Dr. Muslim Suardi, MSi., Apt.

FACULTY OF PHARMACY
UNIVERSITY OF ANDALAS

Membrane Composition
Membrane Structure

Membrane Type

Phospholipid
(%)

Protein
(%)

General

40

60

Inner mitochondrial

20 -25

75 80

Myelin

75

25

Phospholipid
Non polar tail
Polar head

The translocation of a solute from one side

of a biological barrier to the other side in
the intact form.

Passive Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Filtration
Osmosis
Active Transport
Pinocytosis

Passive Diffusion

Passive diffusion on a cell membrane

Ficks law of
Diffusion
dQ =
dt

DAKp
h

(C1-C2)

dQ =

DAKp

dt

(C1-C2)

since D, Kp and h are constant for a given drug membrane and

given that C1>>C2

dQ
dt

= PC1

Facilitated Diffusion

Filtration
Movement of water an solute molecules across the cell
membranes doe to hydrostatic pressure generated by the
cardiovascular system.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water molecule across

a partially permeable membrane

Effect of Osmosis on Blood cells under different solutions

Facilitated diffusion

Active Transport

Movement again a
concentration gradient

No

Yes

Utilization of energy

No

Yes

Exhibit saturation

Yes

Yes

Riboflavin, Vit B 12

5-FU

Example Substances

The mediated process of moving particles across biological

membrane against the concentration gradient.

Sodium-Potassium pump, an example of Primary active transport

Importance of Active Transport

in Living Systems
Examples of plasma membranes actively
transporting solutes include the following:
1. The absorption of digested food by the walls of
the small intestines of vertebrates.
2. Selective reabsorption in the kidneys of animals
with backbones.
3. The intake of mineral salts from the soil by plant
root hairs.

A process in which a substance or compound gains entry into

a cell without passing though the lipid all membrane

Shargel, Wu-Pong & Yu, 2004.

Rani & Hiremath, 2000.
Brahmankar & Jaiswal, 2008.
Gibaldi, 1982.