DEMAND RESPONSE BASED ENERGY MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM USING SMART GRID COMMUNICATION

By
R.Ramya Guided by
M.Rathna Mr. N.Kumara
S.Soorialakshmi Sabapathy
A.Shenbaga Priya Assistant Professor of
EEE
ABSTRACT

This project is aiming at designing and fabricating a Smart home Energy

Management System that can assist in implementing the Smart Grid communication
concept using embedded system.
Price signaling to consumers - allows users to cut their energy bills by telling low
priority devices to use energy only when it is cheapest;
The Smart Energy Management system consists of one Potential Transformer and
one Current Transformer.
The signals are connected to the true rectifier circuits for rectification and fed to the
PIC Processor for measurement of Voltage, Current flow Comparators are used to
sense the phase angle between Voltage & Current waveforms. Zero crossing
detectors are used to convert sine waves into square pulses.
The Smart Energy Management System will display all the electrical parameters like
Voltage, current, power and Maximum Demand.
 Objective

To establisheconomical demand response

based energy management system for
domestic loads using Smart meter.
 WORK PLAN
FROM TO WORK

06.01.2014 17.01.2014 LITERATURE SEARCH

20.01.2014 24.01.2014 STUDY ANALYSIS &

UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPTS

27.01.2014 31.01.2014 GENERAL BLOCK DIAGRAM DESIGN

& COMPONENTS STUDY
 FROM TO WORK

03.02.2014 05.02.2014 CIRCUIT DESIGN

06.02.2014 07.02.2014 PURCHASING COMPONENTS

10.02.2014 14.02.2014 PCB DESIGN

17.02.2014 21.02.2014 ELECTRONICS & ELECTRICAL

COMPONENTS INSTALLATION

24.02.2014 28.02.2014 ALGORITHM AND

MNEUMANICS WRITING
 FROM TO WORK

03.03.2014 07.03.2014 MICRO CONTROLLER

INSTALLATION

10.03.2014 14.03.2014 EMBEDDING HARDWARE

AND SOFTWARE

17.03.2014 21.03.2014 DEBUGGING

24.03.2014 28.03.2014 TEST ANALYSIS

FROM TO WORK

31.03.2014 04.04.2014 FINAL TESTING AND RESULT

ANALYSIS

07.04.2014 11.04.2014 REPORT

 Block diagram
SUBSTATIO
N

GSM
MOBILE

HOME
SECTION
RELAY LOAD
CT
RELAY LOAD
CURRENT
DRIVE
MEASUREMENT R
MICRO
CONTROLLER RELAY
VOLTAGE LOAD
PT MEASUREMEN
T
RELA
Y LOAD
ZCD LCD
AND GSM
ZCD MODEM
 Block Diagram Explanation
The Smart Energy Management system consists of one Potential
Transformer and one Current Transformer.
The signals are connected to the true rectifier circuits for rectification and
fed to the PIC for measurement of Voltage, Current flow .
Comparators are used to sense the phase angle between Voltage & Current
waveforms. Zero crossing detectors are used to convert sine waves into
square pulses. These square pulses are used to count the frequency.
The Smart Energy Management System will display all the electrical
parameters like Voltage, current, phase angle.
Also, it is interfaced to GSM and Enables one way communications of
data & responds to command from LDC.
 Circuit diagram
+5V
To main
Load

1
D 3 12V +5V 2
2
1 3 10K 2 3 1
VI VO 1k 3 1

+ 4
4
LC D 16

4
G N D
4 16

11

12

15
13

14
LM 7805 K1

6
1 T3 5 1000m f 470m f
1 B R ID G E 3 LED R ELAY SPD T
2 .2 K +5V

11

14
12

13

15
5

6
6

1
2
3
2

1
2
4 8
- TO PROGRAMM ER
230V A C

39

27

30
21

19

28

29

28
1K
2
470m f 12V

1
40 38 U 11

9
40 38

21

27

28

28
39

19

29

30
1000m f
-5 V

G N D
2 LM 7905 3 1k

VC C
VI VO +5V 11 37 1
11 37 2 L 8
32 36 3 L 9 1 0
C 5 32 36 4 L 1 0 L 1 1 1
2 3 0 V , 5 0 H z A C S u p p ly
U 3
0 .1 u f 12
P IC 1 6 F 8 7 7 A
pic16f877a 35 5 L 1 1 L 2 1 2 1K
2

12 35 6 L 1 2 L 3 1 3
12V 1 3
C 3 31 34 L 1 3 L 4
T1 +5V 31 34

G N D
33pf 7
P 13 33 L14
R 2 13 33
6M H Z
U 1
R 13 k 14 24
7

14 24

8
26

25
2

8
R 4 2 D 1
33pf
0V 1k
6
C 4

25
26
N 3 741

8
1k 1N 4148
R 6 C 1
1k C
4

C U R R EN TTR AN S F O R M ER R 5
2

1 3
T1
1k
R 1 U 1 1k
7

2 D 1
6
1k
load 3
1N 4148
O P -0 7 /T O
4
2

1 3
8 .2 K

VOLTAGE 1M 4 .7 K
5
6
8

10
11

12
LM 311

9
2
+
7
1

R 1O U T
R 2O U T
T 2 IN
T 1 IN
3 2 15
- G N D 8

Rx
10K R 2 IN
0 .0 1 u f 0 .0 1 u f 2 .2 u f 13
6 R 1 IN
8 .2 K BC 187 V- M A X 232
2 .2 u f 2
GSM
4

-5 V V+ 14
16
VC C
T1O U T
T2O U T
7 MODEM

Tx
2

2 .2 u f

2+
1-

2-
1 3

+
C
C
C
C
8 .2 K U 3 +5V
7408
CURRENT 1M 4 .7 K
5
6
8

1
3
4
5
LM 311
2
+
7
1

3 2
10K
- BC 187
0 .0 1 u f 0 .0 1 u f 2 .2 u f 2 .2 u f
8 .2 K
4

-5 V
PCB Design
 PCB
PCB is used to mechanically support and
electrically connect electronic components
using conductive pathways.
A signal traces etched from copper sheets
laminated onto a non conductive substrate.
It is also referred to as printed wiring
board(PWB) or etched wiring board.
PCBs are inexpensive and high reliable.
High initial cost than either wire-wrapped or
point-to-point constructed circuits .
 Fabrication of PCB
Preparing of layout
Painting of PCB
Development of the printed circuit
diagram
Etching of PCB
Drilling of holes
Soldering
 FULL LOAD

1k 2k 3k
w w w
15kw

4k 2k 3k
w w w

AT FULL LOAD THE CONSUMER GET FULL LOAD

 80% CUT

0.2kw 0.4kw 0.6kw

3KW

0.4kw 0.8kw 0.6kw

If to reduce power as 80% cut. The consumer set only 20% of the load. (Necessary Load)
 50% CUT

0.5kw 1kw 1.5kw

7.5K
W

1kw 2kw 1.5kw

If to reduce 50% cut. The consumer get more than necessary load.
1. Start
2. Initiative the ports
A=Input ALGORITHM
B=I/O
C=I/O
D=Output
E=Input
3. Read the input signals
4.If the input signals are in analog go to step 7
Else go to next step
5.Fetch the digital data and read the command
6.If the command received is L.P.C
Cut 75% of load
Else if command received is MPC
Cut 50% of load
Else Dont interrupt the loads
7.If the analog signal is from input port A (V, I, cos )
Display the readings in 7 segment 8 digit LCD unit
else go to step:8
8.based on the commands ,trip the corresponding relays.
9.stop,
 start

A=I;B=I/O
C=I/O;D=
O;
E=I
Read data

No Yes digit
LPC
al
Yes No
Cut 75%
V,I, Display
No
MPC
Yes
Relay
Cut 50% drive

No HP
C Relay
Yes
Full load Stop
PROGRAM
 Advantages
A system that merges power and information and communicates intelligently to

customers, operators, and decision-makers.

A network that is fully coordinated to operate automatically, efficiently, and reliably

delivering digital quality power to 21 st century customers.

An intelligent grid that is responsive to energy markets and utility business enterprise

needs.

An electric system capable of integrating a wide array of load, storage and generation

resources .

An electric system that greatly enhances efficient utilization and consumption of

electricity.

An electric system that delivers improved reliability and power quality.

DISADVANTAGES

Since wired network incase of smart meter problem

cant able to control the individual corresponding home.

Signal communication propogation failure.

Application of Our Project

Electricity board
Apparatus
Commercial
RESULT

Using two-way communication incorporating GSM communication, we

developed a smart meter for a single home; there by managed the energy based
on the demand using PIC embedded with coding for communication. We
efficiently manage the energy. By implementing this for individual home we
can eliminate the power demand and achieve the energy management widely
over the entire zone of southern grid.
We successfully complete our project and having the verified result.
CONCLUSION

Our project presents an intelligent home energy management

(HEM) algorithm for demand response applications. Simulation results show
that the proposed HEM algorithm can proactively and effectively control and
manage the appliance operation to keep the total household consumption
below a specified demand limit. The proposed HEM algorithm takes into
account both load priority and customer comfort level settings. Simulation
results indicate that at a low demand limit level, although the HEM is able to
keep the total household demand below the limit, customers may need to
sacrifice their comfort level to some extent (i.e., room temperature exceeds the
preference setting). Also, it is possible that a DR event could create a high off-
peak demand due to load compensation. This implies that there is a limit on
how much DR can be performed. This paper analyzes this limit and
demonstrates that DR potential is a function of customer comfort preference
and the demand limit level that does not cause high load compensation after a
DR event.It is expected that the results of work can benefit electric distribution
utilities and DR aggregators in providing an insight into the limits and
potentials of DR available in residential mark.
 Journals
Research Article,Building Automation Networks for Smart
Grids;Peizhong Yi, Abiodun Iwayemi, and Chi Zhou,Electrical
and Computer Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of
Technology, Chicago, IL 60616-3793, USA,Correspondence should
be addressed to Chi Zhou, zhou@iit.edu, Received 2 November
2010; Accepted 2 April 2011.
An Algorithm for Intelligent Home Energy, Management and
Demand Response Analysis, Manisa Pipattanasomporn, Senior
Member, IEEE, Murat Kuzlu, Member, IEEE, and Saifur Rahman,
Fellow, IEEE.
An Optimal Power Scheduling Method Applied in Home Energy
Management System Based on Demand Response, Zhuang Zhao,
Won Cheol Lee, Yoan Shin, and Kyung-Bin Song, ETRI Journal,
Volume 35, Number 4, August 2013.
 REFERENCES
Hardware Design of Smart Home Energy Management System with
Dynamic Price Response Qinran Hu, Student Member, IEEE,
Fangxing Li, Senior Member, IEEE
Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy
Systems, and Smart Loads Peter Palensky, Senior Member, IEEE,
and Dietmar Dietrich, Senior Member, IEEE,IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS, VOL. 7,
NO. 3, AUGUST 2011.
Hardware Demonstration of a Home Energy Management System
for Demand Response Applications. M. Kuzlu, Member, IEEE, M.
Pipattanasomporn, Senior Member, IEEE, and S. Rahman , Fellow,
IEEE,IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, VOL. 3, NO. 4,
JULY 2013.
THANK YOU