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Reza P
Percobaan Lapangan
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Percobaan Laboratorium
Kondisi Lapangan
Model sampel
tanah
vc
hc
hc
vc
Sebelum konstruksi
vc +
hc
hc
vc +
Selama dan
sesudah konstruksi
vc +
Percobaan Laboratorium
Simulasi kondisi lapangan
di laboratorium
0
vc
0
0
0
Model sampel
tanah
dari
lapangan
l
a
i
x
a
r
T
Di
hc rect
sh
ea
r
hc
vc
hc
t
s
te
vc +
vc
te
st
vc
Step 1
Atur alat tes dan
sampel sedemikian
rupa untuk kondisi
tegangan awal
hc
Step 2
Berikan tegangan
seperti yang akan
diberikan dilapangan
Pressure plate
Specimen preparation
completed
Steel ball
Pressure plate
Porous
plates
S
Proving ring
to measure
shear force
Step 1: Apply a vertical load to the specimen and wait for consolidation
Steel ball
Pressure plate
Porous
plates
S
Proving ring
to measure
shear force
Step 1: Apply a vertical load to the specimen and wait for consolidation
Step 2: Lower box is subjected to a horizontal displacement at a constant rate
Dial gauge to
measure vertical
displacement
Proving ring
to measure
shear force
Loading frame to
apply vertical load
Dial
gauge
to
measure horizontal
displacement
Dense sand/
OC clay
f
f
Loose sand/
NC clay
Expansion
Compression
Change in height
of the sample
Shear displacement
Normal stress = 2
f3
f2
f1
Normal stress = 1
Shear displacement
Normal stress,
Shear stress,
Normal stress = 3
Kesimpulan,
= dan c = c = 0
Normal force,
Overconsolidated clay (c 0)
Soil
Foundation material
f ca ' tan
Where,
ca = adhesion,
= angle of internal friction
Contoh Soal
Hasil-hasil pengujian yang diperoleh dari pengujian geser langsung
(direct shear) dengan ukuran sampel 60mm x 60mm pada tanah
lempung berpasir sebagai berikut:
Percobaan
Beban
Normal (kN)
0.20
0.205
0.40
0.26
0.80
0.355
kegagalannya.
Tentukan
nilai
dari
Penyelesaian
Tegangan
Normal (kN/m2)
Tegangan
Geser(kN/m2)
56
57
111
72
223
99
Normal stress,
Penyelesaian
Disturbed
soil
Rupture
surface
h > 3DB)
Vane
Vane
PLAN VIEW
Rate of rotation : 60 120 per minute
D
Torvane
Torvane is a modification to the vane
Pocket Penetrometer
Pushed directly into the soil. The unconfined compression
strength (qu) is measured by a calibrated spring.
1/(penetration)2
Soil sample
Pressuremeter
Air
Coaxial tube
Water
Pre bored or
self bored hole
Guard cell
Measuring cell
Guard cell
Static
Cone
Penetrometer
test
40 mm
40 mm
40 mm
40 mm
Cone
penetrometers
with
pore
water
pressure measurement
capability are known as
piezocones
63.5 kg
0.15 m
0.15 m
0.15 m
Number of blows = N1
Number of blows = N2
Number of blows = N3