BIOLOGI PERIKANAN

DAUR HIDUP IKAN:

Perkembangan Telur,
Embrio dan Larva

Perhatian Terhadap BIOLOGI

PERKEMBANGAN IKAN (Termasuk DAUR
HIDUP), Mempunyai 2 Alasan Mendasar :
1.Faktor Penentu Rekrutmen Terhadap
Perikanan Komersial Yang Dioperasikan Sejak
Tahap Awal Kehidupan Ikan
2.Tingkat Teknologi Yang Diaplikasikan Dalam
Praktik Akuakultur (Mass Culture)
3.Jumlah Spesies Yang Dibudidayakan
Dimungkinkan Bertambah Secara Cepat

 Implikasi Positif :

Perbaikan Teknik Pembenihan Sehingga

Memungkinkan Penyediaan Benih Secara
Massal Apabila Telur Fertil Tersedia, termasuk
sebagai material riset

Manipulasi Waktu Pemijahan Yang

Memungkinkan Larva Dapat Disuplai
Sepanjang Tahun

Macam-macam Stadia Dalam Daur Hidup Ikan (2)

OVA & EGGS

FERTILIZATION

10

Ovarian Eggs (OVA)

Fertilized/Un-Fertilized Eggs
Fertilized eggs
develop into fish.
Most eggs do
not survive to
maturity even
under the best
conditions.
Threats to eggs
include changes
in water
temperature and
oxygen levels,
flooding or
sedimentation,
predators and
disease.

Red (Sockeye) Salmon (Onchorynchus nerka) Embryonic Eggs

EMBRYO
DEVELOPMENT

Perkembangan
Embrio
Pada
Ikan
Seabass

Discoidal cleavage in a zebrafish egg : (A) 1-cell embryo. The mound atop
the cytoplasm is the blastodisc region, (B) 2-cell embryo, (C) 4-cell
embryo, (D) 8-cell embryo, wherein two rows of four cells are formed, (E)
32-cell embryo, (F) 64-cell embryo, wherein the blastodisc can be seen
atop the yolk cell (From Beams and Kessel 1976; photographs courtesy of
the authors.)

Hatched Eggs
Fertilized eggs
develop into fish.
Most eggs do not
survive to
maturity even
under the best
conditions.
Threats to eggs
include changes
in water
temperature and
oxygen levels,
flooding or
sedimentation,
predators and
disease.

EMBRYONIC
DEVELOPMENT

The spawn (eggs) of a clownfish.

The black spots are the eyes developing

20

(2) LARVAL DEVELOPMENT

(2) LARVAL
(Pre - Larvae & Post - Larvae)
Larval fish
live off a yolk
sac attached
to their
bodies. When
the yolk sac
is fully
absorbed the
young fish
are called fry;
Indegineous
Exogineous
phase

23

24

Perkembangan
Larva
Pada
Ikan
Seabass

Perkembangan
Larva
Pada Ikan
Papuyu
(Anabas
testudineus)

Larva Ikan
Salmon

LARVAE
DEVELOPMENT

28

29

(3) FRY
Fry are ready to start
eating on their own.
Fry undergo several
more developmental
stages, which vary by
species, as they
mature into adults.
Young fish are
generally considered
fry during their first
few months (during
their first few months
to less than one year
in some species).