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Biosensor
Biosensor
S
Cagri Ozge Topal
OSU ECEN 5060 Nanotechnology
Abstract
The revolution of nanotechnology in molecular biology gives an
opportunity to detect and manipulate atoms and molecules at the
molecular and cellular level.
Definition of Nanobiosensor
History
Types of Nanobiosensors
Working Principle and Fabrication of Optical and FET Nanobiosensors
Application Areas and Current Research
Future Research
What is a Nanobiosensor?
A biosensor is a measurement system for the detection of an analyte
that combines a biological component with a physicochemical
detector, and a nanobiosensor is a biosensor that on the nano-scale
size
Nanobiosensor
(Bioreceptor)
Living biological system
(cell, tissue or whole organism)
Biological molecular species
(antibody, enzyme, protein)
Biosensor Development
1916 First report on the immobilization of proteins: adsorption of
invertase on activated charcoal.
1956 Invention of the first oxygen electrode [Leland Clark]
1962 First description of a biosensor: an amperometric enzyme
electrode for glucose. [Leland Clark, New York Academy of Sciences
Symposium]
1969 First potentiometric biosensor: urease immobilized on an
ammonia electrode to detect urea. [Guilbault and Montalvo]
1970 Invention of the Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistor (ISFET).
1972/5 First commercial biosensor: Yellow Springs Instruments
glucose biosensor.
1976 First bedside artificial pancreas [Clemens et al.]
1980 First fiber optic pH sensor for in vivo blood gases.
1982 First fiber optic-based biosensor for glucose
1983 First surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor.
1987 Launch of the blood glucose biosensor[ MediSense]
Theory
Principle of Detection
Piezoelectric Mass
Electrochemical Electric distribution
Optical Light intensity
Calorimetric Heat
Types of Nanobiosensors
Optical Biosensors Nanotube Based Biosensors
Electrical Biosensors Viral Nanosensors
Electrochemical Biosensors Nanoshell Biosensors
Nanowire Biosensors
Theory
Optical Nanobiosensors
A sensor that uses light to detect the effect of a chemical on a
biological system. [Kopelman et al.]
Sensing Element
Semiconductor channel
(nanowire) of the transistor.
Identification of Biomarkers
Validation of Cancer Biomarkers
Cancer Biomarkers
Ligands / Probes Developments
Cancer Diagnostics Biosensor Detector
Point of Care Cancer Diagnostics
References
Cullum, B.(2000). The development of optical nanosensors for
biological measurements. Trends in Biotechnology, Vol 18,388-393.
Vo-Dihn, T.(2002).Nanobiosensors: Probing the sanctuary of
individual living cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Supplement,
Vol. 39, 154-161
Pathak, P. et al.(2007). Cancer Research - Nanoparticles,
nanobiosensors and their use in cancer research. Journal of
Nanotechnology Online, Vol.3, 1-14.
Rogers, K.(2006). Recent advances in biosensor techniques for
environmental monitoring. Analitica Chimica Acta. Vol. 568(1-2), 599-
624.
Li, C. (2005).Complementary Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen
Using In2O3 Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes. Journal of the
American Chemical Society, Vol.127(36), 12484-12485.