Malaysia

Layout of Presentation
Pre-independence History
Post-independence History
Life of Mahathir Mohammad
Mahathir Mohammed as a Leader
Achievements of Mahathir
Current Malaysia
Conclusion
Questions and Answers Session
2

Presenters
Sohail Maqbool
Maira Rathore
Hirra Pervaiz
Khalid Shah
Sadia Niazi

Mr. Sohail Maqbool

MALAYSIA

Important things
happened not only
centuries before,
but also decades
ago

Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse
AD 1400
S P Parameswara set up a trading base in
Malacca

1511
Portuguese took control

1641
Dutch captured Malacca

1786
British adventurer entered
Penang Malay
6

Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse
1824
Anglo-Dutch treaty signed, British controlled
Malacca, Singapore and Penang
Dutch controlled Sumatra

1840s

Influx of Chinese tin miners to the western coast

1919
British colonial rule throughout the peninsula
7

Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse

1941
Japanese invaded and took control of Malaya
and ruled until 1945

1948
After the war, the British returned
The Malays, Chinese and Indians joined forces
to form an Alliance to fight for independence
8

31st August 1957

Independence Day

Post-Independence History
1957
On August 31, Federation of Malaya became
independent of Britain with Tunku Abdul Rahman
as prime minister

1963
Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak joined the

Federation; Malaya became Malaysia

1965
Singapore withdrew from the Federation
10

Post-Independence History
1970
Abdul Rahman's resignation, Tun Abdul
Razak became the 2nd prime minister and
formed the political coalition

11

Ms. Maira Rathore

12

Emerging Malaysia
Malaysia grown rapidly into an important
trading partner of both USA and Europe
A large Islamic nation with a diverse
population of Malays, Chinese and Indians
Preserves many traditional values while
adapting an increasingly international look

13

Secret Behind the Success

There is only one

top secret behind
the whole story i.e.
Mahathir
Mohammad
The National Hero

14

 Mahathir Mohammad was born on December

20, 1925, in Alor Setar in Northern Malaysia
Graduated in 1953 from University of Malaya
Singapore
According to Mahathir,
This gave me a very good starting point in life:
a strong family, a solid education and a good
religious grounding
Elected to parliament in 1964 as a member of
15

Conti
In 1969 Mahathir was expelled from UMNO
because of conflict with Prime Minister Tunku
Abdul Rahman
Rejoined UMNO in 1970
Reelected to its Supreme Council in 1972 and
to parliament in 1974
Later in 1974 appointed minister of
education.
In 1976 he became deputy prime minister
In June 1981 was elected president of UMNO.
16

Mahathir Mohammad as PM
He became prime Minister
in July 1981
The first commoner to hold
that office

17

Mahathir as PM Transformed
Malaysia
Reformed the tax structure and reduced
trade tariffs
Privatized numerous state-owned
enterprises
Abridge Malaysias ethnic divisions by
increasing general prosperity
The NEP (New Economic Policy)has been
replaced in 1991 by the NDP (New
Development Policy)
18

Mahathir as PM Transformed
Malaysia
Malaysia prospered economically, with

growing manufacturing sector

an expanding middle class
rising literacy rates
increased life expectancies

Significant infrastructure project

North-South Expressway, a highway that
runs from the Thai border to Singapore
19

 Mahathir says,
I inherited the strength of will and pragmatism
from previous prime ministers. From the 1 st I
learnt how to handle race relations. From 2 nd I
learnt pragmatism. I am less diplomatic. I feel
something is right and should be done, I will do
it and will say it. Thats really the difference. All
these ideas were put in place by my
predecessors, so I owe it to them.
20

Ms. Hirra Pervaiz

21

Example of positive discrimination between Malays

and Chinese living in Malaysia
Chinese

Malays
MALAYS (Bumiputras, the
sons of the soil)
Rice Cultivation- Common
occupation
Live in Small Communities
Have Limited Social
Contacts
Mostly Poor and Illiterate

Chinese
Mostly businessmen
Healthy and influential
Developed and
economically dominant
Socially effective
educated

22

 Constructive protection was incorporated in

NEP (New Economic Policy) by Abdul
Razzak
According to Mahathir,
The principal purpose was to draw the Malays into
the main stream of the countrys economic life.
The idea isnt to expropriate or redistribute the
wealth of other ethnic groups, but to enrich the
Malays through expanding ECONOMIC CAKE
23

 Quotas were set and Malays receive a

higher number of scholarships as per
their deserving ratios
MCS (Malaysian Civil Service)
Reforms in Malays land Reserve Laws
Issuance of more business contracts and
licenses to Malays.
Credits, office space and other benefits
and economic advantages
24

 Employment rate
4 million in 1970
4.8 million in 1980

Unemployment decreased from 7.8%

to 5.7%
Average Annual Growth Rate
7.3% for 2nd plan period
8.6 for 3rd plan period

25

Mahathir as a Leader
Constructive protection (Positive
Discrimination)
Peaceful coexistence
Tolerance but not at the cost of principles
Trust
Social justice
Desire to excel
Visionary and committed
Discourage hegemony
Effective role in regional, Islamic and Intl
26

Lessons We Can Learn From His

Leadership
Willing to learn
Dare to take the challenge
Communication skills
Passion for belief
Make a correct decision & work it out to
achieve the goals
Understand the requirements of the market
place
Sensitive to the fast changing world
Professionally handle the Diversity at work
place
27

Achievements
1989
Communist Party of Malaysia signed peace accord to abandon
its armed struggle

1990
Sarawak Communist insurgent signed a peace accord with the
government

Vision 2020 through NDP

1993
4 Constitutional amendments to avoid delaying legislation

1998
Kuala Lumpur become the first Asian city to host the Common
Wealth Games
28

Achievements
1999
Mahathir expelled Anwar his Deputy Prime Minister
from the party, United Malays National Organization
(UMNO), found guilty and sentenced to nine years in
prison

2001
Government decided to proceed with construction of
the huge Bakun hydroelectric power project in
Sarawak

2002 Aug
new laws against illegal 29immigrants came into

Mr. Khalid Shah

30

Malaysia After Mahathirs

Reign

31

Current Malaysia
Datuk Seri Najib Tun
Prime Minister of
Malaysia

32

Current Malaysia

Floating Mosque
of Malaysia
33

Current Malaysia
Official Languages
Bahasa Melayu

Other Languages
Chinese , English, Tamil, indigenous

Work force (10.89 million, 2007)

Services: 57%
Industry: 28% (manufacturing-19%, mining and
construction-9%)
Agriculture-15%

34

Current Malaysia
Area: 329,847 sq. km
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Population29,179,952 (July 2011 est.)
Annual population growth rate 1.542%
(2011 est.) 2.0%, (2010)
Ethnic groups: (2012) Malay and
Indigenous 61.4%, Chinese 23.7%, Indian
7.1%, others 7.8%
Religions: (2012) Islam 60.4%, Buddhist
19.2%, Christian 9.1%, Hindu 6.3%, Other
5%
35

ECONOMY

36

ECONOMY
Nominal GDP:
$247.6 billion (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$9204
Natural resources
Agricultural products
Industry
37

ECONOMY
Trade
Marchandise Exports:$212.7
billion (2011 est.),
$197billion(2010)
Electronic products, machinery, liquid
natural gas, petroleum and petroleum
products, telecom equipment.

Major markets
38
China , Singapore, Japan,
U.S. , Thailand

Import and Export

Exports: $212.7
billion (2011 est.),

Imports: $168 billion

(2011 est.),

Electronic Equipment
Petroleum and Liquefied
Natural gas
Wood and its Products
Palm Oil
Rubber
Textile

Electronics
Machinery
Petroleum Products
Plastics
Vehicles
Iron and Steel Products

39

Education
Education expenditures:4.1% of GDP
(2008)
Budget: RM30 billion (USD10 billion)
Literacy (2000 census)
Total Population: 88.7%
Male:92%
Female:85.4% (2000 census)
Literacy (2009 census)
40

Ms. Sadia Niazi

41

Government

42

GOVERNMENT
Federal parliamentary democracy with a
constitutional monarch
Constitution: 1957
Subdivisions: 13 states and three federal
territories (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan Island,
Putrajaya federal administrative territory).

Each state has an assembly and

government headed by a chief minister
43

Branches of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial

44

Malaysian Military Strength

LAND ARMY (2011)

Total Land Weapons: 2,465

Tanks: 74
Towed Artillery: 54
Mortars: 200
AT Weapons: 1,124

AA Weapons: 733
Logistical Vehicles: 3,200

45

Malaysian Military Strength

NAVAL POWER (2011)

Total Navy Ships: 65

Merchant Marine Strength: 321
Major Ports & Terminals: 5
Submarines: 2
Frigates: 4
Patrol Craft: 37
Mine Warfare Craft: 4
Amphibious Assault46 Craft: 1

Malaysian Military Strength

AIR POWER (2011)
Total Aircraft: 258
Helicopters: 103
Serviceable Airports: 118

47

Transport of Malaysia

One of the worlds best transport system is in Malaysia

48

Some quotes by Mahathir

Mohammad

49

I'm a fundamentalist in the true sense.

That is to say, I follow the
fundamentals of religion... But for over
1,400 years people have been
interpreting and re-interpreting the
religion to suit their own purpose! ...
These [extremist and terrorist acts] are
not Islamic fundamentals any more
than the Christians who burned people
at the stake are fundamentalist. They
50

51

The financial turmoil has underscored

the many challenges inherent in
globalization, ... Even as we embrace
it, we must be wary of the dangers
which accompany it.

52

If that is everybody's desire we will have

to consider it

I have promised not to interfere in politics

and I have not said anything about many
things which were done wrong
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54

Conclusion

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