MECHANICAL AND METALLURGY PROPERTIES

OF DISSIMILAR WELDED COMPONENTS (AISI304AISI430 STAINLESS STEEL)BY USING GAS

TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING

AIM
The main aim of our project is to increase the tensile
strength of stainless steel 304 and 430 by using gas tungsten arc
welding

OBJECTIVE

The major purpose of dissimilar welding is

To Increase the Tensile strength

To Increase the Elongation of material

LITERATURE REVIEW

Chih-Chun Hsieh, Dong-Yih Lin, Ming-Che Chenand Weite Wu evaluated the mechanical
property ,recrystallization and microstructure of Dissimilar Stainless Steel weld on fusion
zones and heat affected zones. The Scanning Electron Microscopy ,Energy Dispersive
Spectrometer and Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer were used for analyze the E-ferrite chemical
compositions and morphology. Stainless steel 304 and 430 were welded by using multi pass
gas tungsten arc welding. Argon was used as a shielding gas and welding was done without
filler. The properties were evaluated at 3 points on HAZ-1,HAZ-2, HAZ-3 and FZ-1, FZ-2,
FZ-3. The HAZ-2showed Equaled fine grains after second pass welding. E-ferrite morphology
changed from acicular to lathy by increased the number of passes. The first pass welding
indicated the high tendency E-ferrite content due to the enriched Si and Cr element in theFZ-1.

What does Tensile Strength mean?

Tensile strength is the ability of a material to withstand a pulling
(tensile) force. It is customarily measured in units of force per cross-sectional
area.
This is an important concept in engineering, especially in the fields of
material science, mechanical engineering and structural engineering.
The ability to resist breaking under tensile stress is one of the most
important and widely measured properties of materials used in structural
applications.
Tensile strength is important in the use of brittle materials more than
ductile materials.

Three types of tensile strength

Yield strength - The stress a material can withstand without permanent

deformation

Ultimate strength - The maximum stress a material can withstand

Breaking strength - The stress coordinate on the stress-strain curve at the

point of rupture

Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)

Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas
(TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable
tungsten electrode to produce the weld. The weld area is protected from
atmospheric contamination by an inert shielding gas(argon or helium),
and a filler metal is normally used, though some welds, known as
autogenous welds, do not require it. A constant-current welding power
supply
produces electrical energy, which is conducted across the arc

through a column of highly ionized gas and metal vapors known as a

plasma.

Advantages
Applicable to a very wide range of materials.
Especially good for welding thin sections and delicate workpieces
Capable of producing welds of high quality and appearance
Disadvantages
Generally slower than MIG welding

GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING

GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING

STAINLESS STEEL 304 PROPERTIES

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

METRIC

TENSILE STRENGTH,ULTIMATE

505 MPa

TENSILE STRENGTH,YIELD

215 MPa

ELONGATION AT BREAK

70%

SHEAR MODULUS

77.0 GPa

POISSONS RATIO

0.29

IZOD IMPACT

150 J

CHARPY IMPACT

325 J

STAINLESS STEEL 430 PROPERTIES

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

TENSILE STRENGTH, ULTIMATE

METRIC

483 MPa

TENSILE STRENGTH, YIELD

310MPa

ELONGATION AT BREAK

25%

HARDNESS, ROCKWELL B

85

DESIGN OF MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

Dimensions of stainless steel

=100 mm

Thickness of stainless steel

=1.5 mm

MATERIALS PURCHASES

304 Stainless Steel=100mm 50mm 1.5mm

430 Stainless Steel=100mm 50mm 1.5mm

WELDED MATERIAL

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS

TENSILE TEST

S.NO

YIELD

TENSILE

%ELONGATI

STRENGTH

STRENGTH

ON

(MPa)

(MPa)

360.10

506.37

25.29

370.10

510.40

26.80

373.39

513.45

26.73

CONCLUSION
In this study, tensile strength of dissimilar welded components (AISI 304-AISI 430 stainless steel)
by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) were analyzed. The obtained result were as following;
AISI 430 stainless steel can be joined with AISI 304 stainless steel by Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding process using argon, helium atmosphere. . Filler metal diameter 1/16" (1.6
mm).Parameter welding 50 watts heat inputs.welding speed 12 inches per minute.
At tensile strength tests, fractures were observed close to AISI 430 side. After welding, it was
seen that tensile strength values decreased due to the increasing the welding speed. This is
because of the fact that AISI 430 is stainless steel is a ductile steel. Economically, high tensile
strength with low heat input is demanded. These circumstances were obtained at50W heat
input, 12 inches/minute. welding speed and helium shielding gas.
The best properties in terms of tensile test were observed at the specimen bonded at 50 W
heat input, at 12 inch/min.

REFERENCES

Lakshminarayanan A.K., Balasubramanian V. andElangovan K.,2009 " Effect of welding

processes on tensile properties of AA6061 Aluminium alloy joints". International Journal of
Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol 40: 242-244
Bayraktar, E., Kaplan D. and Yilbas, B. S., Comparative Study: Mechanical and
Metallurgical Aspects of Tailored Welded Blanks (TWBs), Journal of Materials Processing
Technology, 204: 440-450 (2008).
G.Thakur and V.M Nandedkar,2010,Application of Taguchimethod to determine
resistance spot welding conditions of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304,Journal of Scientific
&Industrial Research, Vol 69,Sep 2010,pp 680-683.
Subodh Kumar,A.S.Shahi.Effect of heat input on the microstructure and
mechanical properties gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel joints. Materials and
design 32(2011) 3617-3623

THANKING YOU