By: Dibyendu Khan

Engineer
CTU - Planning
 Content

Brief History of SAPP

Introduction to the SAPP
Installed Generation capacity.
Organization structure of SAPP
Operating Sub-Committee
Planning Sub-Committee
Market Sub-Committee
Highlights of SAPP
Reference.
 BRIEF HISTORY OF SAPP

Only 5% of rural areas in Southern Africa have access

to electricity.
The SAPP was created in August 1995 at the SADC
summit held in Kempton Park, South Africa.
Aim to provide the least cost, environmentally friendly
and affordable energy and increase accessibility to
rural communites.
Established a common market for Electricity trading in
the SADC region.
 INTRODUCTION TO THE SAPP
12 Countries (or members)
302.171Million people
Total forecasted SAPP for
2015 is 55,308 MW. DR Congo
Tanzania
Electricity demand has
increased by 6.8 % in the year
2014-2015. Angola Malawi
Zambia

Zimbabwe
Namibia
Botswana Mozambique

Swaziland

South Africa
Lesotho
 INTRODUCTION TO THE SAPP

The SAPP is governed by four agreements:

I. Inter-Governmental Memorandum of
Understanding,
II. Inter-Utility Memorandum of Understanding,
III. Agreement Between Operating Members,
IV. Operating Guidelines.
 Installed Generation Capacity.

SAPP installed capacity is 61,859 MW. Available capacity stands at 52,589 MW.
The Operating Capacity stands at 46,910 MW.
ORGANISATION STRUCTURE OF SAPP
Operating Sub-Committee (OSC).
 Operating Sub-Committee (OSC).
Operating Sub-Committee (OSC) is responsible for telecommunication,
measurement and control (TMC) and operations of the SAPP Grid.
Has a formal SAPP Operating Guidelines, which is followed by all his
members.
Automatic generation control (AGC) has been successfully installed and
operates in the 'tie line" bias mode under normal operating conditions.
Frequency Control: Target of at least 90% within the frequency band
of 49.95Hz and 50.05Hz.
Implementation of facilities called Demand Response (Implemented in
Eskom South Africa.)
Initially some energy trading was conducted by OSC till MSC was
formed.
Planning Sub-Committee (PSC).
 Planning Sub-Committee (PSC).
SAPP has developed its own set of transmission as well as generation
planning criteria.
System is planned for N-1 Contingencies.
Network Condition Voltage Limit.
Healthy System 0.95-1.05 pu
After N-1 Contingencies before 0.90-1.05pu
corrective actions
After N-1 Contingencies after 0.95-1.05 pu
corrective actions

Other duties performed by the PSC

Update of the Integrated regional load forecast,
Identification of new generation projects,
Studies on the integration of new generation projects etc.
Planning Sub-Committee (PSC).
Planning Sub-Committee (PSC).
Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
The Markets Sub-Committee is a new sub-committee that was created
in April 2007.
SAPP has established a common energy market (Day Ahead Market,
DAM) for all its 12 members. (DAM has started operation from April
2015)
For transfer of energy Firm transactions are given priority ahead of
non- firm transaction (For both Bilateral and competitive markets)
between participants.
Remaining transmission capacity is allocated for DAM.
DAM operate on hourly contract.
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
There are two type of bilateral contracts:
Firm contract
Non Firm Contract.
Billing for energy transfer under bilateral contract are direct form
buyer to seller,
Billing is on schedule.
By 1145 on the trading day the market operator calculates and
publishes available trading capacities to be allocated for DAM for
the following.
Bid for the present day is received till previous day 10:30 Hrs. By
12:00 Hrs results are published.
New Platforms like Forward Physical Market (FPM) and IntraDay
Market (IDM) are also being introduced.
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
IDM
IDM allows participants to adjust power balance and manage failure
and incidents.
Trading takes place 24/7 on every day till one hour, on first come
first serve before delivery.
Generally whatever transmission capacity not utilized in DAM is
given to IDM. FPM
FPM allows participants for trade of Monthly and Weekly products.
Primarily aims to Meet the monthly Base Load or weekly Load
Profile.
Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
In 2014- 15 where a total of 508,264 MWh were traded on the
market.
A total of USD26,554,025 was exchanged between buyers and sellers
on the market for the cost of traded energy in 2014-15.
Comparison of data for energy traded in DAM:

April 2016 May 2016

MWh Sale offers 312,739 224,403
MWh Buy bids 270,174 294,147
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
Transmission capacity available for DAM as declared for Yestarday.
 Markets Sub-Committee (MSC).
Settlements of charges for energy traded through DAM.
Settlement is made on daily basis
Each participant should maintain a security account.
Timeline of Payment Procedure

DAY 1 Prices are calculated. Confirmation of trading notification and

market results are issued to buyers and sellers.
DAY 2 Invoices/Credit Notes issued.
DAY 11 Payment of Invoice amount
DAY 12 Settlement amounts to be paid by the Market Operator to
sellers, if buyers that fail to pay the invoiced amounts.
 Highlights Of SAPP.
SAPP installed a total of 13,604 MW of new generation capacity in the last
11 years (annual average of 1,237 MW).
In the year 2014-2015, 1999 MW of new generation capacity was added.
Out of the newly installed 1999 MW around 83% was from renewable energy.
150MVar Static Var Compensator (SVC) was recommissioned at Insukamini
Substation in Zimbabwe on 31 July 2014.
First 800MW generator at the new Medupi Power Station in South Africa was
synchronized to the grid on 2 March 2015.
Establishment of DAM from 1st April 2015.
Establishment of IDM from December 2015.
 Reference.

SAPP 2014-2015 Annual Report.

http://www.sapp.co.zw/index.html
http://www.sappmarket.com/#
http://www.google.com/#
SAPP Transmission And Generation Planning Criteria.
Various Monthly Report of SAPP.
Presentation and materials from works of Eng. Musara Beta Chief Market
Analyst SAPP.
Presentation and materials from works of Mr. Addis Ababa SAPP.
SAPP Inter- Utility Memorandum understanding.
SAPP Market Documents.
Thank
You.