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  • Age, Aptitude, and Other Things: Factors Affecting Second Language Learning

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    Dranker Slang
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    This document discusses factors that affect second language learning, including age, aptitude, intelligence, personality, cognitive styles, motivation, attitudes, learning strategies, and more. It provides information on different tests to measure these factors and how they relate to language learning success. It also compares language learning at different ages, finding that younger learners generally perform better in tasks involving pronunciation and auditory discrimination, while older learners perform better in tasks involving morphology, sentence repetition/translation/judgment, and story comprehension/telling. The document concludes by discussing the debate around the best age to begin second language instruction, weighing early introduction for native-like mastery versus later introduction for basic communicative ability.

    Original Description:

    Langauge acquisition

    Original Title

    6. Age, Aptitude, And

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    This document discusses factors that affect second language learning, including age, aptitude, intelligence, personality, cognitive styles, motivation, attitudes, learning strategies, and more. It provides information on different tests to measure these factors and how they relate to language learning success. It also compares language learning at different ages, finding that younger learners generally perform better in tasks involving pronunciation and auditory discrimination, while older learners perform better in tasks involving morphology, sentence repetition/translation/judgment, and story comprehension/telling. The document concludes by discussing the debate around the best age to begin second language instruction, weighing early introduction for native-like mastery versus later introduction for basic communicative ability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    8 views14 pages

    Age, Aptitude, and Other Things: Factors Affecting Second Language Learning

    Uploaded by

    Dranker Slang
    This document discusses factors that affect second language learning, including age, aptitude, intelligence, personality, cognitive styles, motivation, attitudes, learning strategies, and more. It provides information on different tests to measure these factors and how they relate to language learning success. It also compares language learning at different ages, finding that younger learners generally perform better in tasks involving pronunciation and auditory discrimination, while older learners perform better in tasks involving morphology, sentence repetition/translation/judgment, and story comprehension/telling. The document concludes by discussing the debate around the best age to begin second language instruction, weighing early introduction for native-like mastery versus later introduction for basic communicative ability.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 14

    Age, Aptitude, and

    Other things
    Factors Affecting Second Language Learning

    Group 6:
    Almalikul Ikhwanda
    Putra
    Hariana Amalia

    INTELLIGEN
    CE
    PERSONALI
    TY

    AGE

    LEARNING
    STRATEGIE
    S

    LEARNER
    CHARACTERISTICS

    MOTIVATION
    &
    ATTITUDES

    APTITUDE

    COGNITIVE
    STYLES

    INTELLIGENCE

    Intelligen
    ce

    IQ test

    Reading,
    Grammar,
    &
    Vocabulary

    PERSONALITY

    Personalit
    y

    Other
    Factor
    s

    Success
    in
    language
    learning

    COGNITIVE LEARNING
    STYLES

    Dependen
    t learners

    Independe
    nt learners

    APTITUDE

    APTITUDE
    1.Identifying & memorizing new
    sounds.

    MLA test
    or
    PLAB test

    2. Understanding the function


    of particular words in
    sentences.
    3.Figuring
    out
    grammatical
    rules from language samples.
    4. Memory
    words.

    for

    new

    MOTIVATION & ATTITUDES

    Instrumen
    tal
    Motivation

    Integrative
    Motivation

    Motivation in the classroom


    setting
    Motivating students into the lesson
    (warming up)

    Varying the activities, tasks, and


    materials

    Using co-operative rather than


    competitive goals

    LEARNING STRATEGIES
    LEARNERS
    LEARNING
    STYLE

    LEARNE
    R
    BELIEFS

    LEARNING
    STRATEGIE
    S
    (relevant, appropriate
    & enjoyable)

    AGE

    L1
    acquisition

    L2
    acquisition

    Critical
    Period

    Comparison of Language
    Learning at different ages
    Task
    Pronunciation

    Child

    Adolesce
    nt

    Adult

    Auditory discrimination

    XY

    Morphology

    XY

    Sentence repetition

    XY

    Sentence translation

    XY

    Sentence judgement

    XY

    Peabody picture
    vocabulary test

    XY

    *These tests were too difficult for child learners.

    Story Comprehension

    Story telling

    X : did best at the


    beginning
    Y: did best at the end

    At what age should L2


    instruction begin?

    At what age should L2


    instruction begin?
    Native-like
    mastery of the
    target
    language
    Basic
    communicative
    ability for all
    students in a
    school setting

    as Early
    as
    possible

    Later
    (at age
    10,11, or
    12)

    REFERENCES
    British Council.(2009). Teaching English: Field-independent learners.
    Retrieved from:
    http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk>field-independentlearners.
    Ellis, R. 1985. Understanding second language acquisition. New York,
    NY: Oxford university press.
    Freeman, D.L., & Long, M.H. An introduction to second language
    acquisition research. 1991. New York, NY: Longman Inc.
    Lightbown, P.M., & Nina, S. How languages are learned (2nd ed.).
    New York, NY: Oxford university press.
    The university of Texas. (2010). Foreign language teaching methods:
    The language learner/motivation. Retrieved from:
    http://www.corell.utexas.edu>thelanguagelearner>motivation.

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