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The Digestive System: Rini Rachmawarni Bachtiar Physiology Departement Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University
The Digestive System: Rini Rachmawarni Bachtiar Physiology Departement Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University
SYSTEM
Rini Rachmawarni Bachtiar
Physiology Departement
Medical Faculty, Hasanuddin University
Student Objectives
1
Student Objectives
4
Student Objectives
Student Objectives
10
11
Types of Digestion
End Products of
Digestion
Digestiv
e System
Oral Cavity
Tooth structure.
Longitudinal
section of a tooth
showing internal
structure.
Oral Cavity
The salivary
glands
shown in left
lateral view.
Oral Cavity
5. Saliva:
Amylase digests starch to maltose;
Water dissolves food for tasting and
moistens food for swallowing;
Lysozyme inhibits the growth of bacteria
Digestiv
e System
Pharynx
Digestiv
e System
Esophagus
4. Serosaoutermost layer
Stomach
The
stomach
in anterior
view.
Stomach
Liver
Digestiv
e System
Liver
1. Functional unit is the hexagonal liver lobule:
liver
cells, sinusoids, branches of the hepatic artery
and portal vein, and bile ducts.
2. The only digestive secretion is bile; the hepatic
duct takes bile out of the liver and unites with the
cystic duct of the gallbladder to form the
common
bile duct to the duodenum.
Liver
Gallbladder
Digestiv
e System
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Digestiv
e System
Pancreas
1. Pancreatic juice
is secreted by acini,
carried by pancreatic duct to the
common bile duct to the duodenum (see
Fig).
The
pancreas,
sectioned to
show the
pancreatic
ducts.
The main
pancreatic
duct joins
the common
bile duct.
Microscopic
section
showing acini
with their
ducts and
several islets
of
Langerhans.
Pancreas
2. Enzyme pancreatic juice contains
enzymes for the digestion of all three food
types (see Tables).
3. Bicarbonate pancreatic juice neutralizes
HCl from the stomach in the duodenum.
Small Intestine
Coiled within the center of the
abdominal cavity; extends from
stomach to colon
Digestiv
e System
Small Intestine
1. Duodenumfirst 10 inches;
1. the common bile ductbrings in bile and pancreatic
juice.
2. Jejunum (8 feet)
3. ileum (11 feet).
2. Enzymes secreted by the intestinal glands
complete digestion (see Tables).
Surface area for absorption is increased by plica
circulares, villi, and microvilli (see Fig);
Microvilli are the brush border.
(A)Section through
the small intestine
showing plica
circulares.
(B) Microscopic view
of a villus showing
the internal structure.
The enteroendocrine
cells secrete the
intestinal hormones.
Small Intestine
The large
intestine
shown in
anterior view.
The term
flexure means
a turn or
bend.
Liverother functions
Liverother functions
Liverother functions
Liverother functions
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