OPTICAL FIBER

THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNET

WHAT IS OPTICAL FIBER?

AnOptical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made of high quality glass (silica) or
plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair.

Optical fibers are widely used infiber-optic communications, which permits

transmission over longer distances and at higherbandwidths(data rates) than
other forms of communication

Optical fiber is comprised of a light carrying core surrounded by a cladding which

traps the light in the core by the principle of total internal reflection.

Most optical fibers are made of glass, although some are made of plastic. The core
and cladding are usually fused silica glass which is covered by a plastic coating
called the buffer or primary buffer coating which protects the glass fiber from
physical damage and moisture.

TYPES OF OPTICAL FIBERS

Single mode there is only one path for
light to take down the cable.

Multimode if there is more than one path.

STRUCTURE OF SINGLE-MODE FIBER

1. Core: 8m diameter
2. Cladding: 125m dia.
3. Buffer: 250m dia.
4. Jacket: 400m dia.

ADVANTAGES OF OPTICAL FIBER

For short distance application, such as a network in an office
building, fiber-optic cabling can save space in cable ducts.
This is because a single fiber can carry much more data than
electrical cables such as standardcategory 5Ethernet
cabling, which typically runs at 100 Mbit/s or 1 Gbit/s speeds.

Fiber is also immune to electrical interference; there is no

cross-talk between signals in different cables, and no pickup
of environmental noise.

DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FIBRE-OPTIC

EQUIPMENT
Scientists at University College Londonhave developed new
fibre-optic equipment that can send data at 1.125 terabits
per second.

This is almost 50,000 times greater than the average speed

of a UK broadband connection of 24 megabits per second,
which is the current speed defining superfast broadband.

To give an example, the data rate they have achieved would

allow the entire HD Game of Thrones series to be downloaded
within one second.

REFERENCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/02/11/scientistscreate-internet-cables-50000-times-faster-than-superf/

PRESENTATION MADE BY
Ion Riza
Andrei Blnescu