Fluid Mechanics

By Maialen Garca.
 Index
1. Definition.
1.1. Fluid statics.
1.2. Fluid dynamics.
2. Arquimedesprinciple
2.1 Arquimedes anecdote
2.2 Applications
 Definition
Fluid mechanics is the branch of
physics which involves the study of
fluids and the forces on them.

Fluid statics, the study of fluids at rest.

Fluid dynamics, the study of the effect
of forces on fluid motion.
Fluid mechanics is a subdiscipline of
continuum mechanics, as illustrated in
the following table.
 Arquimedesprinciple
Archimedes' principle
indicates that the upward
buoyant force that is
exerted on a body
immersed in a fluid,
whether fully or partially
submerged is equal to the
weight of the fluid that the
body displaces.
 Arquimedes bath
The study of fluid mechanics goes back to
the days of ancient Greece.
Hiero II, tyrant ruler of Syracuse asked
Arquimedes to determine if his crown was
made of gold.
While taking a bath
he noticed that the
water level rose in
the tub when he
entered.
 Applications
Submarine
A submarine has a large ballast tank, which is used
to control its position and depth from the surface of
the sea.

A submarine submerges by letting water into the

ballast tank so that its weight becomes greater than
the buoyant force.
Conversely, it floats by reducing water in the ballast
tank, so its weight is less than the buoyant force.
Hot air balloon

The atmosphere is filled with air that exerts

buoyant force on any object.
A hot air balloon rises and floats due to the
buoyant force (when the surrounding air is
greater than its weight).
It descends when the balloon's weight is
higher than the buoyant force.
It becomes stationary when the weight
equals the buoyant force.
The weight of the Hot-air balloon can
be controlled by varying the quantity
of hot air in the balloon.
Ship
A ship floats on the surface of the sea because the volume of water displaced
by the ship is enough to have a weight equal to the weight of the ship.

A ship is constructed in a way so that the shape is hollow, to make the overall
density of the ship lesser than the sea water. Therefore, the buoyant force
acting on the ship is large enough to support its weight.

A ship submerge lower in fresh water as fresh water density is lesser than sea
water. Ships will float higher in cold water as cold water has a relatively
higher density than warm water.