Professional Documents
Culture Documents
F. Biaya Produksi
F. Biaya Produksi
Produksi
Copyright2004 South-Western
Total Cost
The market value of the inputs a firm uses in
production.
How an Accountant
Views a Firm
Economic
profit
Accounting
profit
Revenue
Implicit
costs
Explicit
costs
Revenue
Total
opportunity
costs
Explicit
costs
Copyright2004 South-Western
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Copyright2004 South-Western
$80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Quantity
of Output
(cookies per hour)
Copyright2004 South-Western
Average Costs
F ix e d c o s t F C
AFC
Q u a n tity
Q
V a ria b le c o s t V C
AVC
Q u a n tity
Q
T o ta l c o s t T C
ATC
Q u a n tity
Q
Copyright 2004 South-Western/
Copyright2004 South-Western
Marginal Cost
( c h a n g e in to ta l c o s t) T C
M C
(c h a n g e in q u a n tity )
Q
Marginal Cost
Thirsty Thelmas Lemonade Stand
Quantity
0
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Cost
Marginal
Cost
$3.00
3.30 $0.30
3.80
0.50
4.50
0.70
5.40
0.90
6.50
1.10
Quantity
6
7
8
9
10
Total
Cost
$7.80
9.30
11.00
12.90
15.00
Marginal
Cost
$1.30
1.50
1.70
1.90
2.10
$15.00
14.00
13.00
12.00
11.00
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0
Quantity
of Output
(glasses of lemonade per hour)
8
10
MC
2.00
1.75
1.50
ATC
1.25
AVC
1.00
0.75
0.50
AFC
0.25
0
Quantity
of Output
(glasses of lemonade per hour)
9
10
MC
2.00
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0
Quantity
of Output
(glasses of lemonade per hour)
9
10
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0
Quantity
of Output
(glasses of lemonade per hour)
9
10
MC
2.00
1.75
ATC
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0
Quantity
of Output
(glasses of lemonade per hour)
9
10
$18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0
10
12
14
ATC
AVC
1.00
0.50
AFC
0
10
12
14
ATC in short
run with
small factory
$12,000
1,200
Quantity of
Cars per Day
Copyright 2004 South-Western
ATC in short
run with
small factory
$12,000
10,000
Economies
of
scale
Constant
returns to
scale
1,000 1,200
Diseconomies
of
scale
Quantity of
Cars per Day
Copyright 2004 South-Western