GAS TURBINE

STARTUP/ SHUTDOWN
SEQUENCE
WHAT IS SEQUENCING?
1. SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS ARE PROVIDED TO SEQUENCE THE
TURBINE, THE GENERATOR, THE STARTING DEVICE AND THE
AUXILLIARIES DURING STARTUP, RUNNING, SHUTDOWN AND
COOLDOWN.
2. MONITORS THE PROTECTIVE SYSTEM AND OTHER MAJOR
SYSTEMS SUCH AS THE FUEL, HYDRAULIC LUBE OIL SYSTEMS
AND GENERATOR LOGIC SIGNALS TO PERMIT THE GT TO
START AND STOP IN A PRESCRIBED MANNER
3. LOGIC SIGNALS INCLUDE SPEED LEVEL SIGNALS, SPEED
SET-POINT CONTROL, LOAD CAPACITY SELECTION, FUEL
SELECTION, STARTING MEANS AND THE TIMERS

NORMAL STARTING
PROCEDURES AND SEQUENCES
ASSUMPTIONS
1. INITIAL STARTUP AND CHECKOUTS AND CALIBRATIONS
DONE
2. AC AND DC POWER AVAILABLE FOR ALL PUMPS, MOTORS,
HEATERS AND CONTROL
3. ALL ANNUNCIATOR DROPS (ALARMS) ARE CLEARED
4. TURBINE COOLDOWN OR STANDBY MODE READY FOR
NORMAL OPERATION

STARTING SEQUENCES
1) SELECT NORMAL DISPLAY
CRT DISPLAYS :

SHUTDOWN STATUS

NOT READY TO START

OFF COOLDOWN

SELECT OFF

2) SELECT AUTO AND THEN EXECUTE

CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP STATUS

READY TO START

SELECT AUTO

SEQUENCES:
FOLLOWING PROTECTION SYSTEMS CHECKS FOR THE
READY TO START PERMISSIVE ARE CARRIED OUT
1.

TURBINE IS AT ZERO SPEED

2.

LUBE OIL TEMP IS NORMAL

3.

FLAME NOT DETECTED IN ALL SCANNERS

4.

OFF IS NOT SELECTED

5.

FUEL VALVE IS CLOSED AND LOCKOUT IS RESET

6.

COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE IS OPEN

7.

IGV IS CLOSED

8.

OVERSPEED VOLT IS RESET

9.

BEARING AND SEALING VALVE IS OPEN

10. MASTER PROTECTIVE L4 LOGIC IS RESET

11. R, S, T MASTER PROTECTIVE AGREE
12. EOP VOLTAGE NORMAL
13. CUSTOMER PERMISSIVE TO START ARE OK
14. DIESEL ENGINE NOT IN TEST

15.

OFF- LINE DIAGNOSTICS NOT IN PROGRESS

16.

R, S, T COMMUNICATION LINKS NOT HEALTHY

17.

GENERATOR BREAKER OPEN

18.

GENERATOR LOCK-OUT RELAY IS RESET

19.

DIESEL ENGINE WARM-UP TIMER IS RESET

20.

MULTIPLE STARTS COUNTER RESET

21.

FUEL SELECTION ON TOTAL LIQUID OR GAS FUEL SYSTEMS FAULTS RESET

B) ALL TRIP FUNCTIONS ARE CHECKED TO BE IN NOT

TRIPPED STATE AND RESET. ONLY THEN NOT
READY TO START GOES OFF
3) A. SELECT START ON THE MASTER CONTROL

SELECTOR
CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP STATUS

READY TO START

SELECT AUTO START

SEQUENCES: FOLLOWING START COMMAND PERMISSIVE

ARE CHECKED BY THE PROTECTION SYSTEM
1.

BASE, PEAK OR PRESELECTED LOAD IS NOT SELECTED

2.

C COMMUNICATOR LINK IS HEALTHY AND RESET

3.

AUXILLIARY SERVOS CHECKS ARE OK

4.

STARTING DEVICE TRIP IS RESET

5.

MULTIPLE RESTART IS RESET

6.

EMERGENCY PUSH BOTTON IS RESET

7.

STOP SEQUENCE IS NOT IN PROGRESS

8.

GENERATOR BREAKER RE-CLOSING TIME IS RESET

9.

CONTROL NOT IN OFF

3) B. UNIT AUXILLIARIES WILL BE STARTED TO

ESTABLISH LUBE OIL PRESSURE
CRT DISPLAYS :

SEQUENCE IN PROGRESS (APPEARS IN ADDITION TO

OTHERS)
SEQUENCE

AOP (88HA) IS STARTED

3) C. IF STARTING CLUTCH IS NOT ENGASED, THE

RETCHETING WILL OPERATE UNTILL THE
CLUTCH ENGASES. WITH THE JAW CLUTCH
ENGASED, THE LUBE OIL PRESSURE AND ALL
PERMISSIVES (L4) SATISFIED
CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP STATUS

STARTING

SELECT AUTO START

SEQUENCE

1. STARTING CLUTCH (20CS) ENERGISES

2. JAW CLUTCH 33CS
3. HYDRAULIC RATCHET PUMP (88HR) STARTS
4. AUX HYDRAULIC PUMP (88HQ) STARTS
5. MANUALLY INITIATED STARTS COUNTER INCREMENTED

6. TURBINE SPEE FERERENCE (TNR) IS PRESETTO START/

SHUTDOWN (60%)
7. MASTER PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS L4 ENERGISES

4) A. DIESEL ENGINE IS CRANCKED AND WHEN ITS

LUBE OIL PRESSURE IS NORMAL, THE TOTAL
STARTS COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY ONE
CRT DISPLAYS :

NO CHANGE

1.
2.
3.

SEQUENCE
DIESEL ENGINE STOP VALVE (20DV) ENERGISES
D.E. CRANCKING (88DS) MOTOR STARTS FOR 5 SEC
D.E. STARTS AND D.E. NORMAL LUBE OIL PRESSURE
(63QD) PICKS UP
TOTAL STARTS COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY ONE

4.

4) B. THE TYPE OF FUEL USED IS ESTABLISHED i.e.

LIQUID/ GAS

CRT DISPLAYS :

NO CHANGE

SEQUENCE
1. LIQUID FUEL PURGE SOLENOID VALVE (20PL) IS
DEENERGISED ( FOR LIQUID)
OR
2. GAS FUEL TRIP SERVO SOLENOID (20FG) IS ENERGISED
AND (20PL) IS ENERGISED

5) THE D.E. STARTS AND WILL RUN AT IDLE SPEED

(650 RPM) FOR 2 MINUTE TO WARMUP. AT THE
END OF WARMUP THE RATCHET OPERATES
CONTINOUSLY AND THE D.E. ACCELERATES
CRT DISPLAYS :

NO CHANGE

SEQUENCE
1. D.E. REACHES ITS IDLE (MIN) SPEED OF 650 RPM (20DA1)
2. D.E. GOES ON 2 MIN WARPUP

4. RATCHET STARTS CONTINOUS OPERATION

6) THE D.E. ACCELERATES TO 1800 RPM AND THE

TURBINE BREAKS AWAY
CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP STATUS

STARTING

14 HR

SEQUENCE
1. 20DA-2 IS ENERGISED
2. TURBINE BREAKS AWAY (14HR) AT 10 RPM

7) WHEN THE TURBINE REACHES 20% SPEED i.e. 1000

RPM, THE MIN SPEED SIGNAL RELAY 14HM IS
ENERGISED AND THE TURBINE REACHE
CRANKING SPEED
CRT DISPLAYS :

14 HR CHANGES TO 14HM

CRANKING

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

SEQUENCE
STARTING CLUTCH SOLENOID (20CS) DE-ENERGISED
HYDRAULIC RATCHET PUMP 88HR IS SHUT-DOWN
JAW CLUTCH IS HELD ENGASED BY THE TORQUE OF D.E.
D.E. REACHES DIESEL CRANKING SPEED (1400 RPM)
D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DEENERGISED
D.E. CRANKING SPEED (14DC) DROPS OUT

7. D.E. CRANKING SPEED LOCKING SOLENOID (20DA-1)

ENERGISES AND SPEED STAYS CONSTANTS
8. MIN SPEED SIGNAL RELAY (14HM) IS ENERGISED

8) AT THE MIN FIRE SPEED THE TURBINE WILL

HOLD CRANKING SPEED UNTILL THE TURBINE
PURGE TIMER HAS COMPLETED ITS CYCLE
CRT DISPLAYS :

NO CHANGE

SEQUENCE
1. THE TURBINE PURGE TIMER (L2TV) IS STARTING CLUTCH

2. IGNITION RELAY (L2TVX) IS ENERGISED

3. SPARK PLUGS (95SP) ARE ENERGISED

9) AFTER THE PURGE TIMER HAS COMPLETED THE

FIRING TIMER IS INITIATED AND FSR SET TO
FIRING VALUE
CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP STATUS

FIRING

STARTUP CONTROL

SEQUENCE
1. TURBINE PURGE TIMER TIMES OUT
2. 60 SEC FIRING TIMER IS STARTED
3. IN CASE OF LIQUID FUEL
- LIQUID FUEL TRIP SOLENOID (20FL) IS ENERGISED
- LIQUID FUEL PUMP CLUTCH (20CF) IS ENERGISED
- PERMISSIVE FOR FUEL BYPASS VALVE TO OPERATE AS
PER

4. IN CASE OF GAS FUEL

- PERMISSIVE FOR SPEED RATIO VALVE TO OPEN IS
ENABLED
- PERMISSIVE FOR GCV TO OPEN IS ENABLED
5. FSR IS RAISED TO FIRING LEVEL

10) IF FLAME IS DETECTED IN TWO OR MORE

SCANNERS & THE FLAME IS STEADY FOR TWO
SEC THEN FSR IS LOWERED TO WARMUP LEVEL
CRT DISPLAYS :

FLAME A#B#C#D

STARTUP STATUS

WARMING UP

1.
2.
3.
4.

SEQUENCE
FLAME IS DETECTED IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER
FSR IS LOWERED TO WARMUP VALUE
WARMUP TIMER (L2W) STARTS TIMING 60 SEC
FIRING TIMER (2F) TIMES OUT

6. FIRED HOURS TIMER IS ENERGISED

7. FIRED STARTS COUNTER IS INCREMENTED BY 1

11) IF THE FLAME GOES OUT OR ONLY ONE FLAME

IS ESTABLISHED DURING THE 60 SEC TIME FSR
IS SET BACK TO THE FIRING VALUE TO ATTEMPT
TO FIRE GAIN. SELECT CRANK AND THEN
EXECUTE RE-SELECTING AUTO WILL CAUSE
THE IGNITION SEQUENCE TO REPEAT AFTER
THE PURGE TIMER HAS TIMES OUT
CRT DISPLAYS :

CRANK

FAILURE TO IGNITE
SEQUENCE

OPERATOR PRESSES CRANK AND THEN EXECUTE

OPERATOR PRESSES AUTO OR FIRE THEN EXECUTE

TURBINE PURGE TIMER IS STARTED FOR 60 SEC AIR

PURGING

12) AT THE END OF THE WARMUP PERIOD AND THE

FLAME ESTABLISHED, FSR IS INCREASED AT A
PREDETERMINED RATE ON EXPONENTIAL RAMP
TO FSR ACCELERATE LIMIT.
CRT DISPLAYS :

ACCELERATING
SEQUENCE

WARMUP TIMER L2W TIMES OUT

D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS ENERGISED

D.E. LOCKING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DE-ENERGISED

FSR RAISED TO ACCELERATING LIMIT

13) THE TURBINE THEN ACCELERATING TO THE

ACCELRATING SPEED SET POINT i.e. 50% SPEED
(2500 RPM & SPEED LEVEL 14HA)
CRT DISPLAYS :

14HA

SEQUENCE

TURBINE ACCELERATING TO THE ACCELERATING SPEED

AND SPEED SIGNAL RELAY 14HA IS ENERGISED.

14) THE TURBINE CONTINUES TO ACCELERATE AND

AT 60% SPEED D.E. DISENGASES AND IS
SHUTDOWN. BEFORE D.E. SHUTDOWN IT WILL
COOLDOWN AT IDLE SPEED. THE TURBINE
REACHES THE STARTUP PRESET TNR OF 60%
AND SPEED CONTROL TAKES OVER TO
CONTINUE ACCELERATION
CRT DISPLAYS :

STARTUP CONTROL CHANGES TO SPEED CONTROL

SEQUENCE

JAW CLUTCH (33CS) DISENGASES

D.E. ACCELERATING SOLENOID (20DA-2) IS DEENERGISED

D.E. COOLDOWN TIMER (L62DE) STARTS FOR 5 MIN TIME

OUT

15) THE TURBINE IN THE ACCELERATING MODE IS

ACCELERATED TO ITS OPERATING SPEED OF
97% SPEED AT WHICH OPERATING SPEED
SIGNAL RELAY 14HS PICKSUP
CRT DISPLAYS :

SPEED CONTROL AND 14HS

SEQUENCE

SPEED REFERENCE TNR IS RAISED

OPERATING SPEED RELAY 14HS IS ENERGISED

IGV SOLENOID VALVE (20TV) ENERGISES TO OPEN

COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE CLOSING IS ENEBLED

16) WHEN THE TURBINE HAS REACHED ITS MIN

OPERATING, THE TURBINE EXHAUST FRAME
COOLING FAN 88TK-1/2 STARTS, AOP AND AHOP
STOPS. THE CONTROL SYSTEM GOES THROUGH
THE COMPLETE SEQUENCE CHECKS
CRT DISPLAYS :

RUN STATUS

COMPLETE SEQUENCE
FULL SPEED NO LOAD
SEQUENCE

88TK-1/2 STARTS

AUX LUBE OIL PUMP (88QA) STOPS

AUX HYDRAULIC PUMP (88HQ) STOPS

IF NO GAS FUEL, ATOMISING AIR BYPASS SOLENOID

(20AA) IS ENERGISED

FOLLOWING COMPLETE SEQUENCE PERMISSIVE ARE

CHECKED
- JAW CLUTCH DIS-ENGASES
- TURBINE SPEED IS AT OR ABOVE THE OPERATING
SPEED
- STOP SEQUENCE IS NOT IN PROGRESS
- TURBINE HAS COMPLETED ITS ATARTUP SEQUENCE (L3)

16) GTG IS TO BE SYNCHRONISED WITH THE

SYSTEM AND LOADED ON PART LOAD OR

CRT DISPLAYS :

RUN STATUS OR

PRESELECTED LOAD OR

PART LOAD OR

SPEED CONTROL

NORMAL SHUTDOWN SEQUENCE

1)

NORMAL SHUTDOWN IS INITIATED BY

SELECTING STOP ON THE MASTER CONTROL
SELECTOR.
THIS
WILL
AUTOMATICALLY
UNLOAD THE MACHINE, REDUCE THE SPEED
AND SHUTOFF THE FUEL AND INITIATE THE
COOLDOWN SEQUENCE AS THE UNIT COMES TO
REST
CRT DISPLAYS :

STOP SELECTED

UNLOADING

SEQUENCE IN PROGRESS

SHUTDOWN STATUS

FIED SHUTDOWN

2) THE TURBINE IS AUTOMATICALLY UNLOADED

TILL THE GENERATOR BREAKER TRIP ON
REVERSE POWER
CRT DISPLAYS :

UNLOADING GOES OFF

FIRED SHUTDOWN GOES OFF

3) THE TURBINE DECELERATED BELOW THE

OPERATING SPEED SET POINT (14HS)
CRT DISPLAYS :

14HA IS DISPLAYED
SEQUENCE
TNR REDUCES BELOW THE OPERATING SPEED LEVEL
(14HS)
88TK-1/2 STOPD
COMPRESSOR BLEED VALVE OPENS
INLET GUIDE VANES CLOSES
AOP (88HA) STARTS

4) THE TURBINE DECELERATES BELOW THE

ACCELERATING SET POINT (14HA) AND THE
SHUTDOWN TRIP COMMAND IS GIVEN
CRT DISPLAYS :

14HM

COASTING DOWN

STOP SELECT GOES OFF

SEQUENCE
TURBINE DECELERATES BELOW 14HA
SHUTDOWN TRIP COMMAND L94T IS GIVEN
MASTER PROTECTIVE LOGIC L4 TRIPS FUEL LINES
LIQUID FUEL STOP VALVE 20FL IS DE-ENERGISED
FUEL CLUTCH SOLENOID VALVE 20CF IS DE-ENERGISED
LIQUID FUEL PURGE SOLENOID IS DE-ENERGISED

4) THE TURBINE FINALLY COAST DOWN TO ZERO

SPEED AND HYDRAULIC RATCHET STARTS
CRT DISPLAYS :

ON COOLDOWN

COASTING DOWN

SEQUENCE
TURBINE COASTS TO STOP (14HR)
STARTING CLUTCH SOLENOID IS ENERGISED
JAW CLUTCH ENGASES
HYDRAULIC RETCHET STARTS

GAS TURBINE
DATA SUMMARY

GT MODEL SERIES : MS6000

AIR IN : 45 DEG C
ALTITUDE : 36 M
FUEL : NG AND HSD
COMPRESSOR STAGES : 17
TURBINE STAGES : 3
RPM : 5100
PRIMER MOVER : DE
PROTECTION
OVERSPEED
OVER TEMPERATURE
VIBRATION
FLAME DETECTION

SECTIONS OF GAS TURBINE

DIESEL ENGINE
ACCESSORY GEAR BOX
AIR INLET
COMPRESSOR
COMBUSTION
TURBINE
EXHAUST
GENERATOR

ACCESSORY GEAR BOX

MAIN FUEL OIL PUMP
MAIN HYDRAULIC OIL PUMP
MAIN ATOMISING AIR COMPRESSOR
STARTING CLUTCH
OVERSPEED TRIP MECHANISM

COMPRESSOR
17 STAGE
AXIAL FLOW DESIGN
FIRST TO TENTH STAGE COMPRESSION
11TH TO SENEVTEENTH STAGE DISCHARGE
IGV AT INLET OF COMPRESSOR
MAXIMUM CPD 12 BAR
LOSS OF APD WILL TRIP THE TURBINE AT
4.83 BAR

GT SUPPORT SYSTEMS
LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM
HYDRAULIC OIL SYSTEM
TRIP OIL SYSTEM
INLET AIR SYSTEM
ATOMISING AIR SYSTEM
LIQUID FUEL SYSTEM
GAS FUEL SYSTEM
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
COOLING AND SEALING AIR SYSTEM