Knowledge sharing sessions

Overview
Used Tools
Technical Procedure

SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
DropRate
Rate

Flow Chart
Exemples

BENAIAD Abdellah

Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate

This chapter is designed to provide an overview

of root cause analysis for SDCCH drop rate KPI.
It addresses the SDCCH drop rate analysis,
investigation procedures and troubleshooting
techniques to degrade the effect of this issue.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate

SDCCH is a bidirectional logical channel used in

different ways:
-Registration: periodic location update, IMSI
attach/detach.
-Call setup: immediate assignment.
-SMS to/from MS in dedicated mode.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop Rate
Rate

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Request and allocation of SDCCH:

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Examples
Examples

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Overview

MSC

Paging

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

BSC

BTS

Paging
command
Channel required

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Paging
request
Channel request

Channel Activation
Ch Activation
Acknowledge
Immediate
assignment
command

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Immediate
assignment

SDCCH Drop Rate

Examples
Examples

MS
PCH
RACH

Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate

SDCCH Drop Rate is a KPI which largely decides

the subscriber service quality , the existing KPI
formula is listed below:
(C10602+C10604+C10605+C10646+C10653+C10601+C10603+C106
06)*100 (C11644+C11646)

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops due to

contact loss between RMM and Service
Management Module (SMM) on SDCCH.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops due to

radio link failure on SDCCH.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops due to

LAPD link failure on SDCCH.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops due to

SDCCH forced
release.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops due to

force release from high priority calls on SDCCH.
BSC receives force release message from BTS
for high priority calls and counter increments.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the number of call drops on SDCCH

due to other causes.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the total number of call drops due

to handover
failure on SDCCH, this counter is not allowed.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

It represents the total number of SDCCH call

drops (short
message).

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11646
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Number of successful SDCCH assignments.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Examples
Examples

Overview

Overview
Introduction
Introduction
SDCCH
SDCCH
Assignment
Assignment on
on
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop Rate
C10601
C10601
C10602
C10602
C10603
C10603
C10604
C10604
C10605
C10605
C10606
C10606
C10646
C10646
C10653
C10653
C11644
C11644
C11646

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Number of successful SDCCH handovers.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Examples
Examples

Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

8/29/16

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

SDCCH Drop Rate

Examples
Examples

Overview
Overview

Used Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business Objects
Objects
Business
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation

which can be used for accessing different

performance statistics, creating queries, setting
up reports, creating variables and using the
Business Objects functions to analyze the data
in the reports.

8/29/16

SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Used Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM 4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation

This tool is used to know the type of

interference
(Co-channel
interference
or
adjacent interference) between cells; and the
value of tilt, azimuth and height of the cell.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Used Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10 OMCR
TEMS
TEMS Investigation
Investigation

which can be used to provide access to all the

available support activities for Operations and
Maintenance in the radio and core networks,
besides, the accessibility to Configuration
Management,
Fault
management
and
Performance management

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Used Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Used Tools
Business
Business Objects
Objects
6.5
6.5
MCOM
MCOM 4.2
4.2
ZXG10
ZXG10 OMCR
OMCR
TEMS Investigation

Ericssons tool which is used to analyze drive

tests on the downlink level.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

Technical Procedure
SDCCH Drop causes
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop
Reasons
Reasons
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

The following are main causes for SDCCH drop

rate:
SDCCH Drops Due connection loss RMM SMM.
SDCCH Drops Due Radio Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due LAPD Failure.
SDCCH Drops Due OMC Forced release
SDCCH Drops Due Preemption.
SDCCH Drops Due Others .
SDCCH Drops Due Handover Failure.
SDCCH Drops SMS (according to the formula of
SDCCH Drop Rate).

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop causes
causes
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

The following are main causes for SDCCH drop

rate:
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH

Drops
Drops
Drops
Drops
Drops
Drops
Drops
Drops

Due connection loss RMM SMM.

Due Radio Failure.
Due LAPD Failure.
Due OMC Forced release .
Due Preemption .
Due Others .
Due Handover Failure.
SMS.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
RADIO link loss
LAPD
LAPD SDDCH
SDDCH Drop
Drop
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

The following are reasons of Radio SDCCH drop:

1. There exists weak coverage area, and radio
signal is weak too.
2 There exists interference, such as intranetwork interference due to unreasonable
frequency planning, and other external
interference, etc.
3 Unreasonable radio parameter setting
4 Equipment hardware fault, such as low
output power of the power amplifier, large
difference among different carrier transmission
power, carrier transmitter fault, combiner fault,
etc.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
RADIO link loss
LAPD
LAPD SDDCH
SDDCH Drop
Drop
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

5 Antenna feeder system fault. For example,

VSWR of antenna feeder is big; antenna is too
high or lower inclination is unreasonable, which
causes too big the coverage range or cross-cell
coverage, and forms the remote isolated island
effect; etc.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH Drop
Reasons
RADIO
RADIO link
link loss
loss
LAPD SDDCH Drop
troubleshooting
troubleshooting

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

The following are reasons of LAPD SDCCH drop:

1 Site transmission problems, such as
transmission interruption or unstable
transmission .
2 Site hardware fault, such as unreliable E1
cable, CMM fault, etc.
3 BSC hardware fault.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Technical Procedure
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop types
types
SDCCH
SDCCH Drop
Drop
Reasons
Reasons
troubleshooting

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical Procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples
Examples

SDCCH Drop rate analysis troubleshooting

procedure:
1. SDCCH availability.
2. SDCCH Drop causes.
3. Basic NMS to know which TRX might be
faulty.
4. Alarms.
5. BTS measurement and cell measurement.
6. Data base parameter.
7. Drive testing and site audit.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow Chart

Examples
Examples

Flow Chart

It is advised to locate the problem by checking

radio parameters together with hardware
troubleshooting.
The flow of handling SDCCH drop is shown
below:

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Start

SDCCH
Drop Rate
high
certain
cell
yes

No

Check
SDCCH
availabilit
y

yes

Open TT
to BSS
team

yes

Is there
LAPD
problem?

No

Open TT
to BSS
team

yes

Is there HW
problem
(cell/TRX/T
S)?

No

Reset cell

*
Is there
LAPD
problem?

**
yes

Open TT to
BSS team

No

RF problems

Whether
radio
parameter
are set
reasonably

yes

Modify
unreasonable
parameters

yes

Trouble
shoot
interference

No

Whether
interferenc
e exist

No

***
Whether
fault exist
in
coverage

yes

Trouble
shoot
coverage

No
Whether
fault exist
in
equipment
HW

yes

Troubleshoot
equipment
fault

yes

Trouble
shoot antenna
feeder fault

No
Whether
fault exist
in antenna
feeder
system

No
yes

restart the
investigation

Whether
the SDCCH
Drop Rate
persist

No

END

Overview
Overview

Exemples
Hardwar Problem
Radio
Radio Problem
Problem
LAPD
LAPD Problem
Problem

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples

22685A:
by checking data base stat, we notice a high
SDCCH Drop Rate on the site.
Problem Description: using ZXG10 OMCR tool,
the problem is a PA power alarm (hardware
problem).
Action Taken: open TT to BSS team to solve the
PA power alarm.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Exemples
Hardwar
Hardwar Problem
Problem
Radio Problem
LAPD
LAPD Problem
Problem

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples

03102A:
Problem Description: Co-channel interference on
the BCCH of 03102A
Action Taken: Changing the BCCH frequency
from:108-->89
22685A:
Problem Description: 22685A of BSCSBA2
(BSC04) is having PA Output Power alarm on
TRX1
Action Taken: Replacing the faulty TRX

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Overview
Overview

Exemples
Hardwar
Hardwar Problem
Problem
Radio
Radio Problem
Problem
LAPD Problem

Used
Used Tool
Tool

Technical
Technical procedure
procedure

Flow
Flow Chart
Chart

Examples

03663A:
Problem Description: Transmission
disconnection problem on the A-bis interface
Action Taken: Fixing the TXM problem

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SDCCH Drop Rate

References list

Reference

[10] sjzl20062303-ZXG10-BSS (V2.97)

Operation Manual (Radio Parameters)
GBO_014_E1_0 Special Topic of Radio Network
Optimization-82
GBC_004_E1_0 Radio parameters -50
ZTE Statistics

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SDCCH Drop Rate

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Appendix
DRT/EDRT
The DRT/EDRT fulfills conversion between voice codes at the GSM radio interface and the PSTN A-law PCM voice codes in the BSC, and implements rate
adaptation (including data services rate adaptation) between them.
DRT: Dual-rate transcoder, realizing the transcoding service processing. It can process 126 FRs or 32 EFRs at most.
EDRT (C62): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs or 126 EFRs at most.
EDRT (C64): Enhanced dual-rate transcoder, an enhanced version of the DRT board. It can process 126 FRs, 126 EFRs or 126 HRs at most.
Functions and Principles
The board has the following functions.

Performs the transcoding and rate adaptation function: It converts the 260-bit vocoder block into one hundred and sixty 8-bit A-law PCM sample
signals, and vice versa. Performs framing and vocoder block synchronization, detect voice activation, regulate the block phase in the downlink direction to
minimize delay, send alarms to BSC by passing through BTS through in-band signaling, processes data blocks in compliance with the protocol standard rate
adaptation and re-assorting them following the A interface requirements.

Provide physical-layer functions of the digital trunk interface.

Separates signals, SS7 links pass transparently, and the service channels pass through the DSP for processing.

Has the HDLC channels communicating directly with the, facilitating O & M Center.
Fig 3.181 shows the DRT/EDRT board organizational diagram. DRT uses eight DSPs, EDRT (C62) uses six, and EDRT (C64) uses two. In the given figure, n = 8, 6,
2 respectively.
The DRT/EDRT comprises the DSP, CPU, and switching circuits. The DSP is responsible for mass calculations, implementing the conversion between radio service
channels and ground service channels. It is the core of the DRT/EDRT board.
Fig 3.181 DRT/EDRT Board Organizational Diagram

DRT/EDRT Board Fault

Fault Symptom
DSP is faulty or communication with the corresponding TCPP is disconnected.
Fault Cause Analysis
Communication between TCPP and DRT/EDRT is faulty. Hardware of the TCPP board is faulty. DSP on the DRT/EDRT board is faulty.
Troubleshooting
Perform the following steps to troubleshoot the fault:
1.
Check whether the corresponding TCPP board is faulty. If it is faulty, troubleshoot the TCPP board fault first.
2.
If the DSP is faulty, then go to step 6.
3.
Check whether there is any clock loss alarm from this board. If there is, then reset and unplug/plug the relevant board.
4.
Check whether the backplane connection cable is loose or modified.
5.
Check whether the foreground and background data are consistent and whether relevant data are configured.
6.
Download the DRT and EDRT versions again and reset the board.
7.
Replace the DRT/EDRT board. If the fault still remains, plug the board to another slot.
Precautions
Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist strap when touching a board or component.

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SDCCH Drop Rate

Radio parameters

Radio parameters setting

Cells minimum access level: which causes SDCCH

drop in weak coverage area.
Unreasonable BSIC setting
Unreasonable power control setting, such as
unreasonable level, quality power control threshold,
which will cause MS to reduce power even in the case
of weak signal and poor call quality. ()
Unreasonable FH parameter setting: parameter
setting Unreasonable MAIO configuration will cause cochannel
interference
and
adjacent-channel
interference within one site.
Incomplete
adjacent-cell
data
definition
or
configuration error
Congestion exists in adjacent cell

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