LTE Basics

-Pratit Khare
LTE Network
Architecture
A UE connects to an enodeB over the LTE-Uu
interface.

enodeB
The E-UTRAN handles the radio communications
between the mobile and the evolved packet core
and just has one component, the evolved base
stations, called eNodeBor eNB. Each eNB is a
base station that controls the mobiles in one or
more cells.

MME (Mobility
Management Entity)
MME is the main signaling node in the EPC. You
 S-GW (Serving-Gateway)
S-GW is the main User plane entity which forwards
and routes packets to and from the eNodeB and
packet data network gateway (PGW).

P-GW (PDN-Gateway)
Simply, PDN-GW is a Gateway to PDN so that LTE
network can talk to external network like SIP based
IMS network or Internet.

HSS (Home Subscriber Server)

An HSS is the central DB where user profiles are
stored. It provides user authentication information
and user profiles to the MME.
 PCRF (policy and charging rules
function)
A PCRF is the policy and charging control
entity and it provides the PCC rules (QoS
and charging rules) to the PCEF (P-GW).
EPS Session and EPS Bearer
 EPS Session
IP connection between a UE and a PDN is called
EPS session.
An EPS session is in charge of delivering and
handling flows of the IP packets that are travel
between a UE and a PDN (UE P-GW PDN).

EPS Bearer
EPS bearer is a pipe through which IP packets
are delivered over the LTE network, i.e.,
between a UE and a P-GW (UE eNB S-GW -
P-GW)
Types of EPS Bearers
Default bearer
When LTE UE attaches to the network for the
first time, it will be assigned default bearer
which remains as long as UE is attached.
Even when there is no user traffic to send,
the default EPS bearer always stays activated
and ready for possible incoming user traffic.

Dedicated Bearer
Additional EPS bearer can be established if
the default EPS bearer itself is not sufficient
enough to obtain QoS. When there is no user
traffic, these dedicated EPS bearers can be
removed,
UE States in LTE
State Transition from Connected to Idle mode in
LTE
Thank You
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