GRAPHIC ARTS

TIMELINE
2270 B.C.E.

In the Ancient Near East,clay tablets were used

as a writing medium, especially for writing in
cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well
into the Iron Age.
105 A.D.

Paper was invented in 105 A.D. by a CiaLun.

CARVED WOOD BLOCKS

Carved woodblocks used to print images and

large capital letters on paper were shortly
invinted after paper.
1450

Around 1450 Johannes Gutenberg made another

version of a metalmovable-type printingpress in
Europe, along with innovations in casting
thetypebased on a matrix and hand mold.
1150

Paper making in Europe begins.

1439 TO 1440

It is not clear but itappears that Johanne

Gutenberginvented the first print and press
around 1439 or1440. Gutenberg's invention was
profoundly important. It launched a revolution in
printing.
1717

In 1717, J.C.LEBlond, a painter, patents a

coloring print and press.
1796

is a method ofprintingoriginally based on

theimmiscibilityof oil and water.The printing is
from a stone lithographic limestone or a metal
plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in
1796 by German author and actorAlois
Senefelderas a cheap method of publishing
theatrical works.
1811

Fedrich koegnig delopse a rotary

press.
1852

In 1852,the
firstscreenedphotosensitive
metal platewas invented,
by William Henry Fox Talbot.
1863

1863, aman named wiliam bullock develops te

web press.
1886

The linotype machine is a line casting machine

used inprintingsold by theMergenthaler
Linotype Companyand related companies. It was
ahot metal typesettingsystem that cast blocks
ofmetal typefor individual uses.
1994

In 1994, graphic communications entered the

computer age with digital graphics.
1903

IN 1903 paper manufacturerIra Washington

RubelofNutley, New Jerseydeveloped the first
commerciallithographic offset system, oroffset
press, for printing on paper.
1973

1973, graphics software is improved

1980

Modern large-scale printing is typically done

using a printing press, while small-scale printing
is done free-form with adigital printer.Though
paper is the most common material, it is also
frequently done on metals, plastics, cloth and
composite materials.
1970

In 1970, phototypesetting was introduced.