section
Longitudinal
split
= 1.0
tube
Enclosed hollow
= 62.0
tube
Open rectangular C- = 1.0
channel
Closed rectangular =
box-section
105.0
Chassis-member sections
A.Square solid bar.
B. Round solid bar.
C. Circular tube with longitudinal slit.
D. Circular closed tube.
E. C-section.
F. Rectangular box section.
G. Top-hat-section.
H. I-section.
I. Channel flitch plate.
(a) engine
(b)gear box
(c) clutch
(d) propeller shaft and universal joints
(e) drive shafts
(f) final drive
(g) steering
h) brakes.
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