The 8051 Microcontroller and

Embedded Systems

CHAPTER 0
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTING

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 Before you can drive the Robotic Car, you must
pass your HW Code Test then your PDL.

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 OBJECTIVES
Convert any number from base 2, base 10, or base 16 to either of the other two bases
Add and subtract hex numbers
Add binary numbers
Represent any binary number in 2's complement
Represent an alphanumeric string in ASCII code
Describe logical operations AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR
Use logic gates to diagram simple circuits
Explain the difference between a bit, a nibble, a byte, and a word
Give precise mathematical definitions of the terms kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, and
terabyte.
Explain the difference between RAM and ROM and describe their use
Describe the purpose of the major components of a computer system
List the three types of buses found in computers and describe the purpose of each type of
bus
Describe the role of the CPU in computer systems
List the major components of CPU and describe the purpose of each

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 SECTION 0.2: DIGITAL PRIMER

Binary logic

Figure 02 Binary Signals

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Logic gates

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Logic design using gates

Figure 03 Two Implementations of a Half-Adder

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Figure 04 Block Diagram of a Half-Adder

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Figure 05 Full-Adder Built from a Half-Adder

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Figure 06 3-Bit Adder Using 3 Full-Adders

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Figure 07 Address Decoders

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Figure 08 D Flip-Flops

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 SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER

Some important terminology

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 SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER

Internal organization of computers

13 Figure 09 Inside the Computer

 SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER

More about the data bus

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 SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER

More about the address bus

Figure 010 Internal Organization of Computers

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Inside CPUs

Figure 011
Internal Block Diagram of a CPU
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 SECTION 0.3: INSIDE THE COMPUTER

Internal working of computers

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 Next

Lecture Problems Textbook Chapter 0

Answer as many questions as you can and
submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.
(HINT: Do the easy questions first)

Proteus Exercise Textbook Chapter 0

Do as much of the Proteus exercise as you can
and submit via MeL before the end of the lecture.

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