Chartwork

Exercises
GROUP 3

Course
Course- The line connecting the object's consecutive positions on the ground
is referred to as the ground track. The track the object was intended to follow
is called the route. For ships and aircraft, the route is represented by the
great circle line that connects the previous waypoint with the next waypoint.
The responsibility of a navigator is to make the track coincide as much as
possible with the route. The direction of the route is called the route course.
"Course" exceptionally, and arguably erroneously, may also refer to the
route, such as in a course deviation indicator, in which case it no longer
constitutes an angle but rather a line. The direction of the great circle line
that runs from the current position to the next waypoint is called the course
to steer, or the bearing to that waypoint. The tracking angle is the angle
between the course to steer and the course. The heading is the direction to
which the "nose" of the object is pointing, its orientation.

Distance
Distanceis a numerical description of how far apart objects are. Inphysics
or everyday usage, distance may refer to a physical length, or an estimation
based on other criteria (e.g. "two counties over"). Inmathematics, a distance
function ormetricis a generalization of the concept of physical distance. A
metric is a function that behaves according to a specific set of rules, and is a
concrete way of describing what it means for elements of some space to be
"close to" or "far away from" each other. In most cases, "distance from A to
B" is interchangeable with "distance between B and A".

Symbols

How to find the distance in a

chart

How to find the speed between

two points
You can find the speed of a vessel between two
points by measuring the distance of the two
points and using the formula: Speed=
Distance/Time

Definitions:
Distance made good- The distance traveledaftercorrection forcurrent,
leewayand other errors that may not have been included in the original
distance measurement.
Ships speed- The true speed of your own vessel.
Leeway is the amount of drift motion to leeward of an object floating in the
water caused by the component of the wind vector that is perpendicular to
the objects forward motion.[1] The National Search and Rescue Supplement
to the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual
defines leeway as "the movement of a search object through water caused
by winds blowing against exposed surfaces".[2] However, the resultant total
motion of an object is made up of the leeway drift and the movement of the
upper layer of the ocean caused by the surface currents, tidal currents and
ocean currents.[3] Objects with a greater exposure to each element will
experience more leeway drift and overall movement through the water than
ones with less exposure.

Definitions:
Drift- is the speed of the current.
Set of a current is the direction towards which it flows.
Leeway- is the leeward motion of a vessel due to the
effect of the wind.

How to find distance an course

made good with a tidal steam or
current

How to find distance an course

made good with a tidal steam or
current

Running Fix