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Analysis of Condenser
Analysis of Condenser
Condensers
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
I I T Delhi
pturbine ,exhaust
phood
pcond ,in pcond ,exit ?
TTD ?
TCW ,out TCW ,in
Two-Pass Surface Condenser
T-S Diagram : Rankine Cycle with FWHs.
pturbine,exhaust
phood
m air
mc,s
The value of , depends on type, capacity, load and design dimensions
of the condenser plant.
Variation of Steam-air Mixture Parameters
m c , s m air
pc,in p pi ,steam Tsat
pc ,in p pi ,steam p pi ,air
pa R ma
a 0.622
ps Rs m
s
pc
ps
1 0.622
At the entry to condenser the relative content of air is very low and
partial pressure of steam is almost equal to condenser pressure.
As air-steam mixture moves in the condenser, steam is condensed
and the relative content of air increases.
Accordingly, the partial pressure of steam drops down.
The total pressure in the bottom portion of condenser is lower than
that of the top portion.
The pressure drop from inlet to exit of condenser is called steam
exhaust resistance of a condenser.
pc pc ,in pc ,exit
The partial pressure of air at the bottom of the condenser cannot be
neglected.
pc ,exit p pe,steam p pe,air
70
60
50 Saturation Temperature, 0C
Tcw,out
40
30 Tcw,in
20
Steam Partial Pressure, kPa
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
Inlet exit
Condenser with Air Removal Pump : A practicable
Concept
m a : Slowly decreases & m s : Continuosly decreases to zero.
Can be controlled to a finite value.
10 30 40 50
20
Cooling water Inlet Temperature
Power Loss Due to Excess Back Pressure