Unit Two: Ancient

Mediterranean, 3500 B.C.E.

300 C.E.
Week 4: Rome

Stuff the College Board wants you to

know
The art of Ancient Greece and Rome is grounded in civic
ideals and polytheism. Etruscan and Roman artists and
architects accumulated and creatively adapted Greek
objects and forms to create buildings and artworks that
appealed to their tastes for eclecticism and historicism.

Stuff the College Board wants you to

know
Contextual information for ancient Greek and Roman art
can be derived from contemporary literary, political,
legal, and economic records as well as from
archaeological excavations conducted from the mid-18th
century onward. Etruscan art, by contrast, is illuminated
primarily by modern archaeological record and by
descriptions of contemporary external observers.

Time Periods
Etruscan*
Republican
Imperial
Early, Middle and Late

Byzantine*

Special Vocabulary
Sarcophagus
Fresco
Terra Cotta
Atrium
Mosaic
Bust
Verism
Arch

Concrete

Amphitheater

Forum

Basilica

Dome

Oculus

Coffering

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Figure 9-14 Sarcophagus of Lars Pulena, from Tarquinia, Italy, early second century BCE.
Tufa, approx. 6 6 long. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Tarquinia.

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Figure 9-8 Leopards, banqueters, and musicians, detail of mural paintings in the Tomb of
the Leopards, Tarquinia, Italy, ca. 480470 BCE.

Figure 9-9 Diving and fishing, mural paintings in the Tomb of Hunting and Fishing,
Tarquinia, Italy, ca. 530520 BCE.

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Figure 9-10 Capitoline Wolf, from Rome, Italy, ca. 500480 BCE. Bronze, approx. 2 7 1/2
high. Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome.

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Figure 9-11 Chimera

of Arezzo, from Arezzo,
Italy, first half of fourth
century BCE. Bronze,
approx. 2 7 1/2 high.
Museo Archeologico
Nazionale, Florence.

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Figure 9-11 Alternate View

Total from front

2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

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Figure 9-12 NOVIOS PLAUTIOS, Ficoroni

Cista, from Palestrina, Italy, late fourth
century BCE. Bronze, approx. 2 6 high.
Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome.
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Figure 10-16 Restored view and plan of a typical Roman house of the Late Republic and Early Empire (John
Burge). (1) fauces, (2) atrium, (3) impluvium, (4) cubiculum, (5) ala, (6) tablinum, (7) triclinium, (8) peristyle.

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Figure 10-53 Model of an insula, Ostia, Italy, second century CE. Museo della Civilt Romana, Rome.

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Figure 10-17 Gardenscape, Second Style wall painting, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, ca. 30
20 BCE. Approx. 6 7 high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.

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Figure 10-20 Gardenscape, Second Style wall painting, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, ca. 30
20 BCE. Fresco, 6 7 high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.

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Figure 10-18 Detail of a Third Style wall painting, from

Cubiculum 15 of the Villa of Agrippa Postumus,
Boscotrecase, Italy, ca. 10 BCE. Approx. 7 8 high.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

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Figure 10-20 Fourth Style wall paintings in Room 78 of the Domus Aurea (Golden House) of Nero,
Rome, Italy, 6468 CE.
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Figure 10-21 Fourth Style wall

paintings in the Ixion Room
(Triclinium P) of the House of the
Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 7079 CE.

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Figure 10-23 Portrait of a

husband and wife, wall
painting from House VII,2,6,
Pompeii, Italy, ca. 7079 CE.
Approx. 1 11 x 1 8 1/2.
Museo Nazionale, Naples.

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Figure 10-24 Still life with peaches, detail of a Fourth Style wall painting, from Herculaneum, Italy,
ca. 6279 CE. Approx. 1 2 x 1 1 1/2. Museo Nazionale, Naples.
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Figure 10-2
Temple of Fortuna
Virilis (Temple of
Portunus), Rome,
Italy, ca. 75 BCE.

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Figure 10-7 Head of a Roman patrician,

from Otricoli, Italy, ca. 7550 BCE. Marble,
approx. 1 2 high. Museo Torlonia, Rome.

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Figure 10-11 Aerial view of the amphitheater, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70 BCE.

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Figure 10-11 Alternate View

2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

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Figure 10-12 Brawl in

the Pompeii amphitheater,
wall painting from House
I,3,23, Pompeii, Italy, ca.
6079 CE. Approx. 5 7 x
6 1. Museo Nazionale,
Naples.

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Figure 10-34 Detail of seating

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2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

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2
3

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4

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Figure 10-41 Apollodorus of Damascus, model of Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, dedicated 112 CE.
Reconstruction by James E. Packer and John Burge. 1) Temple of Trajan, 2) Column of Trajan, 3)
Libraries, 4) Basilica Ulpia, 5) Forum, 6) Equestrian statue of Trajan.
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Figure 10-42 Detail

Close detail: Romans Crossing the Danube and Building a Fort

2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

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Figure 10-43 APOLLODORUS OF DAMASCUS, aerial view of Markets of Trajan, Rome, Italy, ca. 100112 CE.

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Figure 10-44 APOLLODORUS OF DAMASCUS, interior of the great hall, Markets of Trajan, Rome,
Italy, ca. 100112 CE.
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Figure 10-44 Alternate View

View of outside arcade

2005 Saskia Cultural Documentation, Ltd.

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Figure 10-37 Arch of Titus,

Rome, Italy, after 81 CE.

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Figure 10-38 Spoils of Jerusalem, relief panel from the Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after 81 CE.
Marble, approx. 7 10 high.
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Figure 10-39 Triumph of Titus, relief panel from the Arch of Titus, Rome, Italy, after 81 CE.
Marble, approx. 7 10 high.

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Figure 10-48 Aerial view

of the Pantheon, Rome,
Italy, 118125 CE.

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Figure 10-50 Restored cutaway view (left) and lateral section (right) of the Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118125 CE.

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Figure 10-71 Battle of Romans and barbarians (Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus), from Rome, Italy, ca. 250
260 CE. Marble, approx. 5 high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Altemps, Rome.

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Figure 10-78 Portrait of Constantine,

from the Basilica Nova, Rome, Italy, ca.
315330 CE. Marble, approx. 8 6 high.
Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome.

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Figure 10-78 Restored cutaway view of the Basilica Nova, Rome, Italy, ca. 306312 CE (John Burge).

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