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  • Gallstone & Gallbladder Disease: DR Uhuebor DI MB, BS (Lagos)

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    The document discusses gallstones and gallbladder disease. It defines gallstones as crystalline formations that develop within the gallbladder. The gallbladder is located beneath the liver and stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver to help digest fat. Gallstones can cause conditions like cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) and cholangitis (infection of the biliary tree). Risk factors for developing gallstones include being female, overweight, older than 40, having a high-fat diet, or a blood disorder. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and jaundice. Gallstones are typically investigated using ultrasound, CT scans or cholangiography and can be treated medically or surgically by removing

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    The document discusses gallstones and gallbladder disease. It defines gallstones as crystalline formations that develop within the gallbladder. The gallbladder is located beneath the liver and stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver to help digest fat. Gallstones can cause conditions like cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) and cholangitis (infection of the biliary tree). Risk factors for developing gallstones include being female, overweight, older than 40, having a high-fat diet, or a blood disorder. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and jaundice. Gallstones are typically investigated using ultrasound, CT scans or cholangiography and can be treated medically or surgically by removing

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    10 views16 pages

    Gallstone & Gallbladder Disease: DR Uhuebor DI MB, BS (Lagos)

    Uploaded by

    Uhuebor David
    The document discusses gallstones and gallbladder disease. It defines gallstones as crystalline formations that develop within the gallbladder. The gallbladder is located beneath the liver and stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver to help digest fat. Gallstones can cause conditions like cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) and cholangitis (infection of the biliary tree). Risk factors for developing gallstones include being female, overweight, older than 40, having a high-fat diet, or a blood disorder. Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and jaundice. Gallstones are typically investigated using ultrasound, CT scans or cholangiography and can be treated medically or surgically by removing

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 16

    GALLSTONE &

    GALLBLADDER DISEASE
    Dr Uhuebor DI
    MB,BS (Lagos)

    Gallstone is crystalline concretion formed


    within the gallbladder.

    ANATOMY
    Gallbladder is a hollow organ that lies
    beneath the liver.
    It concentrates bile produced by the liver.

    -which helps with fat digestion


    the gallbladder tapers into the cystic duct +
    common hepatic = common bile duct

    May lead to;


    - cholelithiasis/cholecystitis
    - choledocholithiasis
    -ascending cholangitis
    -gallstone pancreatitis

    Biliary colic- obstruction in the cystic duct


    Cholecystitis- biliary colic + surrounding
    inflammation.
    -acalclous cholecystitis: in debilitated px
    Choledocholithiasis- blockage in the common
    bile duct.ALP,GGT
    Cholangitis- infection of the entire biliary
    tree. life threatening. Charcots triad

    CAUSES

    Female
    Forties
    Fat
    Fair
    Drugs
    Diet
    Blood disorders

    SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

    Abdominal pains- usually RUQ


    Nausea/ Vomitting
    Fever
    Jaundice
    Belching
    Bloating

    INVESTIGATIONS

    Abdominal X-rays
    Abdominal USS
    Abdominal CT
    Cholangiogram

    TREATMENT
    Medical use of ursodeoxycholic acid
    ECSL
    Surgical:
    -open
    -laparoscopic

    COMPLICATIONS

    Empyema
    Perforation
    Gangrene
    Fatty acid and fat soluble vitamin
    malabsorption

    POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY
    SYNDROME
    5 - 40% of px
    abdominal symptoms after cholecystectomy.
    -upset stomache, nausea & vomitting
    -gas, bloating & diarrhea
    -RUQ pain

    Due to;
    -sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
    -post surgical adhesions
    -remaining stones
    -choledochocyst
    -biliary injury

    Thank you

    References
    Kim IS, Myung SJ, Lee SS, Lee SK, Kim MH (2003).
    "Classification and nomenclature of gallstones revisited" . Yonsei
    Medical Journal 44 (4): 56170. ISSN0513-5796. PMID12950109
    .
    http://www.eymj.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/0069YMJ/ymj-44-561.
    pdf
    .
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
    (2007). "Gallstones". Bethesda, Maryland:
    National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse ,
    National Institutes of Health ,
    United States Department of Health and Human Services .
    http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/gallstones/Gallston
    es.pdf.

    Roizen MF and Oz MC, Gut Feelings: Your


    Digestive System, pp. 175206 in Roizen and
    Oz (2005)
    National Health Service (2010).
    "Gallstones Treatment". NHS Choices:
    Health A-Z - Conditions and treatments.
    London: National Health Service.
    http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gallstones/pag
    es/treatment.aspx
    .

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